1 Kings14
New International Version
1At that time Abijah son of Jeroboam became ill,
2and Jeroboam said to his wife, “Go, disguise yourself, so you won’t be recognized as the wife of Jeroboam. Then go to Shiloh. Ahijah the prophet is there—the one who told me I would be king over this people.
3Take ten loaves of bread with you, some cakes and a jar of honey, and go to him. He will tell you what will happen to the boy.”
4So Jeroboam’s wife did what he said and went to Ahijah’s house in Shiloh. Now Ahijah could not see; his sight was gone because of his age.
5But the Lord had told Ahijah, “Jeroboam’s wife is coming to ask you about her son, for he is ill, and you are to give her such and such an answer. When she arrives, she will pretend to be someone else.”
6So when Ahijah heard the sound of her footsteps at the door, he said, “Come in, wife of Jeroboam. Why this pretense? I have been sent to you with bad news.
7Go, tell Jeroboam that this is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: ‘I raised you up from among the people and appointed you ruler over my people Israel.
8I tore the kingdom away from the house of David and gave it to you, but you have not been like my servant David, who kept my commands and followed me with all his heart, doing only what was right in my eyes.
9You have done more evil than all who lived before you. You have made for yourself other gods, idols made of metal; you have aroused my anger and turned your back on me.
10“‘Because of this, I am going to bring disaster on the house of Jeroboam. I will cut off from Jeroboam every last male in Israel—slave or free. I will burn up the house of Jeroboam as one burns dung, until it is all gone.
11Dogs will eat those belonging to Jeroboam who die in the city, and the birds will feed on those who die in the country. The Lord has spoken!’
12“As for you, go back home. When you set foot in your city, the boy will die.
13All Israel will mourn for him and bury him. He is the only one belonging to Jeroboam who will be buried, because he is the only one in the house of Jeroboam in whom the Lord, the God of Israel, has found anything good.
14“The Lord will raise up for himself a king over Israel who will cut off the family of Jeroboam. Even now this is beginning to happen.
15And the Lord will strike Israel, so that it will be like a reed swaying in the water. He will uproot Israel from this good land that he gave to their ancestors and scatter them beyond the Euphrates River, because they aroused the Lord’s anger by making Asherah poles.
16And he will give Israel up because of the sins Jeroboam has committed and has caused Israel to commit.”
17Then Jeroboam’s wife got up and left and went to Tirzah. As soon as she stepped over the threshold of the house, the boy died.
18They buried him, and all Israel mourned for him, as the Lord had said through his servant the prophet Ahijah.
19The other events of Jeroboam’s reign, his wars and how he ruled, are written in the book of the annals of the kings of Israel.
20He reigned for twenty-two years and then rested with his ancestors. And Nadab his son succeeded him as king.
21Rehoboam son of Solomon was king in Judah. He was forty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem, the city the Lord had chosen out of all the tribes of Israel in which to put his Name. His mother’s name was Naamah; she was an Ammonite.
22Judah did evil in the eyes of the Lord. By the sins they committed they stirred up his jealous anger more than those who were before them had done.
23They also set up for themselves high places, sacred stones and Asherah poles on every high hill and under every spreading tree.
24There were even male shrine prostitutes in the land; the people engaged in all the detestable practices of the nations the Lord had driven out before the Israelites.
25In the fifth year of King Rehoboam, Shishak king of Egypt attacked Jerusalem.
26He carried off the treasures of the temple of the Lord and the treasures of the royal palace. He took everything, including all the gold shields Solomon had made.
27So King Rehoboam made bronze shields to replace them and assigned these to the commanders of the guard on duty at the entrance to the royal palace.
28Whenever the king went to the Lord’s temple, the guards bore the shields, and afterward they returned them to the guardroom.
29As for the other events of Rehoboam’s reign, and all he did, are they not written in the book of the annals of the kings of Judah?
30There was continual warfare between Rehoboam and Jeroboam.
