1 Kings5
New King James Version
1Now Hiram king of Tyre sent his servants to Solomon, because he heard that they had anointed him king in place of his father, for Hiram had always loved David.
2Then Solomon sent to Hiram, saying:
3You know how my father David could not build a house for the name of the Lord his God because of the wars which were fought against him on every side, until the Lord put his foes under the soles of his feet.
4But now the Lord my God has given me rest on every side; there is neither adversary nor evil occurrence.
5And behold, I propose to build a house for the name of the Lord my God, as the Lord spoke to my father David, saying, “Your son, whom I will set on your throne in your place, he shall build the house for My name.”
6Now therefore, command that they cut down cedars for me from Lebanon; and my servants will be with your servants, and I will pay you wages for your servants according to whatever you say. For you know there is none among us who has skill to cut timber like the Sidonians.
7So it was, when Hiram heard the words of Solomon, that he rejoiced greatly and said, Blessed be the Lord this day, for He has given David a wise son over this great people!
8Then Hiram sent to Solomon, saying: I have considered the message which you sent me, and I will do all you desire concerning the cedar and cypress logs.
9My servants shall bring them down from Lebanon to the sea; I will float them in rafts by sea to the place you indicate to me, and will have them broken apart there; then you can take them away. And you shall fulfill my desire by giving food for my household.
10Then Hiram gave Solomon cedar and cypress logs according to all his desire.
11And Solomon gave Hiram twenty thousand kors of wheat as food for his household, and twenty kors of pressed oil. Thus Solomon gave to Hiram year by year.
12So the Lord gave Solomon wisdom, as He had promised him; and there was peace between Hiram and Solomon, and the two of them made a treaty together.
13Then King Solomon raised up a labor force out of all Israel; and the labor force was thirty thousand men.
14And he sent them to Lebanon, ten thousand a month in shifts: they were one month in Lebanon and two months at home; Adoniram was in charge of the labor force.
15Solomon had seventy thousand who carried burdens, and eighty thousand who quarried stone in the mountains,
16besides three thousand three hundred from the chiefs of Solomon’s deputies, who supervised the people who labored in the work.
17And the king commanded them to quarry large stones, costly stones, and hewn stones, to lay the foundation of the temple.
18So Solomon’s builders, Hiram’s builders, and the Gebalites quarried them; and they prepared timber and stones to build the temple.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 1 Kings 5.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Solomon's agreement with Hiram. (1–9). Solomon's workmen for the temple. (10–18).
vv1-9
Here is Solomon's design to build a temple. There is no adversary, no Satan, so the word is; no instrument of Satan to oppose it, or to divert from it. Satan does all he can, to hinder temple work. When there is no evil abroad, then let us be ready and active in that which is good, and get forward. Let God's promises quicken our endeavours. And all outward skill and advantages should be made serviceable to the interests of Christ's kingdom.—If Tyre supplies Israel with craftsmen, Israel will supply Tyre with corn, Eze 27:17. Thus, by the wise disposal of Providence, one country has need of another, and is benefitted by another, that there may be dependence on one another, to the glory of God.
vv10-18
The temple was chiefly built by the riches and labour of Gentiles, which typified their being called into the church. Solomon commanded, and they brought costly stones for the foundation. Christ, who is laid for a Foundation, is a chosen and precious Stone. We should lay our foundation firm, and bestow most pains on that part of our religion which lies out of the sight of men. And happy those who, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, for a habitation of God through the Spirit. Who among us will build in the house of the Lord?
Key Words
חִירָם: Chiram or Chirom, the name of two Tyrians
מֶלֶךְ: a king
צֹר: Tsor, a place in Palestine
שָׁלַח: to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
עֶבֶד: a servant
שְׁלֹמֹה: Shelomah, David's successor
שָׁמַע: to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
כִּי: (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
מָשַׁח: to rub with oil, i.e. to anoint; by implication, to consecrate; also to paint
תַּחַת: the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc.
Cross References
1 Kings 5Parallel account of Solomon's message to Hiram renewing his father David's relationship.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
David explains he could not build the temple because of wars, promising his peaceful son would.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Fulfillment of God's promise to David that his son would build the house.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Historical continuity of Tyre and Sidon being nourished by food from Israel's country.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Details the Canaanite forced labor draft, distinguishing them from Israel's free servants.
Supported by JFB
The choice, costly foundation stones typify Christ, the precious cornerstone laid in Zion.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallel account of Hiram's letter blessing the Lord for giving David a wise son.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Specifies Joppa as the destination port for the timber rafts from Lebanon.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Refers back to the historic 'brotherly covenant' made between Israel and Tyre.
Supported by JFB
David's preparation of foreign stonemasons to hew wrought stones for the temple.
Supported by JFB
Identifies the 'stone squarers' as the Giblites, inhabitants of Gebal.
Supported by JFB
Establishes Hiram's prior friendly alliance with David by building David's house.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Explains provisions sent to Hiram's workmen in contrast to his royal household.
Supported by JFB
Further details the levy of bondservice imposed on the remaining Amorites and Hittites.
Supported by JFB
New Testament application of the precious chief cornerstone in the spiritual house.
Supported by Matthew Henry