Matthew27
New International Version
1Early in the morning, all the chief priests and the elders of the people made their plans how to have Jesus executed.
2So they bound him, led him away and handed him over to Pilate the governor.
3When Judas, who had betrayed him, saw that Jesus was condemned, he was seized with remorse and returned the thirty pieces of silver to the chief priests and the elders.
4“I have sinned,” he said, “for I have betrayed innocent blood.” “What is that to us?” they replied. “That’s your responsibility.”
5So Judas threw the money into the temple and left. Then he went away and hanged himself.
6The chief priests picked up the coins and said, “It is against the law to put this into the treasury, since it is blood money.”
7So they decided to use the money to buy the potter’s field as a burial place for foreigners.
8That is why it has been called the Field of Blood to this day.
9Then what was spoken by Jeremiah the prophet was fulfilled: “They took the thirty pieces of silver, the price set on him by the people of Israel,
10and they used them to buy the potter’s field, as the Lord commanded me.”
11Meanwhile Jesus stood before the governor, and the governor asked him, “Are you the king of the Jews?” “You have said so,” Jesus replied.
12When he was accused by the chief priests and the elders, he gave no answer.
13Then Pilate asked him, “Don’t you hear the testimony they are bringing against you?”
14But Jesus made no reply, not even to a single charge—to the great amazement of the governor.
15Now it was the governor’s custom at the festival to release a prisoner chosen by the crowd.
16At that time they had a well-known prisoner whose name was Jesus Barabbas.
17So when the crowd had gathered, Pilate asked them, “Which one do you want me to release to you: Jesus Barabbas, or Jesus who is called the Messiah?”
18For he knew it was out of self-interest that they had handed Jesus over to him.
19While Pilate was sitting on the judge’s seat, his wife sent him this message: “Don’t have anything to do with that innocent man, for I have suffered a great deal today in a dream because of him.”
20But the chief priests and the elders persuaded the crowd to ask for Barabbas and to have Jesus executed.
21“Which of the two do you want me to release to you?” asked the governor. “Barabbas,” they answered.
22“What shall I do, then, with Jesus who is called the Messiah?” Pilate asked. They all answered, “Crucify him!”
23“Why? What crime has he committed?” asked Pilate. But they shouted all the louder, “Crucify him!”
24When Pilate saw that he was getting nowhere, but that instead an uproar was starting, he took water and washed his hands in front of the crowd. “I am innocent of this man’s blood,” he said. “It is your responsibility!”
25All the people answered, “His blood is on us and on our children!”
26Then he released Barabbas to them. But he had Jesus flogged, and handed him over to be crucified.
27Then the governor’s soldiers took Jesus into the Praetorium and gathered the whole company of soldiers around him.
28They stripped him and put a scarlet robe on him,
29and then twisted together a crown of thorns and set it on his head. They put a staff in his right hand. Then they knelt in front of him and mocked him. “Hail, king of the Jews!” they said.
30They spit on him, and took the staff and struck him on the head again and again.
31After they had mocked him, they took off the robe and put his own clothes on him. Then they led him away to crucify him.
32As they were going out, they met a man from Cyrene, named Simon, and they forced him to carry the cross.
33They came to a place called Golgotha (which means “the place of the skull”).
34There they offered Jesus wine to drink, mixed with gall; but after tasting it, he refused to drink it.
35When they had crucified him, they divided up his clothes by casting lots.
36And sitting down, they kept watch over him there.
37Above his head they placed the written charge against him: this is jesus, the king of the jews.
38Two rebels were crucified with him, one on his right and one on his left.
39Those who passed by hurled insults at him, shaking their heads
40and saying, “You who are going to destroy the temple and build it in three days, save yourself! Come down from the cross, if you are the Son of God!”
41In the same way the chief priests, the teachers of the law and the elders mocked him.
42“He saved others,” they said, “but he can’t save himself! He’s the king of Israel! Let him come down now from the cross, and we will believe in him.
43He trusts in God. Let God rescue him now if he wants him, for he said, ‘I am the Son of God.’”
44In the same way the rebels who were crucified with him also heaped insults on him.
45From noon until three in the afternoon darkness came over all the land.
46About three in the afternoon Jesus cried out in a loud voice, “Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani?” (which means “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”).
47When some of those standing there heard this, they said, “He’s calling Elijah.”
48Immediately one of them ran and got a sponge. He filled it with wine vinegar, put it on a staff, and offered it to Jesus to drink.
