2 Samuel4
New International Version
1When Ish-Bosheth son of Saul heard that Abner had died in Hebron, he lost courage, and all Israel became alarmed.
2Now Saul’s son had two men who were leaders of raiding bands. One was named Baanah and the other Rekab; they were sons of Rimmon the Beerothite from the tribe of Benjamin—Beeroth is considered part of Benjamin,
3because the people of Beeroth fled to Gittaim and have resided there as foreigners to this day.
4(Jonathan son of Saul had a son who was lame in both feet. He was five years old when the news about Saul and Jonathan came from Jezreel. His nurse picked him up and fled, but as she hurried to leave, he fell and became disabled. His name was Mephibosheth.)
5Now Rekab and Baanah, the sons of Rimmon the Beerothite, set out for the house of Ish-Bosheth, and they arrived there in the heat of the day while he was taking his noonday rest.
6They went into the inner part of the house as if to get some wheat, and they stabbed him in the stomach. Then Rekab and his brother Baanah slipped away.
7They had gone into the house while he was lying on the bed in his bedroom. After they stabbed and killed him, they cut off his head. Taking it with them, they traveled all night by way of the Arabah.
8They brought the head of Ish-Bosheth to David at Hebron and said to the king, “Here is the head of Ish-Bosheth son of Saul, your enemy, who tried to kill you. This day the Lord has avenged my lord the king against Saul and his offspring.”
9David answered Rekab and his brother Baanah, the sons of Rimmon the Beerothite, “As surely as the Lord lives, who has delivered me out of every trouble,
10when someone told me, ‘Saul is dead,’ and thought he was bringing good news, I seized him and put him to death in Ziklag. That was the reward I gave him for his news!
11How much more—when wicked men have killed an innocent man in his own house and on his own bed—should I not now demand his blood from your hand and rid the earth of you!”
12So David gave an order to his men, and they killed them. They cut off their hands and feet and hung the bodies by the pool in Hebron. But they took the head of Ish-Bosheth and buried it in Abner’s tomb at Hebron.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Samuel 4.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Ishbosheth murdered. (1–7). David puts to death the murderers. (8–12).
vv1-7
See how Ishbosheth was murdered! When those difficulties dispirit us, which should sharpen our endeavours, we betray both our heavenly crowns and our earthly lives. Love not sleep, lest thou come to poverty and ruin. The idle soul is an easy prey to the destroyer. We know not when and where death will meet us. When we lie down to sleep, we are not sure that we may not sleep the sleep of death before we awake; nor do we know from what hand the death-blow may come.
vv8-12
A person may be glad to obtain his just wishes, and yet really regret the means by which he receives them. He may be sorry for the death of a person by which he is a gainer. These men shed innocent blood, from the basest motives. David justly executed vengeance upon them. He would not be beholden to any to help him by unlawful practices. God had helped him over many a difficulty, and through many a danger, therefore he depended upon him to crown and complete his own work. He speaks of his redemption from all adversity, as a thing done; though he had many storms yet before him, he knew that He who had delivered, would deliver.
Key Words
שָׁאוּל: Shaul, the name of an Edomite and two Israelites
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
שָׁמַע: to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
אַבְנֵר: Abner, an Israelite
מוּת: to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
חֶבְרוֹן: Chebron, a place in Palestine, also the name of two Israelites
יָד: a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.),
רָפָה: to slacken (in many applications, literal or figurative)
יִשְׂרָאֵל: Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
בָּהַל: to tremble inwardly (or palpitate), i.e. (figuratively) be (causative, make) (suddenly) alarmed or agitated; by implication to hasten anxiously
Cross References
2 Samuel 4David recalls the Amalekite's execution at Ziklag to warn Ish-bosheth's opportunistic murderers.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Establishes that Beeroth of Benjamin was historically reckoned within Benjaminite territory.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Explains why the Beerothites fled to Gittaim following Saul's defeat at Gilboa.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Mephibosheth's lameness is introduced here, crucial for explaining his political disqualification.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Prophetic parallel for hands becoming feeble and hearts melting in terror.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Verbal parallel where the weakening of hands denotes a total loss of courage.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Confirms Mephibosheth's alternate name, Merib-baal, in the Benjaminite genealogies.
Supported by Matthew Poole
David uses the same oath formula, praising God for redeeming his soul from adversity.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallels the murderers' language regarding Saul's relentless search for David's life.
Supported by Matthew Poole
David exposes executed criminals to public view, similar to the hanging of Saul's sons.
Supported by JFB