Luke9
New International Version
1 When Jesus had called the Twelve together, he gave them power and authority to drive out all demons and to cure diseases,
2 and he sent them out to proclaim the kingdom of God and to heal the sick.
3 He told them: “Take nothing for the journey—no staff, no bag, no bread, no money, no extra shirt.
4 Whatever house you enter, stay there until you leave that town.
5 If people do not welcome you, leave their town and shake the dust off your feet as a testimony against them.”
6 So they set out and went from village to village, proclaiming the good news and healing people everywhere.
7 Now Herod the tetrarch heard about all that was going on. And he was perplexed because some were saying that John had been raised from the dead,
8 others that Elijah had appeared, and still others that one of the prophets of long ago had come back to life.
9 But Herod said, “I beheaded John. Who, then, is this I hear such things about?” And he tried to see him.
10 When the apostles returned, they reported to Jesus what they had done. Then he took them with him and they withdrew by themselves to a town called Bethsaida,
11 but the crowds learned about it and followed him. He welcomed them and spoke to them about the kingdom of God, and healed those who needed healing.
12 Late in the afternoon the Twelve came to him and said, “Send the crowd away so they can go to the surrounding villages and countryside and find food and lodging, because we are in a remote place here.”
13 He replied, “You give them something to eat.” They answered, “We have only five loaves of bread and two fish—unless we go and buy food for all this crowd.”
14 (About five thousand men were there.) But he said to his disciples, “Have them sit down in groups of about fifty each.”
15 The disciples did so, and everyone sat down.
16 Taking the five loaves and the two fish and looking up to heaven, he gave thanks and broke them. Then he gave them to the disciples to distribute to the people.
17 They all ate and were satisfied, and the disciples picked up twelve basketfuls of broken pieces that were left over.
18 Once when Jesus was praying in private and his disciples were with him, he asked them, “Who do the crowds say I am?”
19 They replied, “Some say John the Baptist; others say Elijah; and still others, that one of the prophets of long ago has come back to life.”
20 “But what about you?” he asked. “Who do you say I am?” Peter answered, “God’s Messiah.”
21 Jesus strictly warned them not to tell this to anyone.
22 And he said, “The Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders, the chief priests and the teachers of the law, and he must be killed and on the third day be raised to life.”
23 Then he said to them all: “Whoever wants to be my disciple must deny themselves and take up their cross daily and follow me.
24 For whoever wants to save their life will lose it, but whoever loses their life for me will save it.
25 What good is it for someone to gain the whole world, and yet lose or forfeit their very self?
26 Whoever is ashamed of me and my words, the Son of Man will be ashamed of them when he comes in his glory and in the glory of the Father and of the holy angels.
27 “Truly I tell you, some who are standing here will not taste death before they see the kingdom of God.”
28 About eight days after Jesus said this, he took Peter, John and James with him and went up onto a mountain to pray.
29 As he was praying, the appearance of his face changed, and his clothes became as bright as a flash of lightning.
30 Two men, Moses and Elijah, appeared in glorious splendor, talking with Jesus.
31 They spoke about his departure, which he was about to bring to fulfillment at Jerusalem.
32 Peter and his companions were very sleepy, but when they became fully awake, they saw his glory and the two men standing with him.
33 As the men were leaving Jesus, Peter said to him, “Master, it is good for us to be here. Let us put up three shelters—one for you, one for Moses and one for Elijah.” (He did not know what he was saying.)
34 While he was speaking, a cloud appeared and covered them, and they were afraid as they entered the cloud.
35 A voice came from the cloud, saying, “This is my Son, whom I have chosen; listen to him.”
36 When the voice had spoken, they found that Jesus was alone. The disciples kept this to themselves and did not tell anyone at that time what they had seen.
37 The next day, when they came down from the mountain, a large crowd met him.
38 A man in the crowd called out, “Teacher, I beg you to look at my son, for he is my only child.
39 A spirit seizes him and he suddenly screams; it throws him into convulsions so that he foams at the mouth. It scarcely ever leaves him and is destroying him.
40 I begged your disciples to drive it out, but they could not.”
41 “You unbelieving and perverse generation,” Jesus replied, “how long shall I stay with you and put up with you? Bring your son here.”
