Isaiah 13NIV
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Isaiah13

New International Version

1A prophecy against Babylon that Isaiah son of Amoz saw:

2Raise a banner on a bare hilltop, shout to them; beckon to them to enter the gates of the nobles.

3I have commanded those I prepared for battle; I have summoned my warriors to carry out my wrath— those who rejoice in my triumph.

4Listen, a noise on the mountains, like that of a great multitude! Listen, an uproar among the kingdoms, like nations massing together! The Lord Almighty is mustering an army for war.

5They come from faraway lands, from the ends of the heavens— the Lord and the weapons of his wrath— to destroy the whole country.

6Wail, for the day of the Lord is near; it will come like destruction from the Almighty.

7Because of this, all hands will go limp, every heart will melt with fear.

8Terror will seize them, pain and anguish will grip them; they will writhe like a woman in labor. They will look aghast at each other, their faces aflame.

9See, the day of the Lord is coming —a cruel day, with wrath and fierce anger— to make the land desolate and destroy the sinners within it.

10The stars of heaven and their constellations will not show their light. The rising sun will be darkened and the moon will not give its light.

11I will punish the world for its evil, the wicked for their sins. I will put an end to the arrogance of the haughty and will humble the pride of the ruthless.

12I will make people scarcer than pure gold, more rare than the gold of Ophir.

13Therefore I will make the heavens tremble; and the earth will shake from its place at the wrath of the Lord Almighty, in the day of his burning anger.

14Like a hunted gazelle, like sheep without a shepherd, they will all return to their own people, they will flee to their native land.

15Whoever is captured will be thrust through; all who are caught will fall by the sword.

16Their infants will be dashed to pieces before their eyes; their houses will be looted and their wives violated.

17See, I will stir up against them the Medes, who do not care for silver and have no delight in gold.

18Their bows will strike down the young men; they will have no mercy on infants, nor will they look with compassion on children.

19Babylon, the jewel of kingdoms, the pride and glory of the Babylonians, will be overthrown by God like Sodom and Gomorrah.

20She will never be inhabited or lived in through all generations; there no nomads will pitch their tents, there no shepherds will rest their flocks.

21But desert creatures will lie there, jackals will fill her houses; there the owls will dwell, and there the wild goats will leap about.

22Hyenas will inhabit her strongholds, jackals her luxurious palaces. Her time is at hand, and her days will not be prolonged.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 13.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The armies of God's wrath. (1-5). The conquest of Babylon. (6-18). Its final desolation. (19-22).

vv1-5

The threatenings of God's word press heavily upon the wicked, and are a sore burden, too heavy for them to bear. The persons brought together to lay Babylon waste, are called God's sanctified or appointed ones; designed for this service, and made able to do it. They are called God's mighty ones, because they had their might from God, and were now to use it for him. They come from afar. God can make those a scourge and ruin to his enemies, who are farthest off, and therefore least dreaded.

vv6-18

We have here the terrible desolation of Babylon by the Medes and Persians. Those who in the day of their peace were proud, and haughty, and terrible, are quite dispirited when trouble comes. Their faces shall be scorched with the flame. All comfort and hope shall fail. The stars of heaven shall not give their light, the sun shall be darkened. Such expressions are often employed by the prophets, to describe the convulsions of governments. God will visit them for their iniquity, particularly the sin of pride, which brings men low. There shall be a general scene of horror. Those who join themselves to Babylon, must expect to share her plagues, Rev. 18:4. All that men have, they would give for their lives, but no man's riches shall be the ransom of his life. Pause here and wonder that men should be thus cruel and inhuman, and see how corrupt the nature of man is become. And that little infants thus suffer, which shows that there is an original guilt, by which life is forfeited as soon as it is begun. The day of the Lord will, indeed, be terrible with wrath and fierce anger, far beyond all here stated. Nor will there be any place for the sinner to flee to, or attempt an escape. But few act as though they believed these things.

vv19-22

Babylon was a noble city; yet it should be wholly destroyed. None shall dwell there. It shall be a haunt for wild beasts. All this is fulfilled. The fate of this proud city is a proof of the truth of the Bible, and an emblem of the approaching ruin of the New Testament Babylon; a warning to sinners to flee from the wrath to come, and it encourages believers to expect victory over every enemy of their souls, and of the church of God. The whole world changes and is liable to decay. Wherefore let us give diligence to obtain a kingdom which cannot be moved; and in this hope let us hold fast that grace whereby we may serve God acceptably with reverence and godly fear.

Cross References

Isaiah 13
v10Matthew 24:29thematic

Jesus uses the same celestial/cosmic collapse imagery for His final coming as Isa 13 uses for Babylon.

Supported by JFB

Parallels the comparison of Babylon's destruction to Sodom and Gomorrah and the description of cruel conquerors.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v7Daniel 5:30fulfillment

Fulfillment of Babylon's sudden fear and defeat on the night of Belshazzar's feast.

Supported by JFB

Uses the identical metaphor of labor pains coming suddenly upon those expecting peace.

Supported by JFB

v10Joel 2:31thematic

Prophetic parallel of the darkening of the sun and moon in the day of the Lord.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v21Revelation 18:2thematic

The final desolation of mystical Babylon as a haunt of unclean spirits and doleful creatures.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v2Isaiah 5:26thematic

Isaiah's parallel banner-raising/hissing imagery used to summon distant nations for divine judgment.

Supported by JFB

v3Joel 3:11thematic

The Hebrew for preparation of war is 'sanctify' war, matching God's 'sanctified ones' for judgment.

Supported by JFB

v7Jeremiah 50:43thematic

Direct parallel describing the king of Babylon's hands growing feeble and pain taking hold.

Supported by JFB

v17Jeremiah 51:11thematic

Explicitly names the Medes as the instruments stirred up by God to destroy Babylon.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v19Genesis 19:24thematic

The ultimate archetype of complete, irreversible desolation by divine judgment.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v5Isaiah 10:5thematic

Establishes foreign conquerors as merely the 'rod' and 'weapons' of God's indignation.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v8Nahum 2:10thematic

Parallels the melting of hearts and faces gathering blackness/flames under terror.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v10Joel 2:10thematic

Prophetic description of the heavens shaking, and stars and sun withdrawing their shining.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v17Proverbs 6:35thematic

Illustrates the unsparing nature of the Medes who will not regard any silver or gold ransom.

Supported by Matthew Poole