2 Samuel4
World English Bible · Public Domain
1When Saul’s son heard that Abner was dead in Hebron, his hands became feeble, and all the Israelites were troubled.
2Saul’s son had two men who were captains of raiding bands. The name of one was Baanah and the name of the other Rechab, the sons of Rimmon the Beerothite, of the children of Benjamin (for Beeroth also is considered a part of Benjamin;
3and the Beerothites fled to Gittaim, and have lived as foreigners there until today).
4Now Jonathan, Saul’s son, had a son who was lame in his feet. He was five years old when the news came about Saul and Jonathan out of Jezreel; and his nurse picked him up and fled. As she hurried to flee, he fell and became lame. His name was Mephibosheth.
5The sons of Rimmon the Beerothite, Rechab and Baanah, went out and came at about the heat of the day to the house of Ishbosheth as he took his rest at noon.
6They came there into the middle of the house as though they would have fetched wheat, and they struck him in the body; and Rechab and Baanah his brother escaped.
7Now when they came into the house as he lay on his bed in his bedroom, they struck him, killed him, beheaded him, and took his head, and went by the way of the Arabah all night.
8They brought the head of Ishbosheth to David to Hebron, and said to the king, “Behold, the head of Ishbosheth, the son of Saul, your enemy, who sought your life! Yahweh has avenged my lord the king today of Saul and of his offspring.”
9David answered Rechab and Baanah his brother, the sons of Rimmon the Beerothite, and said to them, “As Yahweh lives, who has redeemed my soul out of all adversity,
10when someone told me, ‘Behold, Saul is dead,’ thinking that he brought good news, I seized him and killed him in Ziklag, which was the reward I gave him for his news.
11How much more, when wicked men have slain a righteous person in his own house on his bed, should I not now require his blood from your hand, and rid the earth of you?”
12David commanded his young men, and they killed them, cut off their hands and their feet, and hanged them up beside the pool in Hebron. But they took the head of Ishbosheth and buried it in Abner’s grave in Hebron.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Samuel 4.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Ishbosheth murdered. (1–7). David puts to death the murderers. (8–12).
vv1-7
See how Ishbosheth was murdered! When those difficulties dispirit us, which should sharpen our endeavours, we betray both our heavenly crowns and our earthly lives. Love not sleep, lest thou come to poverty and ruin. The idle soul is an easy prey to the destroyer. We know not when and where death will meet us. When we lie down to sleep, we are not sure that we may not sleep the sleep of death before we awake; nor do we know from what hand the death-blow may come.
vv8-12
A person may be glad to obtain his just wishes, and yet really regret the means by which he receives them. He may be sorry for the death of a person by which he is a gainer. These men shed innocent blood, from the basest motives. David justly executed vengeance upon them. He would not be beholden to any to help him by unlawful practices. God had helped him over many a difficulty, and through many a danger, therefore he depended upon him to crown and complete his own work. He speaks of his redemption from all adversity, as a thing done; though he had many storms yet before him, he knew that He who had delivered, would deliver.
Key Words
שָׁאוּל: Shaul, the name of an Edomite and two Israelites
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
שָׁמַע: to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
אַבְנֵר: Abner, an Israelite
מוּת: to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
חֶבְרוֹן: Chebron, a place in Palestine, also the name of two Israelites
יָד: a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.),
רָפָה: to slacken (in many applications, literal or figurative)
יִשְׂרָאֵל: Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
בָּהַל: to tremble inwardly (or palpitate), i.e. (figuratively) be (causative, make) (suddenly) alarmed or agitated; by implication to hasten anxiously
Cross References
2 Samuel 4David recalls the Amalekite's execution at Ziklag to warn Ish-bosheth's opportunistic murderers.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Establishes that Beeroth of Benjamin was historically reckoned within Benjaminite territory.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Explains why the Beerothites fled to Gittaim following Saul's defeat at Gilboa.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Mephibosheth's lameness is introduced here, crucial for explaining his political disqualification.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Prophetic parallel for hands becoming feeble and hearts melting in terror.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Verbal parallel where the weakening of hands denotes a total loss of courage.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Confirms Mephibosheth's alternate name, Merib-baal, in the Benjaminite genealogies.
Supported by Matthew Poole
David uses the same oath formula, praising God for redeeming his soul from adversity.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallels the murderers' language regarding Saul's relentless search for David's life.
Supported by Matthew Poole
David exposes executed criminals to public view, similar to the hanging of Saul's sons.
Supported by JFB