Hebrews 10NIV
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Hebrews10

New International Version

1The law is only a shadow of the good things that are coming—not the realities themselves. For this reason it can never, by the same sacrifices repeated endlessly year after year, make perfect those who draw near to worship.

2Otherwise, would they not have stopped being offered? For the worshipers would have been cleansed once for all, and would no longer have felt guilty for their sins.

3But those sacrifices are an annual reminder of sins.

4It is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins.

5Therefore, when Christ came into the world, he said: “Sacrifice and offering you did not desire, but a body you prepared for me;

6with burnt offerings and sin offerings you were not pleased.

7Then I said, ‘Here I am—it is written about me in the scroll— I have come to do your will, my God.’”

8First he said, “Sacrifices and offerings, burnt offerings and sin offerings you did not desire, nor were you pleased with them”—though they were offered in accordance with the law.

9Then he said, “Here I am, I have come to do your will.” He sets aside the first to establish the second.

10And by that will, we have been made holy through the sacrifice of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.

11Day after day every priest stands and performs his religious duties; again and again he offers the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins.

12But when this priest had offered for all time one sacrifice for sins, he sat down at the right hand of God,

13and since that time he waits for his enemies to be made his footstool.

14For by one sacrifice he has made perfect forever those who are being made holy.

15The Holy Spirit also testifies to us about this. First he says:

16“This is the covenant I will make with them after that time, says the Lord. I will put my laws in their hearts, and I will write them on their minds.”

17Then he adds: “Their sins and lawless acts I will remember no more.”

18And where these have been forgiven, sacrifice for sin is no longer necessary.

19Therefore, brothers and sisters, since we have confidence to enter the Most Holy Place by the blood of Jesus,

20by a new and living way opened for us through the curtain, that is, his body,

21and since we have a great priest over the house of God,

22let us draw near to God with a sincere heart and with the full assurance that faith brings, having our hearts sprinkled to cleanse us from a guilty conscience and having our bodies washed with pure water.

23Let us hold unswervingly to the hope we profess, for he who promised is faithful.

24And let us consider how we may spur one another on toward love and good deeds,

25not giving up meeting together, as some are in the habit of doing, but encouraging one another—and all the more as you see the Day approaching.

26If we deliberately keep on sinning after we have received the knowledge of the truth, no sacrifice for sins is left,

27but only a fearful expectation of judgment and of raging fire that will consume the enemies of God.

28Anyone who rejected the law of Moses died without mercy on the testimony of two or three witnesses.

29How much more severely do you think someone deserves to be punished who has trampled the Son of God underfoot, who has treated as an unholy thing the blood of the covenant that sanctified them, and who has insulted the Spirit of grace?

30For we know him who said, “It is mine to avenge; I will repay,” and again, “The Lord will judge his people.”

31It is a dreadful thing to fall into the hands of the living God.

32Remember those earlier days after you had received the light, when you endured in a great conflict full of suffering.

33Sometimes you were publicly exposed to insult and persecution; at other times you stood side by side with those who were so treated.

34You suffered along with those in prison and joyfully accepted the confiscation of your property, because you knew that you yourselves had better and lasting possessions.

35So do not throw away your confidence; it will be richly rewarded.

36You need to persevere so that when you have done the will of God, you will receive what he has promised.

37For, “In just a little while, he who is coming will come and will not delay.”

38And, “But my righteous one will live by faith. And I take no pleasure in the one who shrinks back.”

39But we do not belong to those who shrink back and are destroyed, but to those who have faith and are saved.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Hebrews 10.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The insufficiency of sacrifices for taking away sin, The necessity and power of the sacrifice of Christ for that purpose. (1–18). An argument for holy boldness in the believer's access to God through Jesus Christ, And for steadfastness in faith, and mutual love and duty. (19–25). The danger of apostacy. (26–31). The sufferings of believers, and encouragement to maintain their holy profession. (32–39).

vv1-10

The apostle having shown that the tabernacle, and ordinances of the covenant of Sinai, were only emblems and types of the gospel, concludes that the sacrifices the high priests offered continually, could not make the worshippers perfect, with respect to pardon, and the purifying of their consciences. But when “God manifested in the flesh,” became the sacrifice, and his death upon the accursed tree the ransom, then the Sufferer being of infinite worth, his free-will sufferings were of infinite value. The atoning sacrifice must be one capable of consenting, and must of his own will place himself in the sinner's stead: Christ did so. The fountain of all that Christ has done for his people, is the sovereign will and grace of God. The righteousness brought in, and the sacrifice once offered by Christ, are of eternal power, and his salvation shall never be done away. They are of power to make all the comers thereunto perfect; they derive from the atoning blood, strength and motives for obedience, and inward comfort.

vv11-18

Under the new covenant, or gospel dispensation, full and final pardon is to be had. This makes a vast difference between the new covenant and the old one. Under the old, sacrifices must be often repeated, and after all, only pardon as to this world was to be obtained by them. Under the new, one Sacrifice is enough to procure for all nations and ages, spiritual pardon, or being freed from punishment in the world to come. Well might this be called a new covenant. Let none suppose that human inventions can avail those who put them in the place of the sacrifice of the Son of God. What then remains, but that we seek an interest in this Sacrifice by faith; and the seal of it to our souls, by the sanctification of the Spirit unto obedience? So that by the law being written in our hearts, we may know that we are justified, and that God will no more remember our sins.

