2 Chronicles 35NIV
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2 Chronicles35

New International Version

1Josiah celebrated the Passover to the Lord in Jerusalem, and the Passover lamb was slaughtered on the fourteenth day of the first month.

2He appointed the priests to their duties and encouraged them in the service of the Lord’s temple.

3He said to the Levites, who instructed all Israel and who had been consecrated to the Lord: “Put the sacred ark in the temple that Solomon son of David king of Israel built. It is not to be carried about on your shoulders. Now serve the Lord your God and his people Israel.

4Prepare yourselves by families in your divisions, according to the instructions written by David king of Israel and by his son Solomon.

5“Stand in the holy place with a group of Levites for each subdivision of the families of your fellow Israelites, the lay people.

6Slaughter the Passover lambs, consecrate yourselves and prepare the lambs for your fellow Israelites, doing what the Lord commanded through Moses.”

7Josiah provided for all the lay people who were there a total of thirty thousand lambs and goats for the Passover offerings, and also three thousand cattle—all from the king’s own possessions.

8His officials also contributed voluntarily to the people and the priests and Levites. Hilkiah, Zechariah and Jehiel, the officials in charge of God’s temple, gave the priests twenty-six hundred Passover offerings and three hundred cattle.

9Also Konaniah along with Shemaiah and Nethanel, his brothers, and Hashabiah, Jeiel and Jozabad, the leaders of the Levites, provided five thousand Passover offerings and five hundred head of cattle for the Levites.

10The service was arranged and the priests stood in their places with the Levites in their divisions as the king had ordered.

11The Passover lambs were slaughtered, and the priests splashed against the altar the blood handed to them, while the Levites skinned the animals.

12They set aside the burnt offerings to give them to the subdivisions of the families of the people to offer to the Lord, as it is written in the Book of Moses. They did the same with the cattle.

13They roasted the Passover animals over the fire as prescribed, and boiled the holy offerings in pots, caldrons and pans and served them quickly to all the people.

14After this, they made preparations for themselves and for the priests, because the priests, the descendants of Aaron, were sacrificing the burnt offerings and the fat portions until nightfall. So the Levites made preparations for themselves and for the Aaronic priests.

15The musicians, the descendants of Asaph, were in the places prescribed by David, Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun the king’s seer. The gatekeepers at each gate did not need to leave their posts, because their fellow Levites made the preparations for them.

16So at that time the entire service of the Lord was carried out for the celebration of the Passover and the offering of burnt offerings on the altar of the Lord, as King Josiah had ordered.

17The Israelites who were present celebrated the Passover at that time and observed the Festival of Unleavened Bread for seven days.

18The Passover had not been observed like this in Israel since the days of the prophet Samuel; and none of the kings of Israel had ever celebrated such a Passover as did Josiah, with the priests, the Levites and all Judah and Israel who were there with the people of Jerusalem.

19This Passover was celebrated in the eighteenth year of Josiah’s reign.

20After all this, when Josiah had set the temple in order, Necho king of Egypt went up to fight at Carchemish on the Euphrates, and Josiah marched out to meet him in battle.

21But Necho sent messengers to him, saying, “What quarrel is there, king of Judah, between you and me? It is not you I am attacking at this time, but the house with which I am at war. God has told me to hurry; so stop opposing God, who is with me, or he will destroy you.”

22Josiah, however, would not turn away from him, but disguised himself to engage him in battle. He would not listen to what Necho had said at God’s command but went to fight him on the plain of Megiddo.

23Archers shot King Josiah, and he told his officers, “Take me away; I am badly wounded.”

24So they took him out of his chariot, put him in his other chariot and brought him to Jerusalem, where he died. He was buried in the tombs of his ancestors, and all Judah and Jerusalem mourned for him.

25Jeremiah composed laments for Josiah, and to this day all the male and female singers commemorate Josiah in the laments. These became a tradition in Israel and are written in the Laments.

26The other events of Josiah’s reign and his acts of devotion in accordance with what is written in the Law of the Lord—

27all the events, from beginning to end, are written in the book of the kings of Israel and Judah.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Chronicles 35.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The passover kept by Josiah. (1–19). Josiah slain in battle. (20–27).

vv1-19

The destruction Josiah made of idolatry, was more largely related in the book of Kings. His solemnizing the passover is related here. The Lord's supper resembles the passover more than any other of the Jewish festivals; and the due observance of that ordinance, is a proof of growing piety and devotion. God alone can truly make our hearts holy, and prepare them for his holy services; but there are duties belonging to us, in doing which we obtain this blessing from the Lord.

vv20-27

The Scripture does not condemn Josiah's conduct in opposing Pharaoh. Yet Josiah seems to deserve blame for not inquiring of the Lord after he was warned; his death might be a rebuke for his rashness, but it was a judgment on a hypocritical and wicked people. He that lives a life of repentance, faith, and obedience, cannot be affected by the sudden manner in which he is removed. The people lamented him. Many mourn over sufferings, who will not forsake the sins that caused God to send them. Yet this alone can turn away judgments. If we blame Josiah's conduct, we should be watchful, lest we be cut down in a way dishonourable to our profession.

Cross References

2 Chronicles 35
v182 Kings 23:21-23thematic

The parallel account of Josiah's unparalleled Passover, highlighting its uniqueness since the days of the judges.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v202 Kings 23:29thematic

The parallel account of Pharaoh Neco's military expedition and Josiah's fatal intervention at Megiddo.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v7Exodus 12:5allusion

Pentateuchal basis for Josiah supplying both lambs and kids for the paschal offerings.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Historical precedent of Hezekiah's princes donating large numbers of livestock for the congregation's Passover.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Solomon's implementation of Davidic courses for priests and Levites, directing the temple arrangements here.

Supported by JFB

Compares Levites killing the Passover and preparing victims, matching the patterns in Hezekiah's reform.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v221 Kings 22:30thematic

Parallels Ahab's disguise in battle, which similarly failed to avert a divinely-appointed death.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v24Zechariah 12:11thematic

Prophetic allusion to the immense, lasting national mourning for Josiah in the valley of Megiddon.

Supported by Matthew Henry

David's structural division and organization of the Levites, cited as Josiah's authority.

Supported by JFB

v5Exodus 12:3allusion

The original law requiring Passover lambs to be chosen according to the families of the fathers.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Hezekiah's precedent where priests sprinkled blood handed to them by the Levites.

Supported by JFB

v13Exodus 12:9thematic

Contrasts the roasting of the Passover with the boiling/seething of the other holy offerings.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v25Jeremiah 22:10thematic

Jeremiah's dirge concerning Josiah, advising to weep for the exile rather than the dead king.

Supported by Matthew Henry

The finding of the Book of the Law, which prompted the temple repairs and Passover.

Supported by Matthew Poole