1 Kings13
New International Version
1By the word of the Lord a man of God came from Judah to Bethel, as Jeroboam was standing by the altar to make an offering.
2By the word of the Lord he cried out against the altar: “Altar, altar! This is what the Lord says: ‘A son named Josiah will be born to the house of David. On you he will sacrifice the priests of the high places who make offerings here, and human bones will be burned on you.’”
3That same day the man of God gave a sign: “This is the sign the Lord has declared: The altar will be split apart and the ashes on it will be poured out.”
4When King Jeroboam heard what the man of God cried out against the altar at Bethel, he stretched out his hand from the altar and said, “Seize him!” But the hand he stretched out toward the man shriveled up, so that he could not pull it back.
5Also, the altar was split apart and its ashes poured out according to the sign given by the man of God by the word of the Lord.
6Then the king said to the man of God, “Intercede with the Lord your God and pray for me that my hand may be restored.” So the man of God interceded with the Lord, and the king’s hand was restored and became as it was before.
7The king said to the man of God, “Come home with me for a meal, and I will give you a gift.”
8But the man of God answered the king, “Even if you were to give me half your possessions, I would not go with you, nor would I eat bread or drink water here.
9For I was commanded by the word of the Lord: ‘You must not eat bread or drink water or return by the way you came.’”
10So he took another road and did not return by the way he had come to Bethel.
11Now there was a certain old prophet living in Bethel, whose sons came and told him all that the man of God had done there that day. They also told their father what he had said to the king.
12Their father asked them, “Which way did he go?” And his sons showed him which road the man of God from Judah had taken.
13So he said to his sons, “Saddle the donkey for me.” And when they had saddled the donkey for him, he mounted it
14and rode after the man of God. He found him sitting under an oak tree and asked, “Are you the man of God who came from Judah?” “I am,” he replied.
15So the prophet said to him, “Come home with me and eat.”
16The man of God said, “I cannot turn back and go with you, nor can I eat bread or drink water with you in this place.
17I have been told by the word of the Lord: ‘You must not eat bread or drink water there or return by the way you came.’”
18The old prophet answered, “I too am a prophet, as you are. And an angel said to me by the word of the Lord: ‘Bring him back with you to your house so that he may eat bread and drink water.’” (But he was lying to him.)
19So the man of God returned with him and ate and drank in his house.
20While they were sitting at the table, the word of the Lord came to the old prophet who had brought him back.
21He cried out to the man of God who had come from Judah, “This is what the Lord says: ‘You have defied the word of the Lord and have not kept the command the Lord your God gave you.
22You came back and ate bread and drank water in the place where he told you not to eat or drink. Therefore your body will not be buried in the tomb of your ancestors.’”
23When the man of God had finished eating and drinking, the prophet who had brought him back saddled his donkey for him.
24As he went on his way, a lion met him on the road and killed him, and his body was left lying on the road, with both the donkey and the lion standing beside it.
25Some people who passed by saw the body lying there, with the lion standing beside the body, and they went and reported it in the city where the old prophet lived.
26When the prophet who had brought him back from his journey heard of it, he said, “It is the man of God who defied the word of the Lord. The Lord has given him over to the lion, which has mauled him and killed him, as the word of the Lord had warned him.”
27The prophet said to his sons, “Saddle the donkey for me,” and they did so.
28Then he went out and found the body lying on the road, with the donkey and the lion standing beside it. The lion had neither eaten the body nor mauled the donkey.
29So the prophet picked up the body of the man of God, laid it on the donkey, and brought it back to his own city to mourn for him and bury him.
30Then he laid the body in his own tomb, and they mourned over him and said, “Alas, my brother!”
31After burying him, he said to his sons, “When I die, bury me in the grave where the man of God is buried; lay my bones beside his bones.
32For the message he declared by the word of the Lord against the altar in Bethel and against all the shrines on the high places in the towns of Samaria will certainly come true.”
33Even after this, Jeroboam did not change his evil ways, but once more appointed priests for the high places from all sorts of people. Anyone who wanted to become a priest he consecrated for the high places.