vv19-25

The apostle having closed the first part of the epistle, the doctrine is applied to practical purposes. As believers had an open way to the presence of God, it became them to use this privilege. The way and means by which Christians enjoy such privileges, is by the blood of Jesus, by the merit of that blood which he offered up as an atoning sacrifice. The agreement of infinite holiness with pardoning mercy, was not clearly understood till the human nature of Christ, the Son of God, was wounded and bruised for our sins. Our way to heaven is by a crucified Saviour; his death is to us the way of life, and to those who believe this, he will be precious. They must draw near to God; it would be contempt of Christ, still to keep at a distance. Their bodies were to be washed with pure water, alluding to the cleansings directed under the law: thus the use of water in baptism, was to remind Christians that their conduct should be pure and holy. While they derived comfort and grace from their reconciled Father to their own souls, they would adorn the doctrine of God their Saviour in all things. Believers are to consider how they can be of service to each other, especially stirring up each other to the more vigorous and abundant exercise of love, and the practice of good works. The communion of saints is a great help and privilege, and a means of stedfastness and perseverance. We should observe the coming of times of trial, and be thereby quickened to greater diligence. There is a trying day coming on all men, the day of our death.

Cross References

Hebrews 10
v5Psalms 40:6-8quotation

Directly quoted in verses 5-7 to prove Christ came to replace sacrifices by doing God's will.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v16Hebrews 8:8-12quotation

The quote of the New Covenant from Jeremiah is restated here to prove final remission of sins.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v30Deuteronomy 32:35quotation

Directly quoted: "Vengeance belongeth unto me, I will recompense" as warning of divine judgment on apostates.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v38Habakkuk 2:4quotation

Directly quoted to establish that "the just shall live by faith" contrasted with drawing back.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v12Psalms 110:1allusion

Scripture cited for Christ sitting on God's right hand until His enemies are made His footstool.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v26Hebrews 6:4-6thematic

Strong parallel warning on the impossibility of restoration after willful apostasy from known truth.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v30Deuteronomy 32:36quotation

Directly quoted: "The Lord shall judge his people," showing God's role as judge of His house.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v1Colossians 2:17thematic

Parallels the contrast between the Old Testament legal 'shadow' and the 'body' which is Christ.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v1Hebrews 8:5thematic

Connects the tabernacle services to a 'shadow' and 'example' of heavenly things.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v2Hebrews 9:14thematic

Contrasts the legal sacrifices with the blood of Christ, which perfectly purges the conscience.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v3Leviticus 16:34typology

The yearly Day of Atonement sacrifices made a perpetual 'remembrance again' of sins.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v20Matthew 27:51allusion

The tearing of the physical veil at Christ's death corresponds to entering through His flesh.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v21Hebrews 4:14-16thematic

Parallel exhortation to draw near boldly to God because of our great High Priest.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v22Ezekiel 36:25allusion

Old Covenant promise of sprinkling clean water and cleansing from filthiness, fulfilled in Christ.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v22Hebrews 9:14thematic

Parallels the cleansing of the conscience from dead works by the blood of Christ.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v26Numbers 15:30allusion

The Old Testament law of sinning presumptuously (willfully) which left no sacrifice available.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Exemplifies the Old Testament penalty for the presumption of turning away from God's law.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v37Habakkuk 2:3allusion

Alludes to the promise that the coming vision/One will surely come and not tarry.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v1Hebrews 7:19thematic

Reinforces that the law made nothing perfect, but a better hope does.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v1Hebrews 9:9thematic

Explains that Old Testament gifts and sacrifices could not make the worshipper perfect in conscience.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v2Hebrews 10:17contrast

Contrasts the continuous remembrance of sins under the law with God remembering them no more.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v3Leviticus 16:22typology

The scapegoat ritual demonstrates the yearly remembrance and confession of Israel's sins.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v10Hebrews 9:12thematic

Parallels Christ's once-for-all entry into the holy place, having obtained eternal redemption.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v19Hebrews 4:16thematic

Repeats the exhortation to draw near with boldness to God's presence.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v20John 14:6thematic

Christ as the 'new and living way' matches His self-declaration as the way, truth, and life.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v25Hebrews 3:13thematic

Exhortation to encourage/exhort one another daily to prevent hearts from being hardened by sin.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v262 Peter 2:20-22thematic

Describes the tragic state of those escaping world pollutions only to be entangled again.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v38Romans 1:17thematic

Pauline use of the same Habakkuk passage to define salvation by faith alone.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v38Galatians 3:11thematic

Another Pauline application of Habakkuk 2:4 contrasting faith with works of the law.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v9Hebrews 12:27thematic

Illustrates the removal of the temporary first system to establish the permanent second.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v30Romans 12:19thematic

Parallel citing of Deuteronomy 32:35, affirming that vengeance belongs solely to the Lord.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v31Hebrews 12:29thematic

Affirms the terrifying nature of God's presence as "a consuming fire" to adversaries.

Supported by Matthew Henry