John6
New International Version
1Some time after this, Jesus crossed to the far shore of the Sea of Galilee (that is, the Sea of Tiberias),
2and a great crowd of people followed him because they saw the signs he had performed by healing the sick.
3Then Jesus went up on a mountainside and sat down with his disciples.
4The Jewish Passover Festival was near.
5When Jesus looked up and saw a great crowd coming toward him, he said to Philip, “Where shall we buy bread for these people to eat?”
6He asked this only to test him, for he already had in mind what he was going to do.
7Philip answered him, “It would take more than half a year’s wages to buy enough bread for each one to have a bite!”
8Another of his disciples, Andrew, Simon Peter’s brother, spoke up,
9“Here is a boy with five small barley loaves and two small fish, but how far will they go among so many?”
10Jesus said, “Have the people sit down.” There was plenty of grass in that place, and they sat down (about five thousand men were there).
11Jesus then took the loaves, gave thanks, and distributed to those who were seated as much as they wanted. He did the same with the fish.
12When they had all had enough to eat, he said to his disciples, “Gather the pieces that are left over. Let nothing be wasted.”
13So they gathered them and filled twelve baskets with the pieces of the five barley loaves left over by those who had eaten.
14After the people saw the sign Jesus performed, they began to say, “Surely this is the Prophet who is to come into the world.”
15Jesus, knowing that they intended to come and make him king by force, withdrew again to a mountain by himself.
16When evening came, his disciples went down to the lake,
17where they got into a boat and set off across the lake for Capernaum. By now it was dark, and Jesus had not yet joined them.
18A strong wind was blowing and the waters grew rough.
19When they had rowed about three or four miles, they saw Jesus approaching the boat, walking on the water; and they were frightened.
20But he said to them, “It is I; don’t be afraid.”
21Then they were willing to take him into the boat, and immediately the boat reached the shore where they were heading.
22The next day the crowd that had stayed on the opposite shore of the lake realized that only one boat had been there, and that Jesus had not entered it with his disciples, but that they had gone away alone.
23Then some boats from Tiberias landed near the place where the people had eaten the bread after the Lord had given thanks.
24Once the crowd realized that neither Jesus nor his disciples were there, they got into the boats and went to Capernaum in search of Jesus.
25When they found him on the other side of the lake, they asked him, “Rabbi, when did you get here?”
26Jesus answered, “Very truly I tell you, you are looking for me, not because you saw the signs I performed but because you ate the loaves and had your fill.
27Do not work for food that spoils, but for food that endures to eternal life, which the Son of Man will give you. For on him God the Father has placed his seal of approval.”
28Then they asked him, “What must we do to do the works God requires?”
29Jesus answered, “The work of God is this: to believe in the one he has sent.”
30So they asked him, “What sign then will you give that we may see it and believe you? What will you do?
31Our ancestors ate the manna in the wilderness; as it is written: ‘He gave them bread from heaven to eat.’”
32Jesus said to them, “Very truly I tell you, it is not Moses who has given you the bread from heaven, but it is my Father who gives you the true bread from heaven.
33For the bread of God is the bread that comes down from heaven and gives life to the world.”
34“Sir,” they said, “always give us this bread.”
35Then Jesus declared, “I am the bread of life. Whoever comes to me will never go hungry, and whoever believes in me will never be thirsty.
36But as I told you, you have seen me and still you do not believe.
37All those the Father gives me will come to me, and whoever comes to me I will never drive away.
38For I have come down from heaven not to do my will but to do the will of him who sent me.
39And this is the will of him who sent me, that I shall lose none of all those he has given me, but raise them up at the last day.
40For my Father’s will is that everyone who looks to the Son and believes in him shall have eternal life, and I will raise them up at the last day.”
41At this the Jews there began to grumble about him because he said, “I am the bread that came down from heaven.”
42They said, “Is this not Jesus, the son of Joseph, whose father and mother we know? How can he now say, ‘I came down from heaven’?”
