Ezekiel30
New International Version
1The word of the Lord came to me:
2“Son of man, prophesy and say: ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: “‘Wail and say, “Alas for that day!”
3For the day is near, the day of the Lord is near— a day of clouds, a time of doom for the nations.
4A sword will come against Egypt, and anguish will come upon Cush. When the slain fall in Egypt, her wealth will be carried away and her foundations torn down.
5Cush and Libya, Lydia and all Arabia, Kub and the people of the covenant land will fall by the sword along with Egypt.
6“‘This is what the Lord says: “‘The allies of Egypt will fall and her proud strength will fail. From Migdol to Aswan they will fall by the sword within her, declares the Sovereign Lord.
7“‘They will be desolate among desolate lands, and their cities will lie among ruined cities.
8Then they will know that I am the Lord, when I set fire to Egypt and all her helpers are crushed.
9“‘On that day messengers will go out from me in ships to frighten Cush out of her complacency. Anguish will take hold of them on the day of Egypt’s doom, for it is sure to come.
10“‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: “‘I will put an end to the hordes of Egypt by the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon.
11He and his army—the most ruthless of nations— will be brought in to destroy the land. They will draw their swords against Egypt and fill the land with the slain.
12I will dry up the waters of the Nile and sell the land to an evil nation; by the hand of foreigners I will lay waste the land and everything in it. I the Lord have spoken.
13“‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: “‘I will destroy the idols and put an end to the images in Memphis. No longer will there be a prince in Egypt, and I will spread fear throughout the land.
14I will lay waste Upper Egypt, set fire to Zoan and inflict punishment on Thebes.
15I will pour out my wrath on Pelusium, the stronghold of Egypt, and wipe out the hordes of Thebes.
16I will set fire to Egypt; Pelusium will writhe in agony. Thebes will be taken by storm; Memphis will be in constant distress.
17The young men of Heliopolis and Bubastis will fall by the sword, and the cities themselves will go into captivity.
18Dark will be the day at Tahpanhes when I break the yoke of Egypt; there her proud strength will come to an end. She will be covered with clouds, and her villages will go into captivity.
19So I will inflict punishment on Egypt, and they will know that I am the Lord.’”
20In the eleventh year, in the first month on the seventh day, the word of the Lord came to me:
21“Son of man, I have broken the arm of Pharaoh king of Egypt. It has not been bound up to be healed or put in a splint so that it may become strong enough to hold a sword.
22Therefore this is what the Sovereign Lord says: I am against Pharaoh king of Egypt. I will break both his arms, the good arm as well as the broken one, and make the sword fall from his hand.
23I will disperse the Egyptians among the nations and scatter them through the countries.
24I will strengthen the arms of the king of Babylon and put my sword in his hand, but I will break the arms of Pharaoh, and he will groan before him like a mortally wounded man.
25I will strengthen the arms of the king of Babylon, but the arms of Pharaoh will fall limp. Then they will know that I am the Lord, when I put my sword into the hand of the king of Babylon and he brandishes it against Egypt.
26I will disperse the Egyptians among the nations and scatter them through the countries. Then they will know that I am the Lord.”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Ezekiel 30.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: A prophecy against Egypt. (1-19). Another. (20-26).
vv1-19
The prophecy of the destruction of Egypt is very full. Those who take their lot with God's enemies, shall be with them in punishment. The king of Babylon and his army shall be instruments of this destruction. God often makes one wicked man a scourge to another. No place in the land of Egypt shall escape the fury of the Chaldeans. The Lord is known by the judgments he executes. Yet these are only present effects of the Divine displeasure, not worthy of our fear, compared with the wrath to come, from which Jesus delivers his people.
vv20-26
Egypt shall grow weaker and weaker. If lesser judgments do not prevail to humble and reform sinners, God will send greater. God justly breaks that power which is abused, either to put wrongs upon people, or to put cheats upon them. Babylon shall grow stronger. In vain do men endeavour to bind up the arm the Lord is pleased to break, and to strengthen those whom he will bring down. Those who disregard the discoveries of his truth and mercy, shall know his power and justice, in the punishment for their sins.
Key Words
דָּבָר: a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
אָמַר: to say (used with great latitude)
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
אָדָם: ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
נָבָא: to prophesy, i.e. speak (or sing) by inspiration (in prediction or simple discourse)
כֹּה: properly, like this, i.e. by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
אֲדֹנָי: the Lord (used as a proper name of God only)
יָלַל: to howl (with a wailing tone) or yell (with a boisterous one)
הָהּ: ah! expressing grief
יוֹם: a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb)
Cross References
Ezekiel 30Messengers going in ships/vessels of bulrushes up the Nile to warn the Ethiopians of judgment.
Supported by JFB
Prophecy of the drying up of the rivers of Egypt and the resulting national ruin.
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Identifies the same foreign mercenary troops (Ethiopians, Libyans, Lydians) allied with and defending Egypt.
Supported by Poole, JFB
Parallels Ezekiel's prediction of the destruction of Egypt's false gods and idols by Babylon.
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Tehaphnehes (Daphne) noted as a royal residence where Pharaoh's yoke is broken.
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Pharaoh's arm is broken beyond healing, using the same metaphor of ineffective medicines.
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Ezekiel 30:1-19 serves as a repetition and expansion of the earlier doom of Egypt.
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Mentions the 'mingled people' falling under the cup of God's wrath alongside Egypt.
Supported by Poole, JFB
Defines the geographical limits of Egypt's ruin 'from the tower of Syene'.
Supported by Poole, JFB
The Lord's arrival in Egypt causes the idols of Egypt to move and diminish.
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Historical fulfillment: Pharaoh's army fails to assist Jerusalem, retreating to Egypt with broken power.
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The 'day of the Lord' as a near day of destruction from the Almighty.
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Aven (On/Heliopolis) identified with Beth-shemesh and its idolatrous pillars to be destroyed.
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The Lord breaks the arms of the wicked but upholds the righteous.
Supported by Matthew Henry