Isaiah19
World English Bible · Public Domain
1The burden of Egypt. “Behold, Yahweh rides on a swift cloud, and comes to Egypt. The idols of Egypt will tremble at his presence; and the heart of Egypt will melt within it.
2I will stir up the Egyptians against the Egyptians, and they will fight everyone against his brother, and everyone against his neighbor; city against city, and kingdom against kingdom.
3The spirit of the Egyptians will fail within them. I will destroy their counsel. They will seek the idols, the charmers, those who have familiar spirits, and the wizards.
4I will give over the Egyptians into the hand of a cruel lord. A fierce king will rule over them,” says the Lord, Yahweh of Armies.
5The waters will fail from the sea, and the river will be wasted and become dry.
6The rivers will become foul. The streams of Egypt will be diminished and dried up. The reeds and flags will wither away.
7The meadows by the Nile, by the brink of the Nile, and all the sown fields of the Nile, will become dry, be driven away, and be no more.
8The fishermen will lament, and all those who fish in the Nile will mourn, and those who spread nets on the waters will languish.
9Moreover those who work in combed flax, and those who weave white cloth, will be confounded.
10The pillars will be broken in pieces. All those who work for hire will be grieved in soul.
11The princes of Zoan are utterly foolish. The counsel of the wisest counselors of Pharaoh has become stupid. How do you say to Pharaoh, “I am the son of the wise, the son of ancient kings”?
12Where then are your wise men? Let them tell you now; and let them know what Yahweh of Armies has purposed concerning Egypt.
13The princes of Zoan have become fools. The princes of Memphis are deceived. They have caused Egypt to go astray, those who are the cornerstone of her tribes.
14Yahweh has mixed a spirit of perverseness in the middle of her; and they have caused Egypt to go astray in all of its works, like a drunken man staggers in his vomit.
15Neither shall there be any work for Egypt, which head or tail, palm branch or rush, may do.
16In that day the Egyptians will be like women. They will tremble and fear because of the shaking of Yahweh of Armies’s hand, which he shakes over them.
17The land of Judah will become a terror to Egypt. Everyone to whom mention is made of it will be afraid, because of the plans of Yahweh of Armies, which he determines against it.
18In that day, there will be five cities in the land of Egypt that speak the language of Canaan, and swear to Yahweh of Armies. One will be called “The city of destruction.”
19In that day, there will be an altar to Yahweh in the middle of the land of Egypt, and a pillar to Yahweh at its border.
20It will be for a sign and for a witness to Yahweh of Armies in the land of Egypt; for they will cry to Yahweh because of oppressors, and he will send them a savior and a defender, and he will deliver them.
21Yahweh will be known to Egypt, and the Egyptians will know Yahweh in that day. Yes, they will worship with sacrifice and offering, and will vow a vow to Yahweh, and will perform it.
22Yahweh will strike Egypt, striking and healing. They will return to Yahweh, and he will be entreated by them, and will heal them.
23In that day there will be a highway out of Egypt to Assyria, and the Assyrian shall come into Egypt, and the Egyptian into Assyria; and the Egyptians will worship with the Assyrians.
24In that day, Israel will be the third with Egypt and with Assyria, a blessing within the earth;
25because Yahweh of Armies has blessed them, saying, “Blessed be Egypt my people, Assyria the work of my hands, and Israel my inheritance.”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 19.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Judgments upon Egypt. (1-17). Its deliverance, and the conversion of the people. (18-25).
vv1-17
God shall come into Egypt with his judgments. He will raise up the causes of their destruction from among themselves. When ungodly men escape danger, they are apt to think themselves secure; but evil pursues sinners, and will speedily overtake them, except they repent. The Egyptians will be given over into the hand of one who shall rule them with rigour, as was shortly after fulfilled. The Egyptians were renowned for wisdom and science; yet the Lord would give them up to their own perverse schemes, and to quarrel, till their land would be brought by their contests to become an object of contempt and pity. He renders sinners afraid of those whom they have despised and oppressed; and the Lord of hosts will make the workers of iniquity a terror to themselves, and to each other; and every object around a terror to them.
vv18-25
The words, "In that day," do not always refer to the passage just before. At a time which was to come, the Egyptians shall speak the holy language, the Scripture language; not only understand it, but use it. Converting grace, by changing the heart, changes the language; for out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaks. So many Jews shall come to Egypt, that they shall soon fill five cities. Where the sun was worshipped, a place infamous for idolatry, even there shall be a wonderful reformation. Christ, the great Altar, who sanctifies every gift, shall be owned, and the gospel sacrifices of prayer and praise shall be offered up. Let the broken-hearted and afflicted, whom the Lord has wounded, and thus taught to return to, and call upon him, take courage; for He will heal their souls, and turn their sorrowing supplications into joyful praises. The Gentile nations shall not only unite with each other in the gospel fold under Christ, the great Shepherd, but they shall all be united with the Jews. They shall be owned together by him; they shall all share in one and the same blessing. Meeting at the same throne of grace, and serving with each other in the same business of religion, should end all disputes, and unite the hearts of believers to each other in holy love.
Key Words
מַשָּׂא: a burden; specifically, tribute, or (abstractly) porterage; figuratively, an utterance, chiefly adoom, especially singing; mental, desire
מִצְרַיִם: Mitsrajim, i.e. Upper and Lower Egypt
הִנֵּה: lo!
רָכַב: to ride (on an animal or in a vehicle); causatively, to place upon (for riding or generally), to despatch
קַל: light; (by implication) rapid (also adverbial)
עָב: properly, an envelope, i.e. darkness (or density, 2 Chronicles 4:17); specifically, a (scud) cloud; also a copse
בּוֹא: to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
אֱלִיל: good for nothing, by anal. vain or vanity; specifically an idol
נוּעַ: to waver, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively (as subjoined)
מִן: properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
Cross References
Isaiah 19Judgment executed upon the gods of Egypt, mirroring the original Exodus visitation.
Supported by JFB
Folly of seeking counsel from charmers and wizards instead of the living God.
Supported by JFB
Physical judgment of the drying up of the Nile accompanying political convulsions.
Supported by JFB
The Hebrew idiom of referring to a large river (like Nile or Euphrates) as a 'sea'.
Supported by JFB
Egypt's proverbial wisdom, contrasted here with the utter foolishness of Pharaoh's counselors.
Supported by JFB
Moses was learned in all the wisdom of Egypt, highlighting Egypt's historical prestige.
Supported by JFB
Prophecies targeting Noph (Memphis) as a deceived center of power in Egypt.
Supported by JFB
The divine pattern of wounding and then binding up/healing those who repent.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Imagery of the Lord making the clouds His chariot or riding upon them.
Supported by JFB
Prophecy of the destruction and burning of the temples/idols of Egypt.
Supported by JFB
God putting a lying or perverse spirit in the mouths of leaders to judge them.
Supported by Matthew Poole
God alone holds the power to kill and make alive, to wound and to heal.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Prophecy of a highway for the remnant, linking Egypt, Assyria, and Israel.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Prophecy of Egypt stretching out her hands in conversion and worship to God.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Gentiles offering pure, acceptable worship globally, fulfilling the altar in Egypt.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Christ breaking down the middle wall of partition to unite former enemies.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Under Christ, national distinctions fade; Greek, Jew, barbarian, Scythian are one.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The unique dependence of rainless Egypt on irrigation rather than direct rainfall.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Historical antiquity of Zoan, reinforcing its status as an ancient royal seat.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Setting up a pillar as a consecrated monument and witness to God.
Supported by Matthew Poole