1 Kings 16NASB
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1 Kings16

New American Standard

1Now the word of the Lord came to Jehu the son of Hanani against Baasha, saying,

2“Since I exalted you from the dust and made you leader over My people Israel, and you have walked in the way of Jeroboam and have misled My people Israel into sin, provoking Me to anger with their sins,

3behold, I am going to burn Baasha and his house, and I will make your house like the house of Jeroboam the son of Nebat.

4Anyone belonging to Baasha who dies in the city, the dogs will eat; and anyone belonging to him who dies in the field, the birds of the sky will eat.”

5Now as for the rest of the acts of Baasha and what he did and his might, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel?

6And Baasha lay down with his fathers and was buried in Tirzah, and his son Elah became king in his place.

7Moreover, the word of the Lord through the prophet Jehu the son of Hanani came against Baasha and his household, both because of all the evil that he did in the sight of the Lord, provoking Him to anger with the work of his hands, by being like the house of Jeroboam, and because he struck it.

8In the twenty-sixth year of Asa king of Judah, Elah the son of Baasha became king over Israel at Tirzah, and reigned for two years.

9And his servant Zimri, commander of half his chariots, conspired against him. Now Elah was in Tirzah drinking himself drunk in the house of Arza, who was in charge of the household in Tirzah.

10Then Zimri came in and struck him and put him to death in the twenty-seventh year of Asa king of Judah, and he became king in his place.

11And when he became king, as soon as he sat on his throne, he killed all the household of Baasha; he did not leave a single male alive, either of his relatives or of his friends.

12So Zimri eliminated all the household of Baasha, in accordance with the word of the Lord which He spoke against Baasha through Jehu the prophet,

13for all the sins of Baasha and the sins of his son Elah, which they committed and into which they misled Israel, provoking the Lord God of Israel to anger with their idols.

14Now as for the rest of the acts of Elah and all that he did, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel?

15In the twenty-seventh year of Asa king of Judah, Zimri reigned for seven days in Tirzah. Now the people were camped against Gibbethon, which belonged to the Philistines.

16And the people who were camped heard it being said, “Zimri has conspired and has also struck and killed the king!” Therefore all Israel made Omri, the commander of the army, king over Israel that day in the camp.

17Then Omri and all Israel with him went up from Gibbethon and besieged Tirzah.

18When Zimri saw that the city was taken, he went into the citadel of the king’s house and burned the king’s house over himself with fire, and died,

19because of his sins which he committed, doing evil in the sight of the Lord, walking in the way of Jeroboam, and in his sin which he committed, misleading Israel into sin.

20Now as for the rest of the acts of Zimri and his conspiracy which he carried out, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel?

21Then the people of Israel were divided into two parts: half of the people followed Tibni the son of Ginath, to make him king; the other half followed Omri.

22But the people who followed Omri prevailed over the people who followed Tibni the son of Ginath. And Tibni died and Omri became king.

23In the thirty-first year of Asa king of Judah, Omri became king over Israel and reigned for twelve years; he reigned for six years at Tirzah.

24And he purchased the hill Samaria from Shemer for two talents of silver; and he built on the hill, and named the city which he built Samaria, after the name of Shemer, the owner of the hill.

25Now Omri did evil in the sight of the Lord, and acted more wickedly than all who were before him.

26For he walked entirely in the way of Jeroboam the son of Nebat and in his sins into which he misled Israel, provoking the Lord God of Israel to anger with their idols.

27Now as for the rest of the acts of Omri which he did and his might which he displayed, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel?

28And Omri lay down with his fathers and was buried in Samaria; and his son Ahab became king in his place.

29Now Ahab the son of Omri became king over Israel in the thirty-eighth year of Asa king of Judah, and Ahab the son of Omri reigned over Israel in Samaria for twenty-two years.

30Ahab the son of Omri did evil in the sight of the Lord more than all who were before him.

31And as though it had been a trivial thing for him to walk in the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, he married Jezebel the daughter of Ethbaal king of the Sidonians, and went and served Baal, and worshiped him.

32So he erected an altar for Baal at the house of Baal, which he built in Samaria.

33Ahab also made the Asherah. So Ahab did more to provoke the Lord God of Israel to anger than all the kings of Israel who were before him.