31And Rehoboam rested with his ancestors and was buried with them in the City of David. His mother’s name was Naamah; she was an Ammonite. And Abijah his son succeeded him as king.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 1 Kings 14.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Abijah being sick, his mother consults Ahijah. (1–6). The destruction of Jeroboam's house. (7–20). Rehoboam's wicked reign. (21–31).
vv1-6
“At that time,” when Jeroboam did evil, his child sickened. When sickness comes into our families, we should inquire whether there may not be some particular sin harboured in our houses, which the affliction is sent to convince us of, and reclaim us from. It had been more pious if he had desired to know wherefore God contended with him; had begged the prophet's prayers, and cast away his idols from him; but most people would rather be told their fortune, than their faults or their duty. He sent to Ahijah, because he had told him he should be king. Those who by sin disqualify themselves for comfort, yet expect that their ministers, because they are good men, should speak peace and comfort to them, greatly wrong themselves and their ministers. He sent his wife in disguise, that the prophet might only answer her question concerning her son. Thus some people would limit their ministers to smooth things, and care not for having the whole counsel of God declared to them, lest it should prophesy no good concerning them, but evil. But she shall know, at the first word, what she has to trust to. Tidings of a portion with hypocrites will be heavy tidings. God will judge men according to what they are, not by what they seem to be.
vv7-20
Whether we keep an account of God's mercies to us or not, he does; and he will set them in order before us, if we are ungrateful, to our greater confusion. Ahijah foretells the speedy death of the child then sick, in mercy to him. He only in the house of Jeroboam had affection for the true worship of God, and disliked the worship of the calves. To show the power and sovereignty of his grace, God saves some out of the worst families, in whom there is some good thing towards the Lord God of Israel. The righteous are removed from the evil to come in this world, to the good to come in a better world. It is often a bad sign for a family, when the best in it are buried out of it. Yet their death never can be a loss to themselves. It was a present affliction to the family and kingdom, by which both ought to have been instructed. God also tells the judgments which should come upon the people of Israel, for conforming to the worship Jeroboam established. After they left the house of David, the government never continued long in one family, but one undermined and destroyed another. Families and kingdoms are ruined by sin. If great men do wickedly, they draw many others, both into the guilt and punishment. The condemnation of those will be severest, who must answer, not only for their own sins, but for sins others have been drawn into, and kept in, by them.
vv21-31
Here is no good said of Rehoboam, and much said to the disadvantage of his subjects. The abounding of the worst crimes, of the worst of the heathen, in Jerusalem, the city the Lord had chosen for his temple and his worship, shows that nothing can mend the hearts of fallen men but the sanctifying grace of the Holy Spirit. On this alone may we depend; for this let us daily pray, in behalf of ourselves and all around us. The splendour of their temple, the pomp of their priesthood, and all the advantages with which their religion was attended, could not prevail to keep them close to it; nothing less than the pouring out the Spirit will keep God's Israel in their allegiance to him. Sin exposes, makes poor, and weakens any people. Shishak, king of Egypt, came and took away the treasures. Sin makes the gold become dim, changes the most fine gold, and turns it into brass.
Key Words
עֵת: time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etc.
אֲבִיָּה: Abijah, the name of several Israelite men and two Israelitesses
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
יָרׇבְעָם: Jarobam, the name of two Israelite kings
חָלָה: properly, to be rubbed or worn; hence (figuratively) to be weak, sick, afflicted; or (causatively) to grieve, make sick; also to stroke (in flattering), entreat
אָמַר: to say (used with great latitude)
אִשָּׁה: a woman
שָׁנָה: to fold, i.e. duplicate (literally or figuratively); by implication, to transmute (transitive or intransitive)
לֹא: not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
יָדַע: to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation, care, recognition; and causatively, instruction, designation, punishment, etc.)
Cross References
1 Kings 14Baasha of Issachar conspires and utterly destroys the house of Jeroboam, fulfilling Ahijah's prophecy.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallel account detailing Rehoboam's reign, age, years in Jerusalem, and his mother Naamah.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallel account of Shishak of Egypt looting Jerusalem and taking Solomon's gold shields.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Jeroboam sends his wife to Ahijah, the very prophet who first promised him the kingdom.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Establishes custom of bringing a gift to a seer, though disguised as a simple peasant's offering.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Identical Hebrew idiom used to denote the complete extermination of all males in a doomed household.
Supported by JFB
Identical curse of being eaten by dogs and birds pronounced on Baasha's dynasty for similar sins.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Shishak of Egypt, who previously harbored Jeroboam, now plunders Jeroboam's rival Rehoboam.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Fulfillment of Ahijah's prophecy of captivity beyond the river Euphrates due to Assyrian exile.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Repeated biblical refrain indicting Jeroboam for his sins and for making Israel to sin.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Detailed account of the wars and acts of Jeroboam, particularly against Abijah of Judah.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel account of Rehoboam replacing the stolen gold shields with inferior bronze/brazen ones.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Contrast with Saul's sinful disguise, highlighting Jeroboam's futile attempt to hide from God.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Deuteronomic law concerning the single place where the Lord chose to put His name.
Supported by JFB