Acts15
New Living Translation
1While Paul and Barnabas were at Antioch of Syria, some men from Judea arrived and began to teach the believers: “Unless you are circumcised as required by the law of Moses, you cannot be saved.”
2Paul and Barnabas disagreed with them, arguing vehemently. Finally, the church decided to send Paul and Barnabas to Jerusalem, accompanied by some local believers, to talk to the apostles and elders about this question.
3The church sent the delegates to Jerusalem, and they stopped along the way in Phoenicia and Samaria to visit the believers. They told them—much to everyone’s joy—that the Gentiles, too, were being converted.
4When they arrived in Jerusalem, Barnabas and Paul were welcomed by the whole church, including the apostles and elders. They reported everything God had done through them.
5But then some of the believers who belonged to the sect of the Pharisees stood up and insisted, “The Gentile converts must be circumcised and required to follow the law of Moses.”
6So the apostles and elders met together to resolve this issue.
7At the meeting, after a long discussion, Peter stood and addressed them as follows: “Brothers, you all know that God chose me from among you some time ago to preach to the Gentiles so that they could hear the Good News and believe.
8God knows people’s hearts, and he confirmed that he accepts Gentiles by giving them the Holy Spirit, just as he did to us.
9He made no distinction between us and them, for he cleansed their hearts through faith.
10So why are you now challenging God by burdening the Gentile believers with a yoke that neither we nor our ancestors were able to bear?
11We believe that we are all saved the same way, by the undeserved grace of the Lord Jesus.”
12Everyone listened quietly as Barnabas and Paul told about the miraculous signs and wonders God had done through them among the Gentiles.
13When they had finished, James stood and said, “Brothers, listen to me.
14Peter has told you about the time God first visited the Gentiles to take from them a people for himself.
15And this conversion of Gentiles is exactly what the prophets predicted. As it is written:
16‘Afterward I will return and restore the fallen house of David. I will rebuild its ruins and restore it,
17so that the rest of humanity might seek the Lord, including the Gentiles— all those I have called to be mine. The Lord has spoken—
18he who made these things known so long ago.’
19“And so my judgment is that we should not make it difficult for the Gentiles who are turning to God.
20Instead, we should write and tell them to abstain from eating food offered to idols, from sexual immorality, from eating the meat of strangled animals, and from consuming blood.
21For these laws of Moses have been preached in Jewish synagogues in every city on every Sabbath for many generations.”
22Then the apostles and elders together with the whole church in Jerusalem chose delegates, and they sent them to Antioch of Syria with Paul and Barnabas to report on this decision. The men chosen were two of the church leaders—Judas (also called Barsabbas) and Silas.
23This is the letter they took with them: “This letter is from the apostles and elders, your brothers in Jerusalem. It is written to the Gentile believers in Antioch, Syria, and Cilicia. Greetings!
24“We understand that some men from here have troubled you and upset you with their teaching, but we did not send them!
25So we decided, having come to complete agreement, to send you official representatives, along with our beloved Barnabas and Paul,
26who have risked their lives for the name of our Lord Jesus Christ.
27We are sending Judas and Silas to confirm what we have decided concerning your question.
28“For it seemed good to the Holy Spirit and to us to lay no greater burden on you than these few requirements:
29You must abstain from eating food offered to idols, from consuming blood or the meat of strangled animals, and from sexual immorality. If you do this, you will do well. Farewell.”
30The messengers went at once to Antioch, where they called a general meeting of the believers and delivered the letter.
31And there was great joy throughout the church that day as they read this encouraging message.
32Then Judas and Silas, both being prophets, spoke at length to the believers, encouraging and strengthening their faith.
33They stayed for a while, and then the believers sent them back to the church in Jerusalem with a blessing of peace.
34
35Paul and Barnabas stayed in Antioch. They and many others taught and preached the word of the Lord there.
36After some time Paul said to Barnabas, “Let’s go back and visit each city where we previously preached the word of the Lord, to see how the new believers are doing.”
37Barnabas agreed and wanted to take along John Mark.
38But Paul disagreed strongly, since John Mark had deserted them in Pamphylia and had not continued with them in their work.
39Their disagreement was so sharp that they separated. Barnabas took John Mark with him and sailed for Cyprus.
40Paul chose Silas, and as he left, the believers entrusted him to the Lord’s gracious care.