42 Even while the boy was coming, the demon threw him to the ground in a convulsion. But Jesus rebuked the impure spirit, healed the boy and gave him back to his father.
43 And they were all amazed at the greatness of God. While everyone was marveling at all that Jesus did, he said to his disciples,
44 “Listen carefully to what I am about to tell you: The Son of Man is going to be delivered into the hands of men.”
45 But they did not understand what this meant. It was hidden from them, so that they did not grasp it, and they were afraid to ask him about it.
46 An argument started among the disciples as to which of them would be the greatest.
47 Jesus, knowing their thoughts, took a little child and had him stand beside him.
48 Then he said to them, “Whoever welcomes this little child in my name welcomes me; and whoever welcomes me welcomes the one who sent me. For it is the one who is least among you all who is the greatest.”
49 “Master,” said John, “we saw someone driving out demons in your name and we tried to stop him, because he is not one of us.”
50 “Do not stop him,” Jesus said, “for whoever is not against you is for you.”
51 As the time approached for him to be taken up to heaven, Jesus resolutely set out for Jerusalem.
52 And he sent messengers on ahead, who went into a Samaritan village to get things ready for him;
53 but the people there did not welcome him, because he was heading for Jerusalem.
54 When the disciples James and John saw this, they asked, “Lord, do you want us to call fire down from heaven to destroy them?”
55 But Jesus turned and rebuked them.
56 Then he and his disciples went to another village.
57 As they were walking along the road, a man said to him, “I will follow you wherever you go.”
58 Jesus replied, “Foxes have dens and birds have nests, but the Son of Man has no place to lay his head.”
59 He said to another man, “Follow me.” But he replied, “Lord, first let me go and bury my father.”
60 Jesus said to him, “Let the dead bury their own dead, but you go and proclaim the kingdom of God.”
61 Still another said, “I will follow you, Lord; but first let me go back and say goodbye to my family.”
62 Jesus replied, “No one who puts a hand to the plow and looks back is fit for service in the kingdom of God.”
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Luke 9Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Luke 9. The full AI study guide (summary, themes, context) has its own page.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The apostles sent forth. (1–9). The multitude miraculously fed. (10–17). Peter's testimony to Christ, Self-denial enjoined. (18–27). The transfiguration. (28–36). An evil spirit cast out. (37–42). Christ checks the ambition of his disciples. (43–50). He reproves their mistaken zeal. (51–56). Every thing to be given up for Christ. (57–62).
vv1-9
Christ sent his twelve disciples abroad, who by this time were able to teach others what they had received from the Lord. They must not be anxious to commend themselves to people's esteem by outward appearance. They must go as they were. The Lord Jesus is the fountain of power and authority, to whom all creatures must, in one way or another, be subject; and if he goes with the word of his ministers in power, to deliver sinners from Satan's bondage, they may be sure that he will care for their wants. When truth and love thus go together, and yet the message of God is rejected and despised, it leaves men without excuse, and turns to a testimony against them. Herod's guilty conscience was ready to conclude that John was risen from the dead. He desired to see Jesus; and why did he not go and see him? Probably, because he thought it below him, or because he wished not to have any more reprovers of sin. Delaying it now, his heart was hardened, and when he did see Jesus, he was as much prejudiced against him as others, Lu 23:11.
vv10-17
The people followed Jesus, and though they came unseasonably, yet he gave them what they came for. He spake unto them of the kingdom of God. He healed those who had need of healing. And with five loaves of bread and two fishes, Christ fed five thousand men. He will not see those that fear him, and serve him faithfully, want any good thing. When we receive creature-comforts, we must acknowledge that we receive them from God, and that we are unworthy to receive them; that we owe them all, and all the comfort we have in them, to the mediation of Christ, by whom the curse is taken away. The blessing of Christ will make a little go a great way. He fills every hungry soul, abundantly satisfies it with the goodness of his house. Here were fragments taken up: in our Father's house there is bread enough, and to spare. We are not straitened, nor stinted in Christ.
vv18-27
It is an unspeakable comfort that our Lord Jesus is God's Anointed; this signifies that he was both appointed to be the Messiah, and qualified for it. Jesus discourses concerning his own sufferings and death. And so far must his disciples be from thinking how to prevent his sufferings, that they must prepare for their own. We often meet with crosses in the way of duty; and though we must not pull them upon our own heads, yet, when they are laid for us, we must take them up, and carry them after Christ. It is well or ill with us, according as it is well or ill with our souls. The body cannot be happy, if the soul be miserable in the other world; but the soul may be happy, though the body is greatly afflicted and oppressed in this world. We must never be ashamed of Christ and his gospel.
