1 Kings5
World English Bible · Public Domain
1Hiram king of Tyre sent his servants to Solomon, for he had heard that they had anointed him king in the place of his father, and Hiram had always loved David.
2Solomon sent to Hiram, saying,
3“You know that David my father could not build a house for the name of Yahweh his God because of the wars which were around him on every side, until Yahweh put his enemies under the soles of his feet.
4But now Yahweh my God has given me rest on every side. There is no enemy and no evil occurrence.
5Behold, I intend to build a house for the name of Yahweh my God, as Yahweh spoke to David my father, saying, ‘Your son, whom I will set on your throne in your place shall build the house for my name.’
6Now therefore command that cedar trees be cut for me out of Lebanon. My servants will be with your servants; and I will give you wages for your servants according to all that you say. For you know that there is nobody among us who knows how to cut timber like the Sidonians.”
7When Hiram heard the words of Solomon, he rejoiced greatly, and said, “Blessed is Yahweh today, who has given to David a wise son to rule over this great people.”
8Hiram sent to Solomon, saying, “I have heard the message which you have sent to me. I will do all your desire concerning timber of cedar, and concerning cypress timber.
9My servants will bring them down from Lebanon to the sea. I will make them into rafts to go by sea to the place that you specify to me, and will cause them to be broken up there, and you will receive them. You will accomplish my desire, in giving food for my household.”
10So Hiram gave Solomon cedar timber and cypress timber according to all his desire.
11Solomon gave Hiram twenty thousand cors of wheat for food to his household, and twenty cors of pure oil. Solomon gave this to Hiram year by year.
12Yahweh gave Solomon wisdom, as he promised him. There was peace between Hiram and Solomon, and the two of them made a treaty together.
13King Solomon raised a levy out of all Israel; and the levy was thirty thousand men.
14He sent them to Lebanon, ten thousand a month by courses: for a month they were in Lebanon, and two months at home; and Adoniram was over the men subject to forced labor.
15Solomon had seventy thousand who bore burdens, and eighty thousand who were stone cutters in the mountains,
16besides Solomon’s chief officers who were over the work: three thousand three hundred who ruled over the people who labored in the work.
17The king commanded, and they cut out large stones, costly stones, to lay the foundation of the house with worked stone.
18Solomon’s builders and Hiram’s builders and the Gebalites cut them, and prepared the timber and the stones to build the house.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 1 Kings 5.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Solomon's agreement with Hiram. (1–9). Solomon's workmen for the temple. (10–18).
vv1-9
Here is Solomon's design to build a temple. There is no adversary, no Satan, so the word is; no instrument of Satan to oppose it, or to divert from it. Satan does all he can, to hinder temple work. When there is no evil abroad, then let us be ready and active in that which is good, and get forward. Let God's promises quicken our endeavours. And all outward skill and advantages should be made serviceable to the interests of Christ's kingdom.—If Tyre supplies Israel with craftsmen, Israel will supply Tyre with corn, Eze 27:17. Thus, by the wise disposal of Providence, one country has need of another, and is benefitted by another, that there may be dependence on one another, to the glory of God.
vv10-18
The temple was chiefly built by the riches and labour of Gentiles, which typified their being called into the church. Solomon commanded, and they brought costly stones for the foundation. Christ, who is laid for a Foundation, is a chosen and precious Stone. We should lay our foundation firm, and bestow most pains on that part of our religion which lies out of the sight of men. And happy those who, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, for a habitation of God through the Spirit. Who among us will build in the house of the Lord?
Key Words
חִירָם: Chiram or Chirom, the name of two Tyrians
מֶלֶךְ: a king
צֹר: Tsor, a place in Palestine
שָׁלַח: to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
עֶבֶד: a servant
שְׁלֹמֹה: Shelomah, David's successor
שָׁמַע: to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
כִּי: (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
מָשַׁח: to rub with oil, i.e. to anoint; by implication, to consecrate; also to paint
תַּחַת: the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc.
Cross References
1 Kings 5Parallel account of Solomon's message to Hiram renewing his father David's relationship.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
David explains he could not build the temple because of wars, promising his peaceful son would.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Fulfillment of God's promise to David that his son would build the house.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Historical continuity of Tyre and Sidon being nourished by food from Israel's country.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Details the Canaanite forced labor draft, distinguishing them from Israel's free servants.
Supported by JFB
The choice, costly foundation stones typify Christ, the precious cornerstone laid in Zion.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallel account of Hiram's letter blessing the Lord for giving David a wise son.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Specifies Joppa as the destination port for the timber rafts from Lebanon.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Refers back to the historic 'brotherly covenant' made between Israel and Tyre.
Supported by JFB
David's preparation of foreign stonemasons to hew wrought stones for the temple.
Supported by JFB
Identifies the 'stone squarers' as the Giblites, inhabitants of Gebal.
Supported by JFB
Establishes Hiram's prior friendly alliance with David by building David's house.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Explains provisions sent to Hiram's workmen in contrast to his royal household.
Supported by JFB
Further details the levy of bondservice imposed on the remaining Amorites and Hittites.
Supported by JFB
New Testament application of the precious chief cornerstone in the spiritual house.
Supported by Matthew Henry