Acts 12ASV
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Acts12

American Standard Version · Public Domain

1Now about that time Herod the king put forth his hands to afflict certain of the church.

2And he killed James the brother of John with the sword.

3And when he saw that it pleased the Jews, he proceeded to seize Peter also. And those were the days of unleavened bread.

4And when he had taken him, he put him in prison, and delivered him to four quaternions of soldiers to guard him; intending after the Passover to bring him forth to the people.

5Peter therefore was kept in the prison: but prayer was made earnestly of the church unto God for him.

6And when Herod was about to bring him forth, the same night Peter was sleeping between two soldiers, bound with two chains: and guards before the door kept the prison.

7And behold, an angel of the Lord stood by him, and a light shined in the cell: and he smote Peter on the side, and awoke him, saying, Rise up quickly. And his chains fell off from his hands.

8And the angel said unto him, Gird thyself, and bind on thy sandals. And he did so. And he saith unto him, Cast thy garment about thee, and follow me.

9And he went out, and followed; and he knew not that it was true which was done by the angel, but thought he saw a vision.

10And when they were past the first and the second guard, they came unto the iron gate that leadeth into the city; which opened to them of its own accord: and they went out, and passed on through one street; and straightway the angel departed from him.

11And when Peter was come to himself, he said, Now I know of a truth, that the Lord hath sent forth his angel and delivered me out of the hand of Herod, and from all the expectation of the people of the Jews.

12And when he had considered the thing, he came to the house of Mary the mother of John whose surname was Mark; where many were gathered together and were praying.

13And when he knocked at the door of the gate, a maid came to answer, named Rhoda.

14And when she knew Peter’s voice, she opened not the gate for joy, but ran in, and told that Peter stood before the gate.

15And they said unto her, Thou art mad. But she confidently affirmed that it was even so. And they said, It is his angel.

16But Peter continued knocking: and when they had opened, they saw him, and were amazed.

17But he, beckoning unto them with the hand to hold their peace, declared unto them how the Lord had brought him forth out of the prison. And he said, Tell these things unto James, and to the brethren. And he departed, and went to another place.

18Now as soon as it was day, there was no small stir among the soldiers, what was become of Peter.

19And when Herod had sought for him, and found him not, he examined the guards, and commanded that they should be put to death. And he went down from Judaea to Caesarea, and tarried there.

20Now he was highly displeased with them of Tyre and Sidon: and they came with one accord to him, and, having made Blastus the king’s chamberlain their friend, they asked for peace, because their country was fed from the king’s country.

21And upon a set day Herod arrayed himself in royal apparel, and sat on the throne, and made an oration unto them.

22And the people shouted, saying, The voice of a god, and not of a man.

23And immediately an angel of the Lord smote him, because he gave not God the glory: and he was eaten of worms, and gave up the ghost.

24But the word of God grew and multiplied.

25And Barnabas and Saul returned from Jerusalem, when they had fulfilled their ministration, taking with them John whose surname was Mark.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Acts 12.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The martyrdom of James, and the imprisonment of Peter. (1–5). He is delivered from prison by an angel. (6–11). Peter departs, Herod's rage. (12–19). The death of Herod. (20–25).

vv1-5

James was one of the sons of Zebedee, whom Christ told that they should drink of the cup that he was to drink of, and be baptized with the baptism that he was to be baptized with, Mt 20:23. Now the words of Christ were made good in him; and if we suffer with Christ, we shall reign with him. Herod imprisoned Peter: the way of persecution, as of other sins, is downhill; when men are in it, they cannot easily stop. Those make themselves an easy prey to Satan, who make it their business to please men. Thus James finished his course. But Peter, being designed for further services, was safe; though he seemed now marked out for a speedy sacrifice. We that live in a cold, prayerless generation, can hardly form an idea of the earnestness of these holy men of old. But if the Lord should bring on the church an awful persecution like this of Herod, the faithful in Christ would learn what soul-felt prayer is.

vv6-11

A peaceful conscience, a lively hope, and the consolations of the Holy Spirit, can keep men calm in the full prospect of death; even those very persons who have been most distracted with terrors on that account. God's time to help, is when things are brought to the last extremity. Peter was assured that the Lord would cause this trial to end in the way that should be most for his glory. Those who are delivered out of spiritual imprisonment must follow their Deliverer, like the Israelites when they went out of the house of bondage. They knew not whither they went, but knew whom they followed. When God will work salvation for his people, all difficulties in their way will be overcome, even gates of iron are made to open of their own accord. This deliverance of Peter represents our redemption by Christ, which not only proclaims liberty to the captives, but brings them out of the prison-house. Peter, when he recollected himself, perceived what great things God had done for him. Thus souls delivered out of spiritual bondage, are not at first aware what God has wrought in them; many have the truth of grace, that want evidence of it. But when the Comforter comes, whom the Father will send, sooner or later, he will let them know what a blessed change is wrought.

vv12-19

God's providence leaves room for the use of our prudence, though he has undertaken to perform and perfect what he has begun. These Christians continued in prayer for Peter, for they were truly in earnest. Thus men ought always to pray, and not to faint. As long as we are kept waiting for a mercy, we must continue praying for it. But sometimes that which we most earnestly wish for, we are most backward to believe. The Christian law of self-denial and of suffering for Christ, has not done away the natural law of caring for our own safety by lawful means. In times of public danger, all believers have God for their hiding-place; which is so secret, that the world cannot find them. Also, the instruments of persecution are themselves exposed to danger; the wrath of God hangs over all that engage in this hateful work. And the range of persecutors often vents itself on all in its way.

Cross References

Acts 12
v2Matthew 20:23fulfillment

Fulfills Christ's prediction that James would indeed drink of the cup of martyrdom.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v15Matthew 18:10allusion

Echoes Jewish beliefs about individual guardian angels, as seen in the disciples' reaction: 'It is his angel.'

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v7Acts 5:19thematic

An earlier parallel where an angel of the Lord miraculously opened the prison doors for the apostles.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v201 Kings 5:9-11thematic

Illustrates the historic economic dependence of Tyre and Sidon on Israel's agricultural exports.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v23Daniel 4:30-37thematic

Demonstrates God's immediate judgment on pagan rulers who claim divine honor and prideful sovereignty.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v5Hebrews 13:3thematic

Exhorts believers to remember those in prison as if they were bound with them.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v12Acts 15:37-39thematic

Introduces John Mark, whose mother's home was the prayer meeting site, foreshadowing future ministry division.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v12Acts 12:25thematic

Identifies John Mark, the son of Mary, who joins Barnabas and Saul on their return.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v23Exodus 12:23thematic

Connects the angel of the Lord bringing judgment to the historical Passover context of the chapter.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Highlights the principle of divine intervention when his people's power is completely gone.

Supported by JFB

v25Acts 11:29thematic

Refers to the relief ministry just fulfilled by Barnabas and Saul in Jerusalem before returning.

Supported by John Calvin

v8Mark 6:9thematic

The angel's specific instruction to wear sandals matches the simple provisions of the apostolic mission.

Supported by JFB