Numbers 10NLT
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Numbers10

New Living Translation

1Now the Lord said to Moses,

2“Make two trumpets of hammered silver for calling the community to assemble and for signaling the breaking of camp.

3When both trumpets are blown, everyone must gather before you at the entrance of the Tabernacle.

4But if only one trumpet is blown, then only the leaders—the heads of the clans of Israel—must present themselves to you.

5“When you sound the signal to move on, the tribes camped on the east side of the Tabernacle must break camp and move forward.

6When you sound the signal a second time, the tribes camped on the south will follow. You must sound short blasts as the signal for moving on.

7But when you call the people to an assembly, blow the trumpets with a different signal.

8Only the priests, Aaron’s descendants, are allowed to blow the trumpets. This is a permanent law for you, to be observed from generation to generation.

9“When you arrive in your own land and go to war against your enemies who attack you, sound the alarm with the trumpets. Then the Lord your God will remember you and rescue you from your enemies.

10Blow the trumpets in times of gladness, too, sounding them at your annual festivals and at the beginning of each month. And blow the trumpets over your burnt offerings and peace offerings. The trumpets will remind your God of his covenant with you. I am the Lord your God.”

11In the second year after Israel’s departure from Egypt—on the twentieth day of the second month—the cloud lifted from the Tabernacle of the Covenant.

12So the Israelites set out from the wilderness of Sinai and traveled on from place to place until the cloud stopped in the wilderness of Paran.

13When the people set out for the first time, following the instructions the Lord had given through Moses,

14Judah’s troops led the way. They marched behind their banner, and their leader was Nahshon son of Amminadab.

15They were joined by the troops of the tribe of Issachar, led by Nethanel son of Zuar,

16and the troops of the tribe of Zebulun, led by Eliab son of Helon.

17Then the Tabernacle was taken down, and the Gershonite and Merarite divisions of the Levites were next in the line of march, carrying the Tabernacle with them.

18Reuben’s troops went next, marching behind their banner. Their leader was Elizur son of Shedeur.

19They were joined by the troops of the tribe of Simeon, led by Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai,

20and the troops of the tribe of Gad, led by Eliasaph son of Deuel.

21Next came the Kohathite division of the Levites, carrying the sacred objects from the Tabernacle. Before they arrived at the next camp, the Tabernacle would already be set up at its new location.

22Ephraim’s troops went next, marching behind their banner. Their leader was Elishama son of Ammihud.

23They were joined by the troops of the tribe of Manasseh, led by Gamaliel son of Pedahzur,

24and the troops of the tribe of Benjamin, led by Abidan son of Gideoni.

25Dan’s troops went last, marching behind their banner and serving as the rear guard for all the tribal camps. Their leader was Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai.

26They were joined by the troops of the tribe of Asher, led by Pagiel son of Ocran,

27and the troops of the tribe of Naphtali, led by Ahira son of Enan.

28This was the order in which the Israelites marched, division by division.

29One day Moses said to his brother-in-law, Hobab son of Reuel the Midianite, “We are on our way to the place the Lord promised us, for he said, ‘I will give it to you.’ Come with us and we will treat you well, for the Lord has promised wonderful blessings for Israel!”

30But Hobab replied, “No, I will not go. I must return to my own land and family.”

31“Please don’t leave us,” Moses pleaded. “You know the places in the wilderness where we should camp. Come, be our guide.

32If you do, we’ll share with you all the blessings the Lord gives us.”

33They marched for three days after leaving the mountain of the Lord, with the Ark of the Lord’s Covenant moving ahead of them to show them where to stop and rest.

34As they moved on each day, the cloud of the Lord hovered over them.

35And whenever the Ark set out, Moses would shout, “Arise, O Lord, and let your enemies be scattered! Let them flee before you!”