49The rest said, “Now leave him alone. Let’s see if Elijah comes to save him.”
50And when Jesus had cried out again in a loud voice, he gave up his spirit.
51At that moment the curtain of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom. The earth shook, the rocks split
52and the tombs broke open. The bodies of many holy people who had died were raised to life.
53They came out of the tombs after Jesus’ resurrection and went into the holy city and appeared to many people.
54When the centurion and those with him who were guarding Jesus saw the earthquake and all that had happened, they were terrified, and exclaimed, “Surely he was the Son of God!”
55Many women were there, watching from a distance. They had followed Jesus from Galilee to care for his needs.
56Among them were Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James and Joseph, and the mother of Zebedee’s sons.
57As evening approached, there came a rich man from Arimathea, named Joseph, who had himself become a disciple of Jesus.
58Going to Pilate, he asked for Jesus’ body, and Pilate ordered that it be given to him.
59Joseph took the body, wrapped it in a clean linen cloth,
60and placed it in his own new tomb that he had cut out of the rock. He rolled a big stone in front of the entrance to the tomb and went away.
61Mary Magdalene and the other Mary were sitting there opposite the tomb.
62The next day, the one after Preparation Day, the chief priests and the Pharisees went to Pilate.
63“Sir,” they said, “we remember that while he was still alive that deceiver said, ‘After three days I will rise again.’
64So give the order for the tomb to be made secure until the third day. Otherwise, his disciples may come and steal the body and tell the people that he has been raised from the dead. This last deception will be worse than the first.”
65“Take a guard,” Pilate answered. “Go, make the tomb as secure as you know how.”
66So they went and made the tomb secure by putting a seal on the stone and posting the guard.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Matthew 27.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Christ delivered to Pilate, The despair of Judas. (1–10). Christ before Pilate. (11–25). Barabbas loosed, Christ mocked. (26–30). Christ led to be crucified. (31–34). He is crucified. (35–44). The death of Christ. (45–50). Events at the crucifixion. (51–56). The burial of Christ. (57–61). The sepulchre secured. (62–66).
vv1-10
Wicked men see little of the consequences of their crimes when they commit them, but they must answer for them all. In the fullest manner Judas acknowledged to the chief priests that he had sinned, and betrayed an innocent person. This was full testimony to the character of Christ; but the rulers were hardened. Casting down the money, Judas departed, and went and hanged himself, not being able to bear the terror of Divine wrath, and the anguish of despair. There is little doubt but that the death of Judas was before that of our blessed Lord. But was it nothing to them that they had thirsted after this blood, and hired Judas to betray it, and had condemned it to be shed unjustly? Thus do fools make a mock at sin. Thus many make light of Christ crucified. And it is a common instance of the deceitfulness of our hearts, to make light of our own sin by dwelling upon other people's sins. But the judgment of God is according to truth. Many apply this passage of the buying the piece of ground, with the money Judas brought back, to signify the favour intended by the blood of Christ to strangers, and sinners of the Gentiles. It fulfilled a prophecy, Zec 11:12. Judas went far toward repentance, yet it was not to salvation. He confessed, but not to God; he did not go to him, and say, I have sinned, Father, against heaven. Let none be satisfied with such partial convictions as a man may have, and yet remain full of pride, enmity, and rebellion.
vv11-25
Having no malice against Jesus, Pilate urged him to clear himself, and laboured to get him discharged. The message from his wife was a warning. God has many ways of giving checks to sinners, in their sinful pursuits, and it is a great mercy to have such checks from Providence, from faithful friends, and from our own consciences. O do not this abominable thing which the Lord hates! is what we may hear said to us, when we are entering into temptation, if we will but regard it. Being overruled by the priests, the people made choice of Barabbas. Multitudes who choose the world, rather than God, for their ruler and portion, thus choose their own delusions. The Jews were so bent upon the death of Christ, that Pilate thought it would be dangerous to refuse. And this struggle shows the power of conscience even on the worst men. Yet all was so ordered to make it evident that Christ suffered for no fault of his own, but for the sins of his people. How vain for Pilate to expect to free himself from the guilt of the innocent blood of a righteous person, whom he was by his office bound to protect! The Jews' curse upon themselves has been awfully answered in the sufferings of their nation. None could bear the sin of others, except Him that had no sin of his own to answer for. And are we not all concerned? Is not Barabbas preferred to Jesus, when sinners reject salvation that they may retain their darling sins, which rob God of his glory, and murder their souls? The blood of Christ is now upon us for good, through mercy, by the Jews' rejection of it. O let us flee to it for refuge!
vv26-30
Crucifixion was a death used only among the Romans; it was very terrible and miserable. A cross was laid on the ground, to which the hands and feet were nailed, it was then lifted up and fixed upright, so that the weight of the body hung on the nails, till the sufferer died in agony. Christ thus answered the type of the brazen serpent raised on a pole. Christ underwent all the misery and shame here related, that he might purchase for us everlasting life, and joy, and glory.