41Then he traveled throughout Syria and Cilicia, strengthening the churches there.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Acts 15.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The dispute raised by Judaizing teachers. (1–6). The council at Jerusalem. (7–21). The letter from the council. (22–35). Paul and Barnabas separate. (36–41).
vv1-6
Some from Judea taught the Gentile converts at Antioch, that they could not be saved, unless they observed the whole ceremonial law as given by Moses; and thus they sought to destroy Christian liberty. There is a strange proneness in us to think that all do wrong who do not just as we do. Their doctrine was very discouraging. Wise and good men desire to avoid contests and disputes as far as they can; yet when false teachers oppose the main truths of the gospel, or bring in hurtful doctrines, we must not decline to oppose them.
vv7-21
We see from the words “purifying their hearts by faith,” and the address of St. Peter, that justification by faith, and sanctification by the Holy Ghost, cannot be separated; and that both are the gift of God. We have great cause to bless God that we have heard the gospel. May we have that faith which the great Searcher of hearts approves, and attests by the seal of the Holy Spirit. Then our hearts and consciences will be purified from the guilt of sin, and we shall be freed from the burdens some try to lay upon the disciples of Christ. Paul and Barnabas showed by plain matters of fact, that God owned the preaching of the pure gospel to the Gentiles without the law of Moses; therefore to press that law upon them, was to undo what God had done. The opinion of James was, that the Gentile converts ought not to be troubled about Jewish rites, but that they should abstain from meats offered to idols, so that they might show their hatred of idolatry. Also, that they should be cautioned against fornication, which was not abhorred by the Gentiles as it should be, and even formed a part of some of their rites. They were counselled to abstain from things strangled, and from eating blood; this was forbidden by the law of Moses, and also here, from reverence to the blood of the sacrifices, which being then still offered, it would needlessly grieve the Jewish converts, and further prejudice the unconverted Jews. But as the reason has long ceased, we are left free in this, as in the like matters. Let converts be warned to avoid all appearances of the evils which they formerly practised, or are likely to be tempted to; and caution them to use Christian liberty with moderation and prudence.
vv22-35
Being warranted to declare themselves directed by the immediate influence of the Holy Ghost, the apostles and disciples were assured that it seemed good unto God the Holy Spirit, as well as to them, to lay upon the converts no other burden than the things before mentioned, which were necessary, either on their own account, or from present circumstances. It was a comfort to hear that carnal ordinances were no longer imposed on them, which perplexed the conscience, but could not purify or pacify it; and that those who troubled their minds were silenced, so that the peace of the church was restored, and that which threatened division was removed. All this was consolation for which they blessed God. Many others were at Antioch. Where many labour in the word and doctrine, yet there may be opportunity for us: the zeal and usefulness of others should stir us up, not lay us asleep.
Key Words
καί (kaí): and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
τὶς (tìs): some or any person or object
κατέρχομαι (katérchomai): to come (or go) down (literally or figuratively)
ἀπό (apó): "off," i.e. away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)
Ἰουδαία (Ioudaía): the Judæan land (i.e. Judæa), a region of Palestine
ἀδελφός (adelphós): a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like G1 (Α))
ἐὰν μή (eàn mḗ): if not, i.e. unless
περιτέμνω (peritémnō): to cut around, i.e. (specially) to circumcise
ἔθος (éthos): a usage (prescribed by habit or law)
Μωσεύς (Mōseús): Moseus, Moses, or Mouses (i.e. Mosheh), the Hebrew lawgiver
Cross References
Acts 15Amos 9:11-12 is quoted by James to prove God's plan to rebuild David's tabernacle and include Gentiles.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Paul's journey to Jerusalem with Barnabas (and Titus) to address the circumcision controversy.
Supported by Matthew Poole, Calvin, JFB
Warns that circumcision imposes a yoke of obligation to keep the entire law, forfeiting Christ's grace.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Paul's description of false brethren brought in secretly to spy out Christian liberty.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The apostolic letter formally repudiates the unauthorized Judean teachers who troubled the Antioch church.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
The historical descent of the Holy Spirit on uncircumcised Gentiles at Cornelius's house.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The pre-Mosaic, Noahic prohibition against eating flesh with its lifeblood.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
The historical account of John Mark departing from Paul and Barnabas in Pamphylia.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Certain men coming from James who caused Peter to withdraw from eating with Gentiles.
Supported by Calvin
The report of the first missionary journey showing God opened a door of faith to Gentiles.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Abraham was justified by faith prior to being circumcised, proving faith purifies apart from rites.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Later reconciliation, where Paul calls Mark profitable for the ministry despite their earlier contention.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Confirms the doctrine of justification by free grace through the redemption in Christ Jesus.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The second part of James's quotation concerning the remnant of mankind seeking the Lord.
Supported by JFB
Illustrates the weekly public reading of the Law of Moses in the synagogues.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The Mosaic law prohibiting the eating of blood, which informed the council's decree.
Supported by Matthew Henry