34This was the sin of the house of Jeroboam that led to its downfall and to its destruction from the face of the earth.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 1 Kings 13.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Jeroboam's sin reproved. (1–10). The prophet deceived. (11–22). The disobedient prophet is slain, Jeroboam's obstinacy. (23–34).
vv1-10
In threatening the altar, the prophet threatens the founder and worshippers. Idolatrous worship will not continue, but the word of the Lord will endure for ever. The prediction plainly declared that the family of David would continue, and support true religion, when the ten tribes would not be able to resist them. If God, in justice, harden the hearts of sinners, so that the hand they have stretched out in sin they cannot pull in again by repentance, that is a spiritual judgment, represented by this, and much more dreadful. Jeroboam looked for help, not from his calves, but from God only, from his power, and his favour. The time may come when those that hate the preaching, would be glad of the prayers of faithful ministers. Jeroboam does not desire the prophet to pray that his sin might be pardoned, and his heart changed, but only that his hand might be restored. He seemed affected for the present with both the judgment and the mercy, but the impression wore off. God forbade his messenger to eat or drink in Bethel, to show his detestation of their idolatry and apostacy from God, and to teach us not to have fellowship with the works of darkness. Those have not learned self-denial, who cannot forbear one forbidden meal.
vv11-22
The old prophet's conduct proves that he was not really a godly man. When the change took place under Jeroboam, he preferred his ease and interest to his religion. He took a very bad method to bring the good prophet back. It was all a lie. Believers are most in danger of being drawn from their duty by plausible pretences of holiness. We may wonder that the wicked prophet went unpunished, while the holy man of God was suddenly and severely punished. What shall we make of this? The judgments of God are beyond our power to fathom; and there is a judgment to come. Nothing can excuse any act of wilful disobedience. This shows what they must expect who hearken to the great deceiver. They that yield to him as a tempter, will be terrified by him as a tormentor. Those whom he now fawns upon, he will afterwards fly upon; and whom he draws into sin, he will try to drive to despair.
vv23-34
God is displeased at the sins of his own people; and no man shall be protected in disobedience, by his office, his nearness to God, or any services he has done for him. God warns all whom he employs, strictly to observe their orders. We cannot judge of men by their sufferings, nor of sins by present punishments; with some, the flesh is destroyed, that the spirit may be saved; with others, the flesh is pampered, that the soul may ripen for hell. Jeroboam returned not from his evil way. He promised himself that the calves would secure the crown to his family, but they lost it, and sunk his family. Those betray themselves who think to support themselves by any sin whatever. Let us dread prospering in sinful ways; pray to be kept from every delusion and temptation, and to be enabled to walk with self-denying perseverance in the way of God's commands.
Key Words
הִנֵּה: lo!
אִישׁ: a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
אֱלֹהִים: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference to magistrates; and sometimes as a superlative
בּוֹא: to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
מִן: properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
יְהוּדָה: Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
דָּבָר: a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
בֵּית־אֵל: Beth-El, a place in Palestine
יָרׇבְעָם: Jarobam, the name of two Israelite kings
עָמַד: to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)
Cross References
1 Kings 13Direct historical fulfillment of the prophecy naming Josiah and burning priests' bones on Bethel's altar.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Josiah spares the tomb containing the bones of both the Judean and Bethel prophets.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Josiah fulfills the prediction by burning the bones of idolatrous priests on their altars.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Tests of true prophets; warning against following signs that contradict God's clear direct commands.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Verifies that the forest region near Bethel was famously infested with wild beasts.
Supported by JFB
Jeroboam's persistent, unlawful appointment of non-Levitical priests from the lowest of the people.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallels Pharaoh asking Moses to entreat Yahweh, seeking relief from physical judgment without repentance.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Underscores that absolute obedience to God's specific commands is better than any sacrifice.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The fulfillment of the judgment to cut off and completely destroy Jeroboam's lineage.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Balaam's similar verbal refusal to disobey God's command for half a house of gold.
Supported by Matthew Henry
New Testament warning against accepting a contradictory message, even if delivered by an angel.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Illustrates the traditional Near Eastern lamentation formula, 'Alas, my brother!' used for mourning.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Establishes the context of Jeroboam's self-appointed feast at Bethel where he offered incense.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Contrast where Christ miraculously restores a withered hand, unlike Jeroboam's judgment.
Supported by Matthew Poole