1 Chronicles 12NASB
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1 Chronicles12

New American Standard

1Now these are the men who came to David at Ziklag, while he was still restricted because of Saul the son of Kish; and they were among the mighty men who helped him in war.

2They were equipped with bows, using both the right hand and the left to sling stones and shoot arrows with the bow; they were Saul’s kinsmen from Benjamin.

3The chief was Ahiezer, then Joash, the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; and Jeziel and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth, and Beracah, and Jehu the Anathothite,

4and Ishmaiah the Gibeonite, a mighty man among the thirty, and in charge of the thirty. Then Jeremiah, Jahaziel, Johanan, Jozabad the Gederathite,

5Eluzai, Jerimoth, Bealiah, Shemariah, Shephatiah the Haruphite,

6Elkanah, Isshiah, Azarel, Joezer, Jashobeam, the Korahites,

7and Joelah and Zebadiah, the sons of Jeroham of Gedor.

8From the Gadites valiant mighty men went over to David at the stronghold in the wilderness, men trained for war who could handle a large shield and spear, whose faces were like the faces of lions, and they were as swift as the gazelles on the mountains.

9Ezer was the first, Obadiah the second, Eliab the third,

10Mishmannah the fourth, Jeremiah the fifth,

11Attai the sixth, Eliel the seventh,

12Johanan the eighth, Elzabad the ninth,

13Jeremiah the tenth, and Machbannai, the eleventh.

14These men from the sons of Gad were captains of the army; the one who was least was equal to a hundred, and the greatest, to a thousand.

15These are the ones who crossed the Jordan in the first month, when it was overflowing all its banks, and they put to flight all those in the valleys, to the east and to the west.

16Then some of the sons of Benjamin and Judah came to the stronghold to David.

17David went out to meet them, and said to them, “If you come peacefully to help me, my heart shall be united with you; but if to betray me to my enemies, since there is no wrong in my hands, may the God of our fathers look on it and decide.”

18Then the Spirit covered Amasai like clothing, the chief of the thirty; and he said, “We are yours, David, And are with you, son of Jesse! Peace, peace to you, And peace to him who helps you; Indeed, your God helps you!” Then David received them and made them captains of the troops.

19From Manasseh some also defected to David when he was about to go to battle with the Philistines against Saul. But they did not help them, because the governors of the Philistines sent him away after consultation, saying, “At the cost of our heads he might defect to his master Saul.”

20As he was going to Ziklag, men from Manasseh defected to him: Adnah, Jozabad, Jediael, Michael, Jozabad, Elihu, and Zillethai, captains of thousands who belonged to Manasseh.

21They helped David against the band of raiders, for they were all valiant mighty men, and were captains in the army.

22For day by day men came to David to help him, until there was a great army like the army of God.

23Now these are the numbers of the divisions equipped for war, who came to David at Hebron, to turn the kingdom of Saul to him, according to the word of the Lord.

24The sons of Judah who carried shield and spear numbered 6,800, equipped for war.

25From the sons of Simeon, valiant mighty men of war, 7,100.

26From the sons of Levi, 4,600.

27Now Jehoiada was the leader of the house of Aaron, and with him were 3,700,

28also Zadok, a young valiant mighty man, and from his father’s house, twenty-two captains.

29From the sons of Benjamin, Saul’s kinsmen, three thousand; for until now the majority of them had kept their allegiance to the house of Saul.

30From the sons of Ephraim 20,800, valiant mighty men, famous men in their fathers’ households.

31From the half-tribe of Manasseh eighteen thousand, who were designated by name to come and make David king.

32From the sons of Issachar, men who understood the times, with knowledge of what Israel should do, their chiefs were two hundred; and all their kinsmen were at their command.

33From Zebulun, there were fifty thousand who went out in the army, who could draw up in battle formation with all kinds of weapons of war and helped David with an undivided heart.

34From Naphtali there were a thousand captains, and with them thirty-seven thousand with shield and spear.

35From the Danites who could draw up in battle formation, there were 28,600.

36From Asher there were forty thousand who went out in the army to draw up in battle formation.

37From the other side of the Jordan, from the Reubenites, the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh, there were 120,000 with all kinds of weapons of war for the battle.

38All of these, being men of war who helped in battle formation, came to Hebron with a perfect heart to make David king over all Israel; and all the rest of Israel also were of one mind to make David king.

39They were there with David for three days, eating and drinking, for their kinsmen had prepared for them.

40Moreover, those who were near to them, as far as Issachar, Zebulun, and Naphtali, brought food on donkeys, camels, mules, and on oxen, great quantities of flour cakes, fig cakes and bunches of raisins, wine, oil, oxen, and sheep. There was joy indeed in Israel.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 1 Chronicles 12.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Those who came to David at Ziklag. (1–22). Those who came to Hebron. (23–40).

vv1-22

Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these attempts, will find abundant recompence. From the words of Amasai we may learn how to testify our affection and allegiance to the Lord Jesus; his we must be throughly; on his side we must be forward to appear and act. If we are under the influence of the Spirit, we shall desire to have our lot among them, and to declare ourselves on their side; if in faith and love we embrace the cause of Christ, he will receive, employ, and advance us.

vv23-40

When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose earnest endeavours to do good are directed by the wisdom that God giveth, through acquaintance with his word, experience, and observation. If any man lack this wisdom, let him ask it of God, who giveth to all men liberally, and upbraideth not, and it shall be given him.

Cross References

1 Chronicles 12
v191 Samuel 29:2-4thematic

Explains the context of David coming with the Philistines and being sent back upon advisement.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v2Judges 20:16thematic

Parallels the ambidextrous military skills, hurling stones, and archery characteristic of the tribe of Benjamin.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v15Joshua 3:15thematic

Establishes that Jordan historically overflowed all its banks during the first month, highlighting their crossing feat.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v11 Samuel 27:6thematic

Identifies Ziklag as the Philistine town given to David where these mighty men joined him.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v82 Samuel 1:23thematic

Parallels the poetic description of warriors being as swift as roes and strong as lions.

Supported by JFB

v82 Samuel 2:18thematic

Parallels the proverbial expression of military swiftness ('swift as a wild roe').

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v211 Samuel 30:1-17thematic

Identifies the 'band of rovers' as the Amalekites who despoiled Ziklag, whom these Manassites helped defeat.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v201 Samuel 29:11thematic

Clarifies the timeline of the Manassites joining David as he returned from the Philistine camp to Ziklag.

Supported by JFB

v282 Samuel 8:17thematic

Identifies Zadok as the prominent young priest who would eventually serve alongside Abiathar under David.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v292 Samuel 2:8thematic

Explains why Benjamin held back; they had kept the ward of Saul's house under Abner.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v32Esther 1:13thematic

Parallels the phrase of wise counselors 'that knew the times' to determine what action to take.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v18Judges 6:34thematic

Parallels the Hebrew idiom of the Spirit 'clothing' or coming upon a leader for action.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Parallels another instance where provisions (figs, raisins, sheep) were brought abundantly to sustain David's camp.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v4Joshua 9:3thematic

Identifies Gibeon, the home of Ismaiah, establishing the background of Gibeonites in Israel.

Supported by JFB