Key Words
δέ (dé): but, and, etc.
συγκαλέω (synkaléō): to convoke
αὐτός (autós): the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
καί (kaí): and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
δίδωμι (dídōmi): to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or figuratively; greatly modified by the connection)
δύναμις (dýnamis): force (literally or figuratively); specially, miraculous power (usually by implication, a miracle itself)
ἐξουσία (exousía): privilege, i.e. (subjectively) force, capacity, competency, freedom, or (objectively) mastery (concretely, magistrate, superhuman, potentate, token of control), delegated influence
ἐπί (epí): properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e. over, upon, etc.; of rest (with the dative case) at, on, etc.; of direction (with the accusative case) towards, upon, etc.
πᾶς (pâs): all, any, every, the whole
δαιμόνιον (daimónion): a dæmonic being; by extension a deity
Cross References
Luke 9Herod's desire to see Jesus is eventually realized only when Jesus is sent to him as a prisoner.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Moses' face shining after praying on the mount typefies Christ's transfiguring countenance.
Supported by JFB
Parallel account of the scribe offering to follow Jesus whithersoever He goes.
Supported by John Calvin
Elisha was permitted to bid farewell to his family, whereas Jesus demands immediate, unconditional commitment.
Matthew's parallel account of Jesus calling and empowering the twelve disciples for their mission.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Mark's parallel account of the sending out of the twelve with power over unclean spirits.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Jesus references back to this mission, contrasting their temporary lack with future preparations.
The parallel confession of Peter, identifying Jesus as the Christ, the Son of the living God.
Supported by JFB
Peter's eyewitness testimony of Christ's majesty on the holy mount.
Supported by JFB
The Father's command 'hear him' fulfills Moses' prophecy of the coming Prophet.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallel incident of the disciples forbidding someone casting out demons in Christ's name.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Direct precedent cited by James and John when they ask to command fire from heaven as Elijah did.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallel dialogue of a disciple asking to first go and bury his father.
Supported by John Calvin, JFB
A solemn warning against looking back to what was left behind, exemplified by Lot's wife.
Paul and Barnabas carry out this exact instruction by shaking dust from their feet.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The detailed background of Herod's execution of John and his troubled conscience regarding Jesus.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Mark's parallel account of the apostles returning and gathering to report to Jesus.
Supported by JFB
John's parallel account of the feeding of the five thousand, leading to the Bread of Life discourse.
Supported by JFB
Elisha's miraculous feeding of one hundred men with twenty loaves, typifying Christ's greater miracle.
Parallel instruction on self-denial and taking up the cross to follow Christ.
Supported by John Calvin
Matthew's parallel account of the Transfiguration, including Moses and Elijah.
Supported by JFB
Mark's parallel account describing Christ's glistening, white garments.
Supported by JFB
The divine cloud that overshadowed the tabernacle now overshadows the disciples.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallel of Jesus' rebuke to the faithless and perverse generation after the failed exorcism.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Parallel teaching on humility and greatness using a child as an emblem.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Prophetic description of setting one's face like flint, echoed in Jesus setting His face to Jerusalem.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Loving family more than Christ makes one unworthy of His discipleship.
The demand to prioritize Christ over all family relationships to be His disciple.
The urgent command to escape for one's life and not look back behind.
Warnings against drawing back after starting the path of faith, which displeases God.
Jesus gives identical instructions of urgency and dependency when sending out the seventy.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Moses' doubt about feeding a massive assembly, mirroring the disciples' weak faith here.
Mark's parallel of Jesus asking His disciples who the crowds and they say He is.
Supported by JFB
Parallel promise of seeing the Son of man coming in His kingdom.
Supported by JFB
Parallel promise of seeing the kingdom of God come with power.
Supported by JFB
The disciples are heavy with sleep here, contrasting with their sleep in Gethsemane.
Supported by JFB