43“Stop grumbling among yourselves,” Jesus answered.
44“No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws them, and I will raise them up at the last day.
45It is written in the Prophets: ‘They will all be taught by God.’ Everyone who has heard the Father and learned from him comes to me.
46No one has seen the Father except the one who is from God; only he has seen the Father.
47Very truly I tell you, the one who believes has eternal life.
48I am the bread of life.
49Your ancestors ate the manna in the wilderness, yet they died.
50But here is the bread that comes down from heaven, which anyone may eat and not die.
51I am the living bread that came down from heaven. Whoever eats this bread will live forever. This bread is my flesh, which I will give for the life of the world.”
52Then the Jews began to argue sharply among themselves, “How can this man give us his flesh to eat?”
53Jesus said to them, “Very truly I tell you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood, you have no life in you.
54Whoever eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise them up at the last day.
55For my flesh is real food and my blood is real drink.
56Whoever eats my flesh and drinks my blood remains in me, and I in them.
57Just as the living Father sent me and I live because of the Father, so the one who feeds on me will live because of me.
58This is the bread that came down from heaven. Your ancestors ate manna and died, but whoever feeds on this bread will live forever.”
59He said this while teaching in the synagogue in Capernaum.
60On hearing it, many of his disciples said, “This is a hard teaching. Who can accept it?”
61Aware that his disciples were grumbling about this, Jesus said to them, “Does this offend you?
62Then what if you see the Son of Man ascend to where he was before!
63The Spirit gives life; the flesh counts for nothing. The words I have spoken to you—they are full of the Spirit and life.
64Yet there are some of you who do not believe.” For Jesus had known from the beginning which of them did not believe and who would betray him.
65He went on to say, “This is why I told you that no one can come to me unless the Father has enabled them.”
66From this time many of his disciples turned back and no longer followed him.
67“You do not want to leave too, do you?” Jesus asked the Twelve.
68Simon Peter answered him, “Lord, to whom shall we go? You have the words of eternal life.
69We have come to believe and to know that you are the Holy One of God.”
70Then Jesus replied, “Have I not chosen you, the Twelve? Yet one of you is a devil!”
71(He meant Judas, the son of Simon Iscariot, who, though one of the Twelve, was later to betray him.)
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for John 6.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Five thousand miraculously fed. (1–14). Jesus walks on the sea. (15–21). He directs to spiritual food. (22–27). His discourse with the multitude. (28–65). Many of disciples go back. (66–71).
vv1-14
John relates the miracle of feeding the multitude, for its reference to the following discourse. Observe the effect this miracle had upon the people. Even the common Jews expected the Messiah to come into the world, and to be a great Prophet. The Pharisees despised them as not knowing the law; but they knew most of Him who is the end of the law. Yet men may acknowledge Christ as that Prophet, and still turn a deaf ear to him.
vv15-21
Here were Christ's disciples in the way of duty, and Christ was praying for them; yet they were in distress. There may be perils and afflictions of this present time, where there is an interest in Christ. Clouds and darkness often surround the children of the light and of the day. They see Jesus walking on the sea. Even the approaches of comfort and deliverance often are so mistaken, as to become the occasions of fear. Nothing is more powerful to convince sinners than that word, “I am Jesus whom thou persecutest;” nothing more powerful to comfort saints than this, “I am Jesus whom thou lovest.” If we have received Christ Jesus the Lord, though the night be dark, and the wind high, yet we may comfort ourselves, we shall be at the shore before long.
vv22-27
Instead of answering the inquiry how he came there, Jesus blamed their asking. The utmost earnestness should be employed in seeking salvation, in the use of appointed means; yet it is to be sought only as the gift of the Son of man. Him the Father has sealed, proved to be God. He declared the Son of man to be the Son of God with power.
