Lamentations3
New Living Translation
1I am the one who has seen the afflictions that come from the rod of the Lord’s anger.
2He has led me into darkness, shutting out all light.
3He has turned his hand against me again and again, all day long.
4He has made my skin and flesh grow old. He has broken my bones.
5He has besieged and surrounded me with anguish and distress.
6He has buried me in a dark place, like those long dead.
7He has walled me in, and I cannot escape. He has bound me in heavy chains.
8And though I cry and shout, he has shut out my prayers.
9He has blocked my way with a high stone wall; he has made my road crooked.
10He has hidden like a bear or a lion, waiting to attack me.
11He has dragged me off the path and torn me in pieces, leaving me helpless and devastated.
12He has drawn his bow and made me the target for his arrows.
13He shot his arrows deep into my heart.
14My own people laugh at me. All day long they sing their mocking songs.
15He has filled me with bitterness and given me a bitter cup of sorrow to drink.
16He has made me chew on gravel. He has rolled me in the dust.
17Peace has been stripped away, and I have forgotten what prosperity is.
18I cry out, “My splendor is gone! Everything I had hoped for from the Lord is lost!”
19The thought of my suffering and homelessness is bitter beyond words.
20I will never forget this awful time, as I grieve over my loss.
21Yet I still dare to hope when I remember this:
22The faithful love of the Lord never ends! His mercies never cease.
23Great is his faithfulness; his mercies begin afresh each morning.
24I say to myself, “The Lord is my inheritance; therefore, I will hope in him!”
25The Lord is good to those who depend on him, to those who search for him.
26So it is good to wait quietly for salvation from the Lord.
27And it is good for people to submit at an early age to the yoke of his discipline:
28Let them sit alone in silence beneath the Lord’s demands.
29Let them lie face down in the dust, for there may be hope at last.
30Let them turn the other cheek to those who strike them and accept the insults of their enemies.
31For no one is abandoned by the Lord forever.
32Though he brings grief, he also shows compassion because of the greatness of his unfailing love.
33For he does not enjoy hurting people or causing them sorrow.
34If people crush underfoot all the prisoners of the land,
35if they deprive others of their rights in defiance of the Most High,
36if they twist justice in the courts— doesn’t the Lord see all these things?
37Who can command things to happen without the Lord’s permission?
38Does not the Most High send both calamity and good?
39Then why should we, mere humans, complain when we are punished for our sins?
40Instead, let us test and examine our ways. Let us turn back to the Lord.
41Let us lift our hearts and hands to God in heaven and say,
42“We have sinned and rebelled, and you have not forgiven us.
43“You have engulfed us with your anger, chased us down, and slaughtered us without mercy.
44You have hidden yourself in a cloud so our prayers cannot reach you.
45You have discarded us as refuse and garbage among the nations.
46“All our enemies have spoken out against us.
47We are filled with fear, for we are trapped, devastated, and ruined.”
48Tears stream from my eyes because of the destruction of my people!
49My tears flow endlessly; they will not stop
50until the Lord looks down from heaven and sees.
51My heart is breaking over the fate of all the women of Jerusalem.
52My enemies, whom I have never harmed, hunted me down like a bird.
53They threw me into a pit and dropped stones on me.
54The water rose over my head, and I cried out, “This is the end!”
55But I called on your name, Lord, from deep within the pit.
56You heard me when I cried, “Listen to my pleading! Hear my cry for help!”
57Yes, you came when I called; you told me, “Do not fear.”
58Lord, you have come to my defense; you have redeemed my life.
59You have seen the wrong they have done to me, Lord. Be my judge, and prove me right.
60You have seen the vengeful plots my enemies have laid against me.
61Lord, you have heard the vile names they call me. You know all about the plans they have made.
62My enemies whisper and mutter as they plot against me all day long.
63Look at them! Whether they sit or stand, I am the object of their mocking songs.
64Pay them back, Lord, for all the evil they have done.
65Give them hard and stubborn hearts, and then let your curse fall on them!
66Chase them down in your anger, destroying them beneath the Lord’s heavens.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Lamentations 3.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The faithful lament their calamities, and hope in God's mercies. (1-41).
vv1-20
The prophet relates the more gloomy and discouraging part of his experience, and how he found support and relief. In the time of his trial the Lord had become terrible to him. It was an affliction that was misery itself; for sin makes the cup of affliction a bitter cup. The struggle between unbelief and faith is often very severe. But the weakest believer is wrong, if he thinks that his strength and hope are perished from the Lord.
