Jeremiah4
American Standard Version · Public Domain
1If thou wilt return, O Israel, saith Jehovah, if thou wilt return unto me, and if thou wilt put away thine abominations out of my sight; then shalt thou not be removed;
2and thou shalt swear, As Jehovah liveth, in truth, in justice, and in righteousness; and the nations shall bless themselves in him, and in him shall they glory.
3For thus saith Jehovah to the men of Judah and to Jerusalem, Break up your fallow ground, and sow not among thorns.
4Circumcise yourselves to Jehovah, and take away the foreskins of your heart, ye men of Judah and inhabitants of Jerusalem; lest my wrath go forth like fire, and burn so that none can quench it, because of the evil of your doings.
5Declare ye in Judah, and publish in Jerusalem; and say, Blow ye the trumpet in the land: cry aloud and say, Assemble yourselves, and let us go into the fortified cities.
6Set up a standard toward Zion: flee for safety, stay not; for I will bring evil from the north, and a great destruction.
7A lion is gone up from his thicket, and a destroyer of nations; he is on his way, he is gone forth from his place, to make thy land desolate, that thy cities be laid waste, without inhabitant.
8For this gird you with sackcloth, lament and wail; for the fierce anger of Jehovah is not turned back from us.
9And it shall come to pass at that day, saith Jehovah, that the heart of the king shall perish, and the heart of the princes; and the priests shall be astonished, and the prophets shall wonder.
10Then said I, Ah, Lord Jehovah! surely thou hast greatly deceived this people and Jerusalem, saying, Ye shall have peace; whereas the sword reacheth unto the life.
11At that time shall it be said to this people and to Jerusalem, A hot wind from the bare heights in the wilderness toward the daughter of my people, not to winnow, nor to cleanse;
12a full wind from these shall come for me: now will I also utter judgments against them.
13Behold, he shall come up as clouds, and his chariots shall be as the whirlwind: his horses are swifter than eagles. Woe unto us! for we are ruined.
14O Jerusalem, wash thy heart from wickedness, that thou mayest be saved. How long shall thine evil thoughts lodge within thee?
15For a voice declareth from Dan, and publisheth evil from the hills of Ephraim.
16Make ye mention to the nations; behold, publish against Jerusalem, that watchers come from a far country, and give out their voice against the cities of Judah.
17As keepers of a field are they against her round about, because she hath been rebellious against me, saith Jehovah.
18Thy way and thy doings have procured these things unto thee; this is thy wickedness; for it is bitter, for it reacheth unto thy heart.
19My anguish, my anguish! I am pained at my very heart; my heart is disquieted in me; I cannot hold my peace; because thou hast heard, O my soul, the sound of the trumpet, the alarm of war.
20Destruction upon destruction is cried; for the whole land is laid waste: suddenly are my tents destroyed, and my curtains in a moment.
21How long shall I see the standard, and hear the sound of the trumpet?
22For my people are foolish, they know me not; they are sottish children, and they have no understanding; they are wise to do evil, but to do good they have no knowledge.
23I beheld the earth, and, lo, it was waste and void; and the heavens, and they had no light.
24I beheld the mountains, and, lo, they trembled, and all the hills moved to and fro.
25I beheld, and, lo, there was no man, and all the birds of the heavens were fled.
26I beheld, and, lo, the fruitful field was a wilderness, and all the cities thereof were broken down at the presence of Jehovah, and before his fierce anger.
27For thus saith Jehovah, The whole land shall be a desolation; yet will I not make a full end.
28For this shall the earth mourn, and the heavens above be black; because I have spoken it, I have purposed it, and I have not repented, neither will I turn back from it.
29Every city fleeth for the noise of the horsemen and bowmen; they go into the thickets, and climb up upon the rocks: every city is forsaken, and not a man dwelleth therein.
30And thou, when thou art made desolate, what wilt thou do? Though thou clothest thyself with scarlet, though thou deckest thee with ornaments of gold, though thou enlargest thine eyes with paint, in vain dost thou make thyself fair; thy lovers despise thee, they seek thy life.
31For I have heard a voice as of a woman in travail, the anguish as of her that bringeth forth her first child, the voice of the daughter of Zion, that gaspeth for breath, that spreadeth her hands, saying, Woe is me now! for my soul fainteth before the murderers.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Jeremiah 4.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Exhortations and promises. (1-2). Judah exhorted to repentance. (3-4). Judgements denounced. (5-18). The approaching ruin of Judah. (19-31).
vv1-2
The first two verses should be read with the last chapter. Sin must be put away out of the heart, else it is not put away out of God's sight, for the heart is open before him.
vv3-4
An unhumbled heart is like ground untilled. It is ground which may be improved; it is our ground let out to us; but it is fallow; it is over-grown with thorns and weeds, the natural product of the corrupt heart. Let us entreat the Lord to create in us a clean heart, and to renew a right spirit within us; for except a man be born again, he cannot enter into the kingdom of heaven.
vv5-18
The fierce conqueror of the neighbouring nations was to make Judah desolate. The prophet was afflicted to see the people lulled into security by false prophets. The approach of the enemy is described. Some attention was paid in Jerusalem to outward reformation; but it was necessary that their hearts should be washed, in the exercise of true repentance and faith, from the love and pollution of sin. When lesser calamities do not rouse sinners and reform nations, sentence will be given against them. The Lord's voice declares that misery is approaching, especially against wicked professors of the gospel; when it overtakes them, it will be plainly seen that the fruit of wickedness is bitter, and the end is fatal.
Key Words
אִם: used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also Oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
שׁוּב: to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally to retreat; often adverbial, again
יִשְׂרָאֵל: Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
נְאֻם: an oracle
סוּר: to turn off (literal or figurative)
שִׁקּוּץ: disgusting, i.e. filthy; especially idolatrous or (concretely) an idol
מִן: properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
פָּנִים: the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (before, etc.)
לֹא: not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
נוּד: to nod, i.e. waver; figuratively, to wander, flee, disappear; also (from shaking the head in sympathy), to console, deplore, or (from tossing the head in scorn) taunt
Cross References
Jeremiah 4Direct verbal echo of 'break up your fallow ground' used metaphorically for repentance.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Theological foundation of spiritual circumcision, demanding taking away the foreskin of the heart.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
New Testament fulfillment of circumcision of the heart in the spirit, not the letter.
Supported by JFB
Deuteronomic promise of God circumcising the heart to love Him fully.
Supported by JFB
Parallels Jeremiah's lament over false prophets promising 'ye shall have peace' before destruction.
Supported by JFB
Parallel theme of one's own wickedness and backsliding correcting and bringing bitterness.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Verbal echo of 'without form, and void' (tohu va-bohu), depicting creation undone by judgment.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The promise of nations blessing themselves, traced back to Abrahamic Covenant.
Supported by JFB
Command to swear only by God's name as an act of exclusive worship.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Metaphor of the destructive east wind from the wilderness representing invading armies.
Supported by JFB
The Deuteronomy 28 covenant curse of a nation swifter than eagles invading.
Supported by JFB
Echos the phrase of swearing in truth and nations blessing themselves in Him.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
New Testament parallel linking true spiritual circumcision to putting off the body of sins.
Supported by JFB
Identical urgent call to assemble and enter into the defenced cities.
Supported by JFB
Historical precedent of putting away abominable idols under King Asa's reforms.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Theological parallel of God permitting false prophets to deceive a self-deceived people.
Supported by JFB