36And when the Ark was set down, he would say, “Return, O Lord, to the countless thousands of Israel!”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Numbers 10.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The silver trumpets. (1–10). The Israelites remove from Sinai to Paran. (11–28). Hobab entreated by Moses to continue. (29–32). The blessing pronounced by Moses. (33–36).

vv1-10

Here are directions concerning the public notices to be given the people by sound of trumpet. Their laws in every case were to be Divine, therefore, even in this matter Moses is directed. These trumpets typify the preached gospel. It sounds an alarm to sinners, calls them to repent, proclaims liberty to the captives and slaves of Satan, and collects the worshippers of God. It directs and encourages their heavenly journey; stirs them up to combat against the world and sin, encouraging them with the assurance of victory. It leads their attention to the sacrifice of Christ, and shows the Lord's presence for their protection. It is also necessary that the gospel trumpet give a distinct sound, according to the persons addressed, or the end proposed; whether to convince, humble, console, exhort, reprove, or teach. The sounding of the trumpet of the gospel is God's ordinance, and demands the attention of all to whom it is sent. (Nu 10:11-28)

vv11-28

After the Israelites had continued nearly a year at mount Sinai, and all was settled respecting their future worship, they began their march to Canaan. True religion begins with the knowledge of the holy law of God, and humiliation for sin, but we must go on towards perfection, in acquaintance with Christ and his gospel, and those effectual encouragements, motives, and assistances to holiness, which it proposes. They took their journey according to the commandment of the Lord, De 1:6–8, and as the cloud led them. Those who give themselves to the direction of God's word and Spirit, steer a steady course, even when they seem bewildered. While they are sure they cannot lose their God and Guide, they need not fear losing their way. They went out of the wilderness of Sinai, and rested in the wilderness of Paran. All our removes in this world are but from one wilderness to another. The changes we think will be for the better do not always prove so. We shall never be at rest, never at home, till we come to heaven, but all will be well there.

vv29-32

Moses invites his kindred to go to Canaan. Those that are bound for the heavenly Canaan, should ask and encourage their friends to go with them: we shall have none the less of the joys of heaven, for others coming to share with us. It is good having fellowship with those who have fellowship with God. But the things of this world, which are seen, draw strongly from the pursuit of the things of the other world, which are not seen. Moses urges that Hobab might be serviceable to them. Not to show where they must encamp, nor what way they must march, the cloud was to direct that; but to show the conveniences of the place they marched through, and encamped in. It well consists with our trust in God's providence, to use the help of our friends.

Cross References

Numbers 10
v35Psalms 68:1allusion

Direct verbal echo: "Rise up, Lord, and let thine enemies be scattered" matches David's prayer.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v9Numbers 31:6thematic

Historical execution of this command: Phinehas goes to war against Midian with the holy trumpets.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Abijah's army sounds the silver trumpets in battle, trusting God's promise to be remembered.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v10Psalms 81:3thematic

Scriptural mandate to blow the trumpet at the new moon and solemn feast days.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

The divine command at Horeb/Sinai instructing Israel that they have dwelt long enough here.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v11Exodus 40:36thematic

The historical connection where the lifting of the cloud dictates the journeying of Israel.

Supported by JFB

v11Numbers 9:17-23thematic

Establishes the absolute rule of moving only when the cloud is taken up.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v14Numbers 2:2-17thematic

Matches the designated marching order: Judah first, Gershon/Merari, Reuben, then Kohath bearing sanctuary.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v12Numbers 12:16thematic

Verifies that after several journeys, Israel again pitched in the wilderness of Paran.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v29Exodus 18:27thematic

Parallels Hobab's desire to return to his own land and kindred.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v31Job 29:15thematic

Hobab serving "instead of eyes" parallel to being "eyes to the blind" in wilderness.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v2Exodus 25:31thematic

Defines the "whole piece" (beaten work of pure metal) used for holy instruments.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v5Joel 2:1thematic

Prophetic reuse of blowing the trumpet and sounding an alarm in the holy mountain.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v33Ezekiel 20:6thematic

God searching out a land of rest for His people, matching the ark's purpose.

Supported by Matthew Henry