Joshua 15NIV
Books
All books

Joshua15

New International Version

1The allotment for the tribe of Judah, according to its clans, extended down to the territory of Edom, to the Desert of Zin in the extreme south.

2Their southern boundary started from the bay at the southern end of the Dead Sea,

3crossed south of Scorpion Pass, continued on to Zin and went over to the south of Kadesh Barnea. Then it ran past Hezron up to Addar and curved around to Karka.

4It then passed along to Azmon and joined the Wadi of Egypt, ending at the Mediterranean Sea. This is their southern boundary.

5The eastern boundary is the Dead Sea as far as the mouth of the Jordan. The northern boundary started from the bay of the sea at the mouth of the Jordan,

6went up to Beth Hoglah and continued north of Beth Arabah to the Stone of Bohan son of Reuben.

7The boundary then went up to Debir from the Valley of Achor and turned north to Gilgal, which faces the Pass of Adummim south of the gorge. It continued along to the waters of En Shemesh and came out at En Rogel.

8Then it ran up the Valley of Ben Hinnom along the southern slope of the Jebusite city (that is, Jerusalem). From there it climbed to the top of the hill west of the Hinnom Valley at the northern end of the Valley of Rephaim.

9From the hilltop the boundary headed toward the spring of the waters of Nephtoah, came out at the towns of Mount Ephron and went down toward Baalah (that is, Kiriath Jearim).

10Then it curved westward from Baalah to Mount Seir, ran along the northern slope of Mount Jearim (that is, Kesalon), continued down to Beth Shemesh and crossed to Timnah.

11It went to the northern slope of Ekron, turned toward Shikkeron, passed along to Mount Baalah and reached Jabneel. The boundary ended at the sea.

12The western boundary is the coastline of the Mediterranean Sea. These are the boundaries around the people of Judah by their clans.

13In accordance with the Lord’s command to him, Joshua gave to Caleb son of Jephunneh a portion in Judah—Kiriath Arba, that is, Hebron. (Arba was the forefather of Anak.)

14From Hebron Caleb drove out the three Anakites—Sheshai, Ahiman and Talmai, the sons of Anak.

15From there he marched against the people living in Debir (formerly called Kiriath Sepher).

16And Caleb said, “I will give my daughter Aksah in marriage to the man who attacks and captures Kiriath Sepher.”

17Othniel son of Kenaz, Caleb’s brother, took it; so Caleb gave his daughter Aksah to him in marriage.

18One day when she came to Othniel, she urged him to ask her father for a field. When she got off her donkey, Caleb asked her, “What can I do for you?”

19She replied, “Do me a special favor. Since you have given me land in the Negev, give me also springs of water.” So Caleb gave her the upper and lower springs.

20This is the inheritance of the tribe of Judah, according to its clans:

21The southernmost towns of the tribe of Judah in the Negev toward the boundary of Edom were: Kabzeel, Eder, Jagur,

22Kinah, Dimonah, Adadah,

23Kedesh, Hazor, Ithnan,

24Ziph, Telem, Bealoth,

25Hazor Hadattah, Kerioth Hezron (that is, Hazor),

26Amam, Shema, Moladah,

27Hazar Gaddah, Heshmon, Beth Pelet,

28Hazar Shual, Beersheba, Biziothiah,

29Baalah, Iyim, Ezem,

30Eltolad, Kesil, Hormah,

31Ziklag, Madmannah, Sansannah,

32Lebaoth, Shilhim, Ain and Rimmon—a total of twenty-nine towns and their villages.

33In the western foothills: Eshtaol, Zorah, Ashnah,

34Zanoah, En Gannim, Tappuah, Enam,

35Jarmuth, Adullam, Sokoh, Azekah,

36Shaaraim, Adithaim and Gederah (or Gederothaim)—fourteen towns and their villages.

37Zenan, Hadashah, Migdal Gad,

38Dilean, Mizpah, Joktheel,

39Lachish, Bozkath, Eglon,

40Kabbon, Lahmas, Kitlish,

41Gederoth, Beth Dagon, Naamah and Makkedah—sixteen towns and their villages.

42Libnah, Ether, Ashan,

43Iphtah, Ashnah, Nezib,

44Keilah, Akzib and Mareshah—nine towns and their villages.

45Ekron, with its surrounding settlements and villages;

46west of Ekron, all that were in the vicinity of Ashdod, together with their villages;

47Ashdod, its surrounding settlements and villages; and Gaza, its settlements and villages, as far as the Wadi of Egypt and the coastline of the Mediterranean Sea.

48In the hill country: Shamir, Jattir, Sokoh,

49Dannah, Kiriath Sannah (that is, Debir),

50Anab, Eshtemoh, Anim,

51Goshen, Holon and Giloh—eleven towns and their villages.

52Arab, Dumah, Eshan,

53Janim, Beth Tappuah, Aphekah,

54Humtah, Kiriath Arba (that is, Hebron) and Zior—nine towns and their villages.

55Maon, Carmel, Ziph, Juttah,

56Jezreel, Jokdeam, Zanoah,

57Kain, Gibeah and Timnah—ten towns and their villages.

58Halhul, Beth Zur, Gedor,

59Maarath, Beth Anoth and Eltekon—six towns and their villages.

60Kiriath Baal (that is, Kiriath Jearim) and Rabbah—two towns and their villages.

61In the wilderness: Beth Arabah, Middin, Sekakah,

62Nibshan, the City of Salt and En Gedi—six towns and their villages.

63Judah could not dislodge the Jebusites, who were living in Jerusalem; to this day the Jebusites live there with the people of Judah.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Joshua 15.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The borders of the lot of Judah. (1–12). Caleb's portion, His daughter's blessing. (13–19). The cities of Judah. (20–63).

vv1-12

Joshua allotted to Judah, Ephraim, and the half of Manasseh, their inheritances before they left Gilgal. Afterwards removing to Shiloh, another survey was made, and the other tribes had their portion assigned. In due time all God's people are settled.

vv13-19

Achsah obtained some land by Caleb's free grant. He gave her a south land. Land indeed, but a south land, dry and apt to be parched. She obtained more, on her request, and he gave the upper and the nether springs. Those who understand it but of one field, watered both with the rain of heaven, and the springs that issued out of the earth, countenance the allusion commonly made to this, when we pray for spiritual and heavenly blessings which relate to our souls, as blessings of the upper springs, and those which relate to the body and the life that now is, as blessings of the nether springs. All the blessings, both of the upper and the nether springs, belong to the children of God. As related to Christ, they have them freely given of the Father, for the lot of their inheritance.

vv20-63

Here is a list of the cities of Judah. But we do not here find Bethlehem, afterwards the city of David, and ennobled by the birth of our Lord Jesus in it. That city, which, at the best, was but little among the thousands of Judah, Mic 5:2, except that it was thus honoured, was now so little as not to be accounted one of the cities.

Key Words

allotmentH1486Hebrew

גּוֹרָל: properly, a pebble, i.e. a lot (small stones being used for that purpose); figuratively, a portion or destiny (as if determined by lot)

tribeH4294Hebrew

מַטֶּה: a branch (as extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for chastising (figuratively, correction), ruling (a sceptre), throwing (a lance), or walking (a staff; figuratively, a support of life, e.g. bread)

peopleH1121Hebrew

בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)

JudahH3063Hebrew

יְהוּדָה: Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory

clansH4940Hebrew

מִשְׁפָּחָה: a family, i.e. circle of relatives; figuratively, a class (of persons), a species (of animals) or sort (of things); by extension a tribe or people

southwardH5045Hebrew

נֶגֶב: the south (from its drought); specifically, the Negeb or southern district of Judah, occasionally, Egypt (as south to Palestine)

boundaryH1366Hebrew

גְּבוּל: properly, a cord (as twisted), i.e. (by implication) a boundary; by extension the territory inclosed

EdomH123Hebrew

אֱדֹם: Edom, the elder twin-brother of Jacob; hence the region (Idumaea) occupied by him

wildernessH4057Hebrew

מִדְבָּר: a pasture (i.e. open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert; also speech (including its organs)

ZinH6790Hebrew

צִן: Tsin, a part of the Desert

Cross References

Joshua 15
v1Numbers 34:3-5thematic

Directly corresponds to the southern border of Judah as originally detailed in Moses' boundary of the land.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v15Judges 1:11-13thematic

Parallel historical account of Caleb's conquest of Debir and Othniel winning Achsah as his wife.

Supported by JFB

v19Judges 1:14-15thematic

Verbatim parallel record of Achsah requesting the blessing of the upper and nether springs.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v63Judges 1:21thematic

Direct parallel recording Benjamin's similar failure to drive out the Jebusites from Jerusalem.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v13Joshua 14:6-15thematic

The background covenant and commandment where Caleb originally petitioned Joshua for the inheritance of Hebron.

Supported by JFB

v28Joshua 19:2thematic

Beer-sheba is transferred from Judah's lot to Simeon's inheritance as noted in Joshua 19:2.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v54Joshua 15:13thematic

Establishes Kirjath-arba (Hebron) as Caleb's portion given according to God's commandment.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v54Joshua 14:15thematic

Connects Kirjath-arba (Hebron) to its ancient namesake Arba, the great man among the Anakim.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v632 Samuel 5:6-9thematic

The historic fulfillment where David finally conquers the Jebusite stronghold of Jerusalem.

Parallel account of David and Joab taking the Jebusite castle at Jerusalem.

v8Joshua 18:16thematic

Parallel boundary marker of Benjamin, tracing the Valley of Hinnom in reverse direction.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v13Judges 1:20thematic

Records the fulfillment of Caleb taking Hebron and driving out the three sons of Anak.

Supported by JFB

v14Numbers 13:22thematic

Identifies the three Anakite chiefs—Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai—encountered during the original spying mission.

Supported by JFB

v30Joshua 19:4thematic

Hormah is later assigned to Simeon, illustrating that Judah's portion was later shared.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v31Joshua 19:5thematic

Ziklag is listed here for Judah but is later assigned to the tribe of Simeon.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v311 Samuel 27:6thematic

Ziklag, listed in Judah's cities, became a key royal city given to David.

v32Joshua 19:7thematic

Ain and Rimmon are also among the southern cities of Judah transferred to Simeon.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v47Numbers 34:5thematic

Corresponds to the southern border definition 'river of Egypt' and the Great Sea.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v49Joshua 15:15thematic

Identifies Kirjath-sannah (Debir) with its earlier narrative context and naming in this chapter.

Supported by JFB

v551 Samuel 25:2thematic

Mentions Maon and Carmel in Judah's highlands as the setting of Nabal's estate.

Supported by JFB

Identifies Kirjath-baal (Kirjath-jearim) as the place where the Ark of God was fetched.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v63Joshua 15:8thematic

Earlier mention in this chapter establishing that the border ran by the Jebusite city, Jerusalem.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v63Joshua 18:28thematic

Identifies Jebusi (Jerusalem) as belonging to Benjamin, explaining the joint tribal struggle.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v82 Kings 23:10thematic

The historical deterioration of the Valley of Hinnom (Topheth) under idolatry.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v161 Samuel 17:25thematic

Thematic parallel of a leader offering his daughter in marriage as a reward for military valor.

Supported by JFB

v17Judges 3:9thematic

Identifies Othniel as Caleb's younger brother who becomes Israel's first judge.

Supported by JFB

v21Nehemiah 11:25thematic

Several of these southern cities of Judah were resettled after the Babylonian exile.

v33Judges 13:25thematic

Eshtaol and Zorah, listed in Judah's valley, are crucial in Samson's history.

v35Nehemiah 11:30thematic

Adullam and Azekah were re-inhabited by the children of Judah after the captivity.

v351 Samuel 17:1thematic

Soco and Azekah are key defensive locations during David's battle with Goliath.

v351 Samuel 22:1thematic

The famous cave of Adullam was located at this city in the lowlands.

v441 Samuel 23:1thematic

Keilah, listed here in the lowland valley, is the site of David's battle against Philistines.

Supported by JFB

v44Micah 1:14thematic

Prophetic wordplay on Achzib as a lie to the kings of Israel.

Supported by JFB

v60Joshua 9:17thematic

Lists Kirjath-jearim as one of the four original Gibeonite confederate cities.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v61Joshua 15:6thematic

Identifies Beth-arabah on the northern border of Judah, also listed here as a wilderness city.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v621 Samuel 23:29thematic

Places En-gedi in the wilderness of Judah, where David fled from Saul.