vv21-36
Having stated his distress and temptation, the prophet shows how he was raised above it. Bad as things are, it is owing to the mercy of God that they are not worse. We should observe what makes for us, as well as what is against us. God's compassions fail not; of this we have fresh instances every morning. Portions on earth are perishing things, but God is a portion for ever. It is our duty, and will be our comfort and satisfaction, to hope and quietly to wait for the salvation of the Lord. Afflictions do and will work very much for good: many have found it good to bear this yoke in their youth; it has made many humble and serious, and has weaned them from the world, who otherwise would have been proud and unruly. If tribulation work patience, that patience will work experience, and that experience a hope that makes not ashamed. Due thoughts of the evil of sin, and of our own sinfulness, will convince us that it is of the Lord's mercies we are not consumed. If we cannot say with unwavering voice, The Lord is my portion; may we not say, I desire to have Him for my portion and salvation, and in his word do I hope? Happy shall we be, if we learn to receive affliction as laid upon us by the hand of God.
vv37-41
While there is life there is hope; and instead of complaining that things are bad, we should encourage ourselves with the hope they will be better. We are sinful men, and what we complain of, is far less than our sins deserve. We should complain to God, and not of him. We are apt, in times of calamity, to reflect on other people's ways, and blame them; but our duty is to search and try our own ways, that we may turn from evil to God. Our hearts must go with our prayers. If inward impressions do not answer to outward expressions, we mock God, and deceive ourselves.
Key Words
אֲנִי: I
גֶּבֶר: properly, a valiant man or warrior; generally, a person simply
רָאָה: to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
עֳנִי: depression, i.e. misery
שֵׁבֶט: a scion, i.e. (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting, ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan
עֶבְרָה: an outburst of passion
נָהַג: to drive forth (a person, an animal or chariot), i.e. lead, carry away; reflexively, to proceed (i.e. impel or guide oneself); also (from the panting induced by effort), to sigh
יָלַךְ: to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses)
חֹשֶׁךְ: the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness
לֹא: not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
Cross References
Lamentations 3Jeremiah's prophesied doom of feeding this people wormwood and gall is here realized in experience.
Supported by JFB
Messiah, the ultimate antitype, literally gave His cheek to be smitten in fulfillment of this pattern.
Supported by JFB
Jeremiah's literal imprisonment in the miry dungeon of Malchiah prefigures his and Israel's affliction.
Supported by JFB
Direct verbal parallel: 'set me in dark places, as those that have been long dead.'
Supported by JFB
God hedges up the way with thorns or stone so that the path cannot be found.
Supported by JFB
The agony of crying out to God and being met with silence and shut-out prayers.
Supported by JFB
Reflects the levitical promise that the Lord Himself is the believer's portion and inheritance.
Supported by JFB
Echoes the confession that though flesh and heart fail, God is the portion of the soul forever.
Supported by JFB
Christ's invitation to take His easy yoke is the spiritual antidote to bearing disciplinary grief.
Supported by JFB
Verbal echo within the chapter on God shutting out prayers and covering Himself from supplication.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Job's parallel complaint of crying out to God but being shut out or ignored.
Supported by JFB
Enemies opening their mouths in derision; a typological link connecting Jeremiah's suffering to Christ.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Job describes himself as their song, matching 'I am their musick' in Lam 3:63.
Supported by JFB
Direct internal echo within the chapter; the speaker laments being a derisive song to the people.
Supported by JFB
Parallel description of extreme physical wasting and skin made old as divine chastisement.
Supported by JFB
The sufferer is set as a mark or target for God's arrows.
Supported by JFB
Jeremiah's personal lament of becoming a laughingstock and derision all the day long.
Supported by JFB
The righteous sufferer and ultimate Messiah becoming the song of the drunkards and mockers.
Supported by JFB
The sudden cry of despair: 'I said in my haste, I am cut off.'
Supported by JFB
God's unchanging character and mercies are the sole reason the children of Jacob are not consumed.
Supported by JFB
The Lord waits to be gracious; blessed are all those who wait quietly for Him.
Supported by JFB
Exhortation to rest in the Lord and wait patiently for Him in silent submission.
Supported by JFB
Putting one's mouth in the dust matches Job's ultimate posture of self-abhorrence and deep repentance.
Supported by JFB
Stresses that calamity does not occur in a city unless the Lord has sovereignly permitted it.
God forms light, creates darkness, makes peace, and creates calamity; He is sovereign over both.
Paul's use of 'offscouring' (peripsēma) directly echoes the Greek translation of Lamentations 3:45.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Jeremiah's famous desire for his eyes to be a fountain of tears for his people's ruin.
Supported by John Calvin
Being hated and chased 'without cause,' matching the Hebrew phrasing used by the Psalmist.
Supported by JFB
The classic cry to God out of the depths (low dungeon) of despair and distress.
Supported by John Calvin
God's intimate knowledge of the believer's 'downsitting and uprising' contrasted with the enemies' mocking observation.
Identical prayer language of rendering a recompense according to the work of their hands.
Jeremiah's personal appeal for God's righteous vengeance upon his malicious, conspiring persecutors.
New Testament parallel of committing judgment to God: 'render to him according to his works.'
Being counted among those who lie in the grave, remembered no more.
Supported by JFB
God acting as a hidden leopard, lion, or bear lying in wait to rend.
Supported by JFB
The arrows of the Almighty's quiver drinking up the spirit within.
Supported by JFB