Key Words
δέ (dé): but, and, etc.
πρωΐα (prōḯa): day-dawn
γίνομαι (gínomai): to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e. (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)
πᾶς (pâs): all, any, every, the whole
ἀρχιερεύς (archiereús): the high-priest (literally, of the Jews, typically, Christ); by extension a chief priest
καί (kaí): and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
πρεσβύτερος (presbýteros): older; as noun, a senior; specially, an Israelite Sanhedrist (also figuratively, member of the celestial council) or Christian "presbyter"
λαός (laós): a people (in general; thus differing from G1218 (δῆμος), which denotes one's own populace)
λαμβάνω (lambánō): while G138 (αἱρέομαι) is more violent, to seize or remove))
συμβούλιον (symboúlion): advisement; specially, a deliberative body, i.e. the provincial assessors or lay-court
Cross References
Matthew 27Provides historical and physical details of the graphic, tragic end of the betrayer Judas.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Explicit fulfillment of the prophecy concerning the thirty pieces of silver cast to the potter.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Prophetic fulfillment of offering vinegar mingled with gall/mustard on the cross.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Directly quoted as the prophetic fulfillment of soldiers casting lots for His garments.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The mockers' exact words of derision fulfill the prophetic description of the Messiah's suffering.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Jesus quotes this Psalm verbatim in Hebrew to express His agony of abandonment on the cross.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Darius sealed Daniel's den with a signet, mirroring the Jewish leaders sealing the tomb of Jesus.
Supported by John Calvin, JFB
Ahithophel, David's betrayer, typifies Judas by hanging himself in despair and remorse.
Supported by JFB
Underlying Old Testament prophecy for the thirty pieces of silver, the price of Him valued.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Christ fulfills the prophecy of the silent, uncomplaining Lamb led to the slaughter.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Fulfills the prophecy of being numbered with the transgressors by crucifixion between two thieves.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Messianic psalm matching the exact physical gestures of those who passed by wagging their heads.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Underlies the mockers' accusation regarding Jesus' saying about destroying and rebuilding the temple.
Supported by John Calvin
Giving Jesus vinegar on a reed directly fulfills the prophetic detail of this Messianic Psalm.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Explains the theological significance of the rent temple veil as opening access to God.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Fulfills the prophecy that the Messiah would be with a rich man in His death.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The temple prediction where Jesus explicitly said, 'in three days I will raise it up.'
Supported by John Calvin
The direct sequel, showing the posted Roman watch reporting the resurrection and being bribed.
Supported by John Calvin
Kings and rulers take counsel together against the Lord and His Anointed Messiah.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallels the delivery to Pilate's judgment hall and the hypocritical fear of ceremonial defilement.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Peter charges the crowd with denying the Holy One and desiring a murderer instead.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Old Testament law requiring elders to wash hands to declare innocence of blood.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Prophecy of giving His back to the smiters and cheek to spitting.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Theological fulfillment of Jesus suffering outside the gate, matching old covenant sin offering types.
Supported by John Calvin
Synoptic parallel detailing the wine mingled with myrrh offered to stupefy pain.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel account of Pilate's refusal to change the written accusation.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel details regarding Jesus' thirst, the sponge of vinegar, and His final cry.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallel account recording Jesus' final words as He yielded up His spirit.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Details the construction of the temple veil that was miraculously rent at Christ's death.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Identifies the women, including Mary Magdalene and the other Mary, who stayed through the burial.
Supported by JFB
Defines the 'day of the preparation' as the day before the Sabbath, explaining Matthew's chronology.
Supported by John Calvin
Jesus' explicit public sign of Jonah, prophecy of being three days in the earth.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Judas exemplifies worldly sorrow that produces death rather than godly repentance leading to life.
Supported by JFB
Lawful prohibition of putting the price of an abomination into the house of God.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Paul commends Christ Jesus, who before Pontius Pilate witnessed a good confession.
Supported by JFB
Peter's affirmation of Christ's complete sinlessness despite Pilate's unjust sentence.
Supported by Matthew Henry