2 Samuel4
American Standard Version · Public Domain
1And when Ish-bosheth, Saul’s son, heard that Abner was dead in Hebron, his hands became feeble, and all the Israelites were troubled.
2And Ish-bosheth, Saul’s son, had two men that were captains of bands: the name of the one was Baanah, and the name of the other Rechab, the sons of Rimmon the Beerothite, of the children of Benjamin (for Beeroth also is reckoned to Benjamin:
3and the Beerothites fled to Gittaim, and have been sojourners there until this day).
4Now Jonathan, Saul’s son, had a son that was lame of his feet. He was five years old when the tidings came of Saul and Jonathan out of Jezreel; and his nurse took him up, and fled: and it came to pass, as she made haste to flee, that he fell, and became lame. And his name was Mephibosheth.
5And the sons of Rimmon the Beerothite, Rechab and Baanah, went, and came about the heat of the day to the house of Ish-bosheth, as he took his rest at noon.
6And they came thither into the midst of the house, as though they would have fetched wheat; and they smote him in the body: and Rechab and Baanah his brother escaped.
7Now when they came into the house, as he lay on his bed in his bedchamber, they smote him, and slew him, and beheaded him, and took his head, and went by the way of the Arabah all night.
8And they brought the head of Ish-bosheth unto David to Hebron, and said to the king, Behold, the head of Ish-bosheth, the son of Saul, thine enemy, who sought thy life; and Jehovah hath avenged my lord the king this day of Saul, and of his seed.
9And David answered Rechab and Baanah his brother, the sons of Rimmon the Beerothite, and said unto them, As Jehovah liveth, who hath redeemed my soul out of all adversity,
10when one told me, saying, Behold, Saul is dead, thinking to have brought good tidings, I took hold of him, and slew him in Ziklag, which was the reward I gave him for his tidings.
11How much more, when wicked men have slain a righteous person in his own house upon his bed, shall I not now require his blood of your hand, and take you away from the earth?
12And David commanded his young men, and they slew them, and cut off their hands and their feet, and hanged them up beside the pool in Hebron. But they took the head of Ish-bosheth, and buried it in the grave of Abner in Hebron.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Samuel 4.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Ishbosheth murdered. (1–7). David puts to death the murderers. (8–12).
vv1-7
See how Ishbosheth was murdered! When those difficulties dispirit us, which should sharpen our endeavours, we betray both our heavenly crowns and our earthly lives. Love not sleep, lest thou come to poverty and ruin. The idle soul is an easy prey to the destroyer. We know not when and where death will meet us. When we lie down to sleep, we are not sure that we may not sleep the sleep of death before we awake; nor do we know from what hand the death-blow may come.
vv8-12
A person may be glad to obtain his just wishes, and yet really regret the means by which he receives them. He may be sorry for the death of a person by which he is a gainer. These men shed innocent blood, from the basest motives. David justly executed vengeance upon them. He would not be beholden to any to help him by unlawful practices. God had helped him over many a difficulty, and through many a danger, therefore he depended upon him to crown and complete his own work. He speaks of his redemption from all adversity, as a thing done; though he had many storms yet before him, he knew that He who had delivered, would deliver.
Key Words
שָׁאוּל: Shaul, the name of an Edomite and two Israelites
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
שָׁמַע: to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
אַבְנֵר: Abner, an Israelite
מוּת: to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
חֶבְרוֹן: Chebron, a place in Palestine, also the name of two Israelites
יָד: a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.),
רָפָה: to slacken (in many applications, literal or figurative)
יִשְׂרָאֵל: Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
בָּהַל: to tremble inwardly (or palpitate), i.e. (figuratively) be (causative, make) (suddenly) alarmed or agitated; by implication to hasten anxiously
Cross References
2 Samuel 4David recalls the Amalekite's execution at Ziklag to warn Ish-bosheth's opportunistic murderers.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Establishes that Beeroth of Benjamin was historically reckoned within Benjaminite territory.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Explains why the Beerothites fled to Gittaim following Saul's defeat at Gilboa.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Mephibosheth's lameness is introduced here, crucial for explaining his political disqualification.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Prophetic parallel for hands becoming feeble and hearts melting in terror.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Verbal parallel where the weakening of hands denotes a total loss of courage.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Confirms Mephibosheth's alternate name, Merib-baal, in the Benjaminite genealogies.
Supported by Matthew Poole
David uses the same oath formula, praising God for redeeming his soul from adversity.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallels the murderers' language regarding Saul's relentless search for David's life.
Supported by Matthew Poole
David exposes executed criminals to public view, similar to the hanging of Saul's sons.
Supported by JFB