Key Words
μετά (metá): properly, denoting accompaniment; "amid" (local or causal); modified variously according to the case (genitive association, or accusative succession) with which it is joined; occupying an intermediate position between G575 (ἀπό) or G1537 (ἐκ) and G1519 (εἰς) or G4314 (πρός); less intimate than G1722 (ἐν) and less close than G4862 (σύν))
ταῦτα (taûta): these things
Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs): Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites
ἀπέρχομαι (apérchomai): to go off (i.e. depart), aside (i.e. apart) or behind (i.e. follow), literally or figuratively
πέραν (péran): through (as adverb or preposition), i.e. across
θάλασσα (thálassa): the sea (genitive case or specially)
Γαλιλαία (Galilaía): Galilæa (i.e. the heathen circle), a region of Palestine
Τιβεριάς (Tiberiás): Tiberias, the name of a town and a lake in Palestine
καί (kaí): and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
πολύς (polýs): (singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverbial, largely; neuter (plural) as adverb or noun often, mostly, largely
Cross References
John 6The crowd recognizes Jesus as 'that prophet' promised by Moses in Deuteronomy.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
The Old Testament text explicitly quoted by the crowd regarding the giving of manna.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Direct quotation from the prophets identifying that all God's children will be taught directly by Him.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Peter's confession here parallels his landmark declaration of Jesus as the Christ, Son of God.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Elisha's miraculous feeding of one hundred men with twenty barley loaves prefigures Christ's greater miracle.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Job attributes treading the waves of the sea uniquely to God; Jesus does so in flesh.
Supported by JFB
The historical account of the manna, which Jesus contrasts with Himself as the true Bread.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Fulfills Christ's declaration that He will lose nothing of what the Father has given Him.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Illuminates the concept of being divine 'drawn' to God by His lovingkindness and grace.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Confirms that only the unique Son has seen the Father, acting as the sole direct revealer.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Explains Christ's preexistence and ascension as the Son of man descending from and returning to heaven.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin, JFB
Direct theological parallel: the letter/flesh profiteth nothing, but the Spirit gives life.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
Explicitly confirms Jesus knew from the beginning who would betray Him, specifically Judas.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
Synoptic parallel account of the feeding of the five thousand with identical details.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Synoptic parallel of the feeding, noted by commentators for harmonizing differing details.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
Luke's parallel account of the miracle of the loaves and fishes.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Parallel account of Jesus walking on water and retiring to pray.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Illuminates the miraculous, immediate arrival of the disciples' ship to their destination.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The Messianic resolution to do God's will, perfectly matched by Christ's statement of purpose.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Parallels the promise of ultimate security for those given to the Son by the Father.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Jesus restates this exact sovereign drawing principle to explain the defection of many disciples.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
The Old Testament type of manna, contrasted with Christ as the true living Bread.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
Develops the mutual indwelling motif ('abide in me, and I in you') established in the bread discourse.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Connects Jesus' source of life in the Father to the believer's source of life in Jesus.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Directly links to Jesus' earlier statement that no one can come unless the Father draws him.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
Jesus describes Judas as the son of perdition, lost despite being chosen among the twelve.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
Contrast between Jesus choosing His true disciples and choosing the twelve, which included Judas.
Supported by John Calvin
Moses' doubt about feeding a large multitude echoes Philip's calculation of insufficient bread.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Jesus rejects an earthly kingship by force because His kingdom is not of this world.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The prophetic invitation to come, eat, and drink without money, satisfying hunger and thirst.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Expands on the divine drawing required for anyone to come to Christ.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
Connects the Father's sovereign gift of believers to the Son with the execution of eternal life.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
Demonstrates Christ's supreme dedication to doing the Father's will rather than His own.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Parallel account showing the crowd's offense at His ordinary origins: 'Is not this Joseph's son?'
Supported by Matthew Poole
Synoptic parallel showing that only the Son knows and can reveal the Father.
Supported by John Calvin
Joshua's choice to Israel parallels Jesus' testing question to the twelve, 'will ye also go away?'
Supported by Matthew Henry