34In his days Hiel the Bethelite rebuilt Jericho; he laid its foundations with the loss of Abiram his firstborn, and set up its gates with the loss of his youngest son Segub, in accordance with the word of the Lord, which He spoke by Joshua the son of Nun.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 1 Kings 16.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The reigns of Baasha and Elah in Israel. (1–14). Reigns of Zimri and Omri in Israel. (15–28). Ahab's wickedness, Hiel rebuilds Jericho. (29–34).

vv1-14

This chapter relates wholly to the kingdom of Israel, and the revolutions of that kingdom. God calls Israel his people still, though wretchedly corrupted. Jehu foretells the same destruction to come upon Baasha's family, which that king had been employed to bring upon the family of Jeroboam. Those who resemble others in their sins, may expect to resemble them in the plagues they suffer, especially those who seem zealous against such sins in others as they allow in themselves. Baasha himself dies in peace, and is buried with honour. Herein plainly appears that there are punishments after death, which are most to be dreaded. Let Elah be a warning to drunkards, who know not but death may surprise them. Death easily comes upon men when they are drunk. Besides the diseases which men bring themselves into by drinking, when in that state, men are easily overcome by an enemy, and liable to bad accidents. Death comes terribly upon men in such a state, finding them in the act of sin, and unfitted for any act of devotion; that day comes upon them unawares. The word of God was fulfilled, and the sins of Baasha and Elah were reckoned for, with which they provoked God. Their idols are called their vanities, for idols cannot profit nor help; miserable are those whose gods are vanities.

vv15-28

When men forsake God, they will be left to plague one another. Proud aspiring men ruin one another. Omri struggled with Tibni some years. Though we do not always understand the rules by which God governs nations and individuals in his providence, we may learn useful lessons from the history before us. When tyrants succeed each other, and massacres, conspiracies, and civil wars, we may be sure the Lord has a controversy with the people for their sins; they are loudly called to repent and reform. Omri made himself infamous by his wickedness. Many wicked men have been men of might and renown; have built cities, and their names are found in history; but they have no name in the book of life.

vv29-34

Ahab did evil above all that reigned before him, and did it with a particular enmity both against Jehovah and Israel. He was not satisfied with breaking the second commandment by image-worship, he broke the first by worshipping other gods: making light of lesser sins makes way for greater. Marriages with daring offenders also imbolden in wickedness, and hurry men on to the greatest excesses. One of Ahab's subjects, following the example of his presumption, ventured to build Jericho. Like Achan, he meddled with the accursed thing; turned that to his own use, which was devoted to God's honour: he began to build, in defiance of the curse well devoted to God's honour: he began to build, in defiance of the curse well known in Israel; but none ever hardened his heart against God, and prospered. Let the reading of this chapter cause us to mark the dreadful end of all the workers of iniquity. And what does the history of all ungodly men furnish, what ever rank or situation they move in, but sad examples of the same?

Cross References

1 Kings 16
v34Joshua 6:26fulfillment

Explicit fulfillment of Joshua's prophetic curse concerning the rebuilding of Jericho.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v31 Kings 14:10thematic

Direct parallel to the doom of Jeroboam's family, repeated verbatim against Baasha's house.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v41 Kings 14:11thematic

Identical judgment of being eaten by dogs and fowls pronounced on Jeroboam's house.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v21 Samuel 2:8allusion

Verbally echoes Hannah's song of God exalting the poor and lowly out of the dust.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Records Baasha's slaughter of Nadab (Jeroboam's son), for which he is here condemned.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Identifies Jehu the son of Hanani as a prominent prophet in Judah and Israel.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v25Micah 6:16thematic

Condemns Judah for keeping the wicked 'statutes of Omri' and works of Ahab.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v301 Kings 21:25thematic

Confirms Ahab as unparalleled in evil, incited by his wife Jezebel.

Supported by Matthew Henry

A warning parallel of a wicked man (Nabal) struck down by God while drinking.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v92 Kings 9:31thematic

Jezebel invokes Zimri's treason as a proverb for those who murder their masters.

Supported by JFB

v111 Kings 15:29thematic

Parallel execution of a royal dynasty without leaving any survivors.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v21 Kings 14:7thematic

Parallel language where God exalts a commoner to be prince over Israel.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v9Hosea 7:7thematic

Hosea's critique of northern kings devouring their rulers through persistent conspiracies.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Defines idols as 'vanities' that provoke the Lord to anger, fulfilling Deuteronomy.

Supported by Matthew Henry