Isaiah 13ESV
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Isaiah13

English Standard Version

1The concerning the of .

2 a a ; to them; the for them to the of the .

3I myself have my , and have my to execute my , my .

4The of a is on the of a ! The of an of , of gathering ! The Lord of is a for .

5They a , the of the , the Lord and the of his , to the .

6 , the of the Lord is ; as from the it will !

7 will be , and will .

8They will be : and will them; they will be in like a . They will at ; their will be .

9 , the of the Lord , , with and , to the a and to its it.

10 the of the and their will their ; the will be at its , and the will its .

11I will for its , for their ; I will to the of the , and lay the of the .

12I will , and the of .

13 I will the , and the will be of its , at the of the Lord of in the of his .

14And like a , or like with to them, will to his own , and will to his own .

15 is will be , and is caught will by the .

16Their will be dashed in before their ; their will be and their .

17 , I am the them, have for and do in .

18Their will the ; they will have the of the ; their will .

19And , the of , the and of the , will be like and when them.

20It will be ; will pitch his ; will make their flocks .

21But will , and their will be of ; will , and there will .

22 will in its , and in the ; its is at and its will be .

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 13.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The armies of God's wrath. (1-5). The conquest of Babylon. (6-18). Its final desolation. (19-22).

vv1-5

The threatenings of God's word press heavily upon the wicked, and are a sore burden, too heavy for them to bear. The persons brought together to lay Babylon waste, are called God's sanctified or appointed ones; designed for this service, and made able to do it. They are called God's mighty ones, because they had their might from God, and were now to use it for him. They come from afar. God can make those a scourge and ruin to his enemies, who are farthest off, and therefore least dreaded.

vv6-18

We have here the terrible desolation of Babylon by the Medes and Persians. Those who in the day of their peace were proud, and haughty, and terrible, are quite dispirited when trouble comes. Their faces shall be scorched with the flame. All comfort and hope shall fail. The stars of heaven shall not give their light, the sun shall be darkened. Such expressions are often employed by the prophets, to describe the convulsions of governments. God will visit them for their iniquity, particularly the sin of pride, which brings men low. There shall be a general scene of horror. Those who join themselves to Babylon, must expect to share her plagues, Rev. 18:4. All that men have, they would give for their lives, but no man's riches shall be the ransom of his life. Pause here and wonder that men should be thus cruel and inhuman, and see how corrupt the nature of man is become. And that little infants thus suffer, which shows that there is an original guilt, by which life is forfeited as soon as it is begun. The day of the Lord will, indeed, be terrible with wrath and fierce anger, far beyond all here stated. Nor will there be any place for the sinner to flee to, or attempt an escape. But few act as though they believed these things.

vv19-22

Babylon was a noble city; yet it should be wholly destroyed. None shall dwell there. It shall be a haunt for wild beasts. All this is fulfilled. The fate of this proud city is a proof of the truth of the Bible, and an emblem of the approaching ruin of the New Testament Babylon; a warning to sinners to flee from the wrath to come, and it encourages believers to expect victory over every enemy of their souls, and of the church of God. The whole world changes and is liable to decay. Wherefore let us give diligence to obtain a kingdom which cannot be moved; and in this hope let us hold fast that grace whereby we may serve God acceptably with reverence and godly fear.

Cross References

Isaiah 13
v10Matthew 24:29thematic

Jesus uses the same celestial/cosmic collapse imagery for His final coming as Isa 13 uses for Babylon.

Supported by JFB

Parallels the comparison of Babylon's destruction to Sodom and Gomorrah and the description of cruel conquerors.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v7Daniel 5:30fulfillment

Fulfillment of Babylon's sudden fear and defeat on the night of Belshazzar's feast.

Supported by JFB

Uses the identical metaphor of labor pains coming suddenly upon those expecting peace.

Supported by JFB

v10Joel 2:31thematic

Prophetic parallel of the darkening of the sun and moon in the day of the Lord.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v21Revelation 18:2thematic

The final desolation of mystical Babylon as a haunt of unclean spirits and doleful creatures.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v2Isaiah 5:26thematic

Isaiah's parallel banner-raising/hissing imagery used to summon distant nations for divine judgment.

Supported by JFB

v3Joel 3:11thematic

The Hebrew for preparation of war is 'sanctify' war, matching God's 'sanctified ones' for judgment.

Supported by JFB

v7Jeremiah 50:43thematic

Direct parallel describing the king of Babylon's hands growing feeble and pain taking hold.

Supported by JFB

v17Jeremiah 51:11thematic

Explicitly names the Medes as the instruments stirred up by God to destroy Babylon.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v19Genesis 19:24thematic

The ultimate archetype of complete, irreversible desolation by divine judgment.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v5Isaiah 10:5thematic

Establishes foreign conquerors as merely the 'rod' and 'weapons' of God's indignation.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v8Nahum 2:10thematic

Parallels the melting of hearts and faces gathering blackness/flames under terror.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v10Joel 2:10thematic

Prophetic description of the heavens shaking, and stars and sun withdrawing their shining.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v17Proverbs 6:35thematic

Illustrates the unsparing nature of the Medes who will not regard any silver or gold ransom.

Supported by Matthew Poole