1 Chronicles 12NLT
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1 Chronicles12

New Living Translation

1The following men joined David at Ziklag while he was hiding from Saul son of Kish. They were among the warriors who fought beside David in battle.

2All of them were expert archers, and they could shoot arrows or sling stones with their left hand as well as their right. They were all relatives of Saul from the tribe of Benjamin.

3Their leader was Ahiezer son of Shemaah from Gibeah; his brother Joash was second-in-command. These were the other warriors: Jeziel and Pelet, sons of Azmaveth; Beracah; Jehu from Anathoth;

4Ishmaiah from Gibeon, a famous warrior and leader among the Thirty; Jeremiah, Jahaziel, Johanan, and Jozabad from Gederah;

5Eluzai, Jerimoth, Bealiah, Shemariah, and Shephatiah from Haruph;

6Elkanah, Isshiah, Azarel, Joezer, and Jashobeam, who were Korahites;

7Joelah and Zebadiah, sons of Jeroham from Gedor.

8Some brave and experienced warriors from the tribe of Gad also defected to David while he was at the stronghold in the wilderness. They were expert with both shield and spear, as fierce as lions and as swift as deer on the mountains.

9Ezer was their leader. Obadiah was second. Eliab was third.

10Mishmannah was fourth. Jeremiah was fifth.

11Attai was sixth. Eliel was seventh.

12Johanan was eighth. Elzabad was ninth.

13Jeremiah was tenth. Macbannai was eleventh.

14These warriors from Gad were army commanders. The weakest among them could take on a hundred regular troops, and the strongest could take on a thousand!

15These were the men who crossed the Jordan River during its seasonal flooding at the beginning of the year and drove out all the people living in the lowlands on both the east and west banks.

16Others from Benjamin and Judah came to David at the stronghold.

17David went out to meet them and said, “If you have come in peace to help me, we are friends. But if you have come to betray me to my enemies when I am innocent, then may the God of our ancestors see it and punish you.”

18Then the Spirit came upon Amasai, the leader of the Thirty, and he said, “We are yours, David! We are on your side, son of Jesse. Peace and prosperity be with you, and success to all who help you, for your God is the one who helps you.” So David let them join him, and he made them officers over his troops.

19Some men from Manasseh defected from the Israelite army and joined David when he set out with the Philistines to fight against Saul. But as it turned out, the Philistine rulers refused to let David and his men go with them. After much discussion, they sent them back, for they said, “It will cost us our heads if David switches loyalties to Saul and turns against us.”

20Here is a list of the men from Manasseh who defected to David as he was returning to Ziklag: Adnah, Jozabad, Jediael, Michael, Jozabad, Elihu, and Zillethai. Each commanded 1,000 troops from the tribe of Manasseh.

21They helped David chase down bands of raiders, for they were all brave and able warriors who became commanders in his army.

22Day after day more men joined David until he had a great army, like the army of God.

23These are the numbers of armed warriors who joined David at Hebron. They were all eager to see David become king instead of Saul, just as the Lord had promised.

24From the tribe of Judah, there were 6,800 warriors armed with shields and spears.

25From the tribe of Simeon, there were 7,100 brave warriors.

26From the tribe of Levi, there were 4,600 warriors.

27This included Jehoiada, leader of the family of Aaron, who had 3,700 under his command.

28This also included Zadok, a brave young warrior, with 22 members of his family who were all officers.

29From the tribe of Benjamin, Saul’s relatives, there were 3,000 warriors. Most of the men from Benjamin had remained loyal to Saul until this time.

30From the tribe of Ephraim, there were 20,800 brave warriors, each highly respected in his own clan.

31From the half