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Job38

World English Bible · Public Domain

1Then Yahweh answered Job out of the whirlwind,

2“Who is this who darkens counsel by words without knowledge?

3Brace yourself like a man, for I will question you, then you answer me!

4“Where were you when I laid the foundations of the earth? Declare, if you have understanding.

5Who determined its measures, if you know? Or who stretched the line on it?

6What were its foundations fastened on? Or who laid its cornerstone,

7when the morning stars sang together, and all the sons of God shouted for joy?

8“Or who shut up the sea with doors, when it broke out of the womb,

9when I made clouds its garment, and wrapped it in thick darkness,

10marked out for it my bound, set bars and doors,

11and said, ‘You may come here, but no further. Your proud waves shall be stopped here’?

12“Have you commanded the morning in your days, and caused the dawn to know its place,

13that it might take hold of the ends of the earth, and shake the wicked out of it?

14It is changed as clay under the seal, and presented as a garment.

15From the wicked, their light is withheld. The high arm is broken.

16“Have you entered into the springs of the sea? Or have you walked in the recesses of the deep?

17Have the gates of death been revealed to you? Or have you seen the gates of the shadow of death?

18Have you comprehended the earth in its width? Declare, if you know it all.

19“What is the way to the dwelling of light? As for darkness, where is its place,

20that you should take it to its bound, that you should discern the paths to its house?

21Surely you know, for you were born then, and the number of your days is great!

22Have you entered the storehouses of the snow, or have you seen the storehouses of the hail,

23which I have reserved against the time of trouble, against the day of battle and war?

24By what way is the lightning distributed, or the east wind scattered on the earth?

25Who has cut a channel for the flood water, or the path for the thunderstorm,

26to cause it to rain on a land where there is no man, on the wilderness, in which there is no man,

27to satisfy the waste and desolate ground, to cause the tender grass to grow?

28Does the rain have a father? Or who fathers the drops of dew?

29Whose womb did the ice come out of? Who has given birth to the gray frost of the sky?

30The waters become hard like stone, when the surface of the deep is frozen.

31“Can you bind the cluster of the Pleiades, or loosen the cords of Orion?

32Can you lead the constellations out in their season? Or can you guide the Bear with her cubs?

33Do you know the laws of the heavens? Can you establish its dominion over the earth?

34“Can you lift up your voice to the clouds, that abundance of waters may cover you?

35Can you send out lightnings, that they may go? Do they report to you, ‘Here we are’?

36Who has put wisdom in the inward parts? Or who has given understanding to the mind?

37Who can count the clouds by wisdom? Or who can pour out the containers of the sky,

38when the dust runs into a mass, and the clods of earth stick together?

39“Can you hunt the prey for the lioness, or satisfy the appetite of the young lions,

40when they crouch in their dens, and lie in wait in the thicket?

41Who provides for the raven his prey, when his young ones cry to God, and wander for lack of food?

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Job 38.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: God calls upon Job to answer. (1–3). God questions Job. (4–11). Concerning the light and darkness. (12–24). Concerning other mighty works. (25–41).

vv1-3

Job had silenced, but had not convinced his friends. Elihu had silenced Job, but had not brought him to admit his guilt before God. It pleased the Lord to interpose. The Lord, in this discourse, humbles Job, and brings him to repent of his passionate expressions concerning God's providential dealings with him; and this he does, by calling upon Job to compare God's being from everlasting to everlasting, with his own time; God's knowledge of all things, with his own ignorance; and God's almighty power, with his own weakness. Our darkening the counsels of God's wisdom with our folly, is a great provocation to God. Humble faith and sincere obedience see farthest and best into the will of the Lord.

vv4-11

For the humbling of Job, God here shows him his ignorance, even concerning the earth and the sea. As we cannot find fault with God's work, so we need not fear concerning it. The works of his providence, as well as the work of creation, never can be broken; and the work of redemption is no less firm, of which Christ himself is both the Foundation and the Corner-stone. The church stands as firm as the earth.

vv12-24

The Lord questions Job, to convince him of his ignorance, and shame him for his folly in prescribing to God. If we thus try ourselves, we shall soon be brought to own that what we know is nothing in comparison with what we know not. By the tender mercy of our God, the Day-spring from on high has visited us, to give light to those that sit in darkness, whose hearts are turned to it as clay to the seal, 2Co 4:6. God's way in the government of the world is said to be in the sea; this means, that it is hid from us. Let us make sure that the gates of heaven shall be opened to us on the other side of death, and then we need not fear the opening of the gates of death. It is presumptuous for us, who perceive not the breadth of the earth, to dive into the depth of God's counsels. We should neither in the brightest noon count upon perpetual day, nor in the darkest midnight despair of the return of the morning; and this applies to our inward as well as to our outward condition. What folly it is to strive against God! How much is it our interest to seek peace with him, and to keep in his love!

Cross References

Job 38
v2Job 42:3thematic

Job directly quotes this verse back to God, confessing his words lacked knowledge.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v3Job 40:7thematic

Exact verbal parallel where God repeats the demand to gird up loins and answer Him.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v31 Peter 1:13thematic

New Testament command to 'gird up the loins of your mind' based on this imagery.

Supported by JFB

v10Proverbs 8:29thematic

Describes God setting a decree and boundary for the sea that it should not pass.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v11Psalms 104:9thematic

Thematic parallel of God setting a bound that the waters may not pass over.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v31Job 9:9thematic

Job earlier mentioned these same constellations (Arcturus, Orion, Pleiades) which God now challenges him about.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v7Zechariah 4:7thematic

Shouting for joy at the bringing forth of the headstone/cornerstone of the temple.

Supported by JFB

v7Ezra 3:11thematic

Verbal and thematic link of the people shouting for joy at founding the temple.

Supported by JFB

v10Job 26:10thematic

Parallels God's compassing of the waters with bounds until day and night end.

Supported by JFB

v11Jeremiah 5:22thematic

God places sand for the bound of the sea by a perpetual decree.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v36Job 32:8thematic

Elihu's previous assertion that the inspiration of the Almighty gives understanding to the heart.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v1Exodus 19:16-19allusion

God manifesting His presence through tempestuous weather and thunder at Mount Sinai.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v4Job 15:7thematic

Eliphaz's ironic query whether Job was the first man born before the hills.

Supported by JFB

v13Job 24:13-17thematic

Details how the wicked rebel against the light and use darkness as their cover.

Supported by JFB

v41Luke 12:24thematic

Jesus references God feeding the ravens to teach trust in His providence.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v41Matthew 6:26thematic

Parallel instruction on divine providence caring for the birds of the air.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v41Psalms 147:9thematic

Verbal echo: God giving food to the beast and to the young ravens which cry.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v6Job 26:7thematic

Describes God stretching out the north over empty space and hanging earth on nothing.

Supported by JFB

v6Isaiah 28:16typology

Prophetic description of God laying a precious cornerstone in Zion, matching creation imagery.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v8Psalms 33:7thematic

God gathering the waters of the sea together as a heap in storehouses.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v9Genesis 1:2thematic

Darkness covering the deep before light is created, matching the swaddling band image.

Supported by JFB

v14Psalms 104:2thematic

God covering Himself with light as with a garment, illuminating creation.

Supported by JFB

v29Job 37:10thematic

Elihu's previous observation of frost given by the breath of God.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v33Jeremiah 31:35thematic

Identifies the ordinances of the sun, moon, and stars established by God.

Supported by Matthew Poole