Lamentations3
English Standard Version
1 am the who has under the of his ;
2he has and me into any ;
3 against me he his again and the long.
4He has my and my ; he has my ;
5he has and me with and ;
6he has made me in like the of .
7He has me so that I ; he has my ;
8 I and for help, he my ;
9he has my with blocks of ; he has my .
10He is a lying in for me, a in ;
11he my and tore me to ; he has me ;
12he his and me as a for his .
13He into my the of his ;
14I have become the of , the object of their long.
15He has me with ; he has with .
16He has my on , and made me in ;
17my is of ; I have what ;
18so I , My has ; so has my the Lord.
19 my and my , the and the !
20My it and is me.
21But I to , and I have :
22 of the Lord ; come to an ;
23they are every ; is your .
24The Lord is my , my , I will in him.
25The Lord is to those who for him, to the who him.
26It is that one should for the of the Lord.
27It is for a he the in his .
28Let him in it is him;
29let him his in the — there may yet ;
30let him his to the one who , and let him be with .
31 the will ,
32 , he , he will have according to the of his ;
33 he does or the of .
34To the of the ,
35to a the of the ,
36to a in his , the does .
37 has and it came to pass, the has it?
38Is it the of the that and ?
39 should a , a , the punishment of his ?
40Let us and our , and to the Lord!
41Let us our and to in :
42 have and , and you have .
43You have yourself with and us, ;
44you have yourself with a so that can .
45You have us and the .
46 our their us;
47 and have come upon us, and ;
48my with of of the of the of my .
49My will , ,
50 the Lord and ;
51my me at the of the of my .
52I have been like a by those who were my ;
53they me into the and on me;
54 my ; I , I am .
55I on your , O Lord, the of the ;
56you my , Do your to my for !
57You came I on you; you , Do !
58You have , O ; you have my .
59You have the wrong done to , O Lord; my .
60You have their , their against me.
61You have their , O Lord, their against me.
62The and of my are me the long.
63 their and their ; I am the object of their .
64You will them, O Lord, according to the of their .
65You will them of ; your will be on them.
66You will them in and them your , O Lord.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Lamentations 3.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The faithful lament their calamities, and hope in God's mercies. (1-41).
vv1-20
The prophet relates the more gloomy and discouraging part of his experience, and how he found support and relief. In the time of his trial the Lord had become terrible to him. It was an affliction that was misery itself; for sin makes the cup of affliction a bitter cup. The struggle between unbelief and faith is often very severe. But the weakest believer is wrong, if he thinks that his strength and hope are perished from the Lord.
vv21-36
Having stated his distress and temptation, the prophet shows how he was raised above it. Bad as things are, it is owing to the mercy of God that they are not worse. We should observe what makes for us, as well as what is against us. God's compassions fail not; of this we have fresh instances every morning. Portions on earth are perishing things, but God is a portion for ever. It is our duty, and will be our comfort and satisfaction, to hope and quietly to wait for the salvation of the Lord. Afflictions do and will work very much for good: many have found it good to bear this yoke in their youth; it has made many humble and serious, and has weaned them from the world, who otherwise would have been proud and unruly. If tribulation work patience, that patience will work experience, and that experience a hope that makes not ashamed. Due thoughts of the evil of sin, and of our own sinfulness, will convince us that it is of the Lord's mercies we are not consumed. If we cannot say with unwavering voice, The Lord is my portion; may we not say, I desire to have Him for my portion and salvation, and in his word do I hope? Happy shall we be, if we learn to receive affliction as laid upon us by the hand of God.
vv37-41
While there is life there is hope; and instead of complaining that things are bad, we should encourage ourselves with the hope they will be better. We are sinful men, and what we complain of, is far less than our sins deserve. We should complain to God, and not of him. We are apt, in times of calamity, to reflect on other people's ways, and blame them; but our duty is to search and try our own ways, that we may turn from evil to God. Our hearts must go with our prayers. If inward impressions do not answer to outward expressions, we mock God, and deceive ourselves.
Key Words
אֲנִי: I
גֶּבֶר: properly, a valiant man or warrior; generally, a person simply
רָאָה: to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
עֳנִי: depression, i.e. misery
שֵׁבֶט: a scion, i.e. (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting, ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan
עֶבְרָה: an outburst of passion
נָהַג: to drive forth (a person, an animal or chariot), i.e. lead, carry away; reflexively, to proceed (i.e. impel or guide oneself); also (from the panting induced by effort), to sigh
יָלַךְ: to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses)
חֹשֶׁךְ: the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness
לֹא: not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
Cross References
Lamentations 3Jeremiah's prophesied doom of feeding this people wormwood and gall is here realized in experience.
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Messiah, the ultimate antitype, literally gave His cheek to be smitten in fulfillment of this pattern.
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Jeremiah's literal imprisonment in the miry dungeon of Malchiah prefigures his and Israel's affliction.
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Direct verbal parallel: 'set me in dark places, as those that have been long dead.'
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God hedges up the way with thorns or stone so that the path cannot be found.
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The agony of crying out to God and being met with silence and shut-out prayers.
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Reflects the levitical promise that the Lord Himself is the believer's portion and inheritance.
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Echoes the confession that though flesh and heart fail, God is the portion of the soul forever.
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Christ's invitation to take His easy yoke is the spiritual antidote to bearing disciplinary grief.
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Verbal echo within the chapter on God shutting out prayers and covering Himself from supplication.
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Job's parallel complaint of crying out to God but being shut out or ignored.
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Enemies opening their mouths in derision; a typological link connecting Jeremiah's suffering to Christ.
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Job describes himself as their song, matching 'I am their musick' in Lam 3:63.
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Direct internal echo within the chapter; the speaker laments being a derisive song to the people.
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Parallel description of extreme physical wasting and skin made old as divine chastisement.
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The sufferer is set as a mark or target for God's arrows.
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Jeremiah's personal lament of becoming a laughingstock and derision all the day long.
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The righteous sufferer and ultimate Messiah becoming the song of the drunkards and mockers.
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The sudden cry of despair: 'I said in my haste, I am cut off.'
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God's unchanging character and mercies are the sole reason the children of Jacob are not consumed.
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The Lord waits to be gracious; blessed are all those who wait quietly for Him.
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Exhortation to rest in the Lord and wait patiently for Him in silent submission.
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Putting one's mouth in the dust matches Job's ultimate posture of self-abhorrence and deep repentance.
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Stresses that calamity does not occur in a city unless the Lord has sovereignly permitted it.
God forms light, creates darkness, makes peace, and creates calamity; He is sovereign over both.
Paul's use of 'offscouring' (peripsēma) directly echoes the Greek translation of Lamentations 3:45.
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Jeremiah's famous desire for his eyes to be a fountain of tears for his people's ruin.
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Being hated and chased 'without cause,' matching the Hebrew phrasing used by the Psalmist.
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The classic cry to God out of the depths (low dungeon) of despair and distress.
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God's intimate knowledge of the believer's 'downsitting and uprising' contrasted with the enemies' mocking observation.
Identical prayer language of rendering a recompense according to the work of their hands.
Jeremiah's personal appeal for God's righteous vengeance upon his malicious, conspiring persecutors.
New Testament parallel of committing judgment to God: 'render to him according to his works.'
Being counted among those who lie in the grave, remembered no more.
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God acting as a hidden leopard, lion, or bear lying in wait to rend.
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The arrows of the Almighty's quiver drinking up the spirit within.
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