Luke14
New King James Version
1Now it happened, as He went into the house of one of the rulers of the Pharisees to eat bread on the Sabbath, that they watched Him closely.
2And behold, there was a certain man before Him who had dropsy.
3And Jesus, answering, spoke to the lawyers and Pharisees, saying, “Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath?”
4But they kept silent. And He took him and healed him, and let him go.
5Then He answered them, saying, “Which of you, having a donkey or an ox that has fallen into a pit, will not immediately pull him out on the Sabbath day?”
6And they could not answer Him regarding these things.
7So He told a parable to those who were invited, when He noted how they chose the best places, saying to them:
8“When you are invited by anyone to a wedding feast, do not sit down in the best place, lest one more honorable than you be invited by him;
9and he who invited you and him come and say to you, ‘Give place to this man,’ and then you begin with shame to take the lowest place.
10But when you are invited, go and sit down in the lowest place, so that when he who invited you comes he may say to you, ‘Friend, go up higher.’ Then you will have glory in the presence of those who sit at the table with you.
11For whoever exalts himself will be humbled, and he who humbles himself will be exalted.”
12Then He also said to him who invited Him, “When you give a dinner or a supper, do not ask your friends, your brothers, your relatives, nor rich neighbors, lest they also invite you back, and you be repaid.
13But when you give a feast, invite the poor, the maimed, the lame, the blind.
14And you will be blessed, because they cannot repay you; for you shall be repaid at the resurrection of the just.”
15Now when one of those who sat at the table with Him heard these things, he said to Him, “Blessed is he who shall eat bread in the kingdom of God!”
16Then He said to him, “A certain man gave a great supper and invited many,
17and sent his servant at supper time to say to those who were invited, ‘Come, for all things are now ready.’
18But they all with one accord began to make excuses. The first said to him, ‘I have bought a piece of ground, and I must go and see it. I ask you to have me excused.’
19And another said, ‘I have bought five yoke of oxen, and I am going to test them. I ask you to have me excused.’
20Still another said, ‘I have married a wife, and therefore I cannot come.’
21So that servant came and reported these things to his master. Then the master of the house, being angry, said to his servant, ‘Go out quickly into the streets and lanes of the city, and bring in here the poor and the maimed and the lame and the blind.’
22And the servant said, ‘Master, it is done as you commanded, and still there is room.’
23Then the master said to the servant, ‘Go out into the highways and hedges, and compel them to come in, that my house may be filled.
24For I say to you that none of those men who were invited shall taste my supper.’ ”
25Now great multitudes went with Him. And He turned and said to them,
26“If anyone comes to Me and does not hate his father and mother, wife and children, brothers and sisters, yes, and his own life also, he cannot be My disciple.
27And whoever does not bear his cross and come after Me cannot be My disciple.
28For which of you, intending to build a tower, does not sit down first and count the cost, whether he has enough to finish it—
29lest, after he has laid the foundation, and is not able to finish, all who see it begin to mock him,
30saying, ‘This man began to build and was not able to finish’?
31Or what king, going to make war against another king, does not sit down first and consider whether he is able with ten thousand to meet him who comes against him with twenty thousand?
32Or else, while the other is still a great way off, he sends a delegation and asks conditions of peace.
33So likewise, whoever of you does not forsake all that he has cannot be My disciple.
34“Salt is good; but if the salt has lost its flavor, how shall it be seasoned?
35It is neither fit for the land nor for the dunghill, but men throw it out. He who has ears to hear, let him hear!”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Luke 14.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Christ heals a man on the sabbath. (1–6). He teaches humility. (7–14). Parable of the great supper. (15–24). The necessity of consideration and self-denial. (25–35).
vv1-6
This Pharisee, as well as others, seems to have had an ill design in entertaining Jesus at his house. But our Lord would not be hindered from healing a man, though he knew a clamour would be raised at his doing it on the sabbath. It requires care to understand the proper connexion between piety and charity in observing the sabbath, and the distinction between works of real necessity and habits of self-indulgence. Wisdom from above, teaches patient perseverance in well-doing.
vv7-14
Even in the common actions of life, Christ marks what we do, not only in our religious assemblies, but at our tables. We see in many cases, that a man's pride will bring him low, and before honour is humility. Our Saviour here teaches, that works of charity are better than works of show. But our Lord did not mean that a proud and unbelieving liberality should be rewarded, but that his precept of doing good to the poor and afflicted should be observed from love to him.
vv15-24
In this parable observe the free grace and mercy of God shining in the gospel of Christ, which will be food and a feast for the soul of a man that knows its own wants and miseries. All found some pretence to put off their attendance. This reproves the Jewish nation for their neglect of the offers of Christ's grace. It shows also the backwardness there is to close with the gospel call. The want of gratitude in those who slight gospel offers, and the contempt put upon the God of heaven thereby, justly provoke him. The apostles were to turn to the Gentiles, when the Jews refused the offer; and with them the church was filled. The provision made for precious souls in the gospel of Christ, has not been made in vain; for if some reject, others will thankfully accept the offer. The very poor and low in the world, shall be as welcome to Christ as the rich and great; and many times the gospel has the greatest success among those that labour under worldly disadvantages and bodily infirmities. Christ's house shall at last be filled; it will be so when the number of the elect is completed.
Key Words
σάββατον (sábbaton): the Sabbath (i.e. Shabbath), or day of weekly repose from secular avocations (also the observance or institution itself); by extension, a se'nnight, i.e. the interval between two Sabbaths; likewise the plural in all the above applications
ἐν (en): "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
αὐτός (autós): the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
ἔρχομαι (érchomai): to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
εἰς (eis): to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
οἶκος (oîkos): a dwelling (more or less extensive, literal or figurative); by implication, a family (more or less related, literally or figuratively)
τὶς (tìs): some or any person or object
ἄρχων (árchōn): a first (in rank or power)
Φαρισαῖος (Pharisaîos): a separatist, i.e. exclusively religious; a Pharisean, i.e. Jewish sectary
ἦν (ēn): I (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
Cross References
Luke 14Jesus reproduces and applies these Solomonic proverbs on humility and seat selection at feasts.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel criteria of discipleship: loving family less than Christ, and carrying one's cross.
Supported by John Calvin, JFB
The Old Testament prophetic background of the Lord's great messianic feast of fat things.
Supported by JFB
Highly parallel parable of the wedding feast and rejected invitations, culminating in wider outreach.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallel teaching on the danger of disciples becoming like tasteless, useless salt.
Supported by John Calvin
Identical Sabbath defense using the immediate rescue of domestic animals (ox or ass).
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identical proverbial maxim on self-exaltation leading to abasement, and humility to exaltation.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Levi's devotion is praised for disregarding parents and children in obedience to God's covenant.
Supported by John Calvin
Another instance where Pharisees watch Jesus and question whether healing on the Sabbath is lawful.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The exact same classes (poor, maimed, halt, blind) are invited to the great banquet.
Supported by JFB
Wisdom builds her house, prepares her feast, and sends out maidens to invite guests.
Supported by Matthew Henry
A historic fulfillment: Jewish rejection of the Gospel leads apostles to turn to the Gentiles.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Demonstrates the Semitic idiom where 'hated' denotes loving someone less than another (Leah vs. Rachel).
Supported by John Calvin
Paul warns that earthly relationships (like marrying a wife) must not hinder devotion to God.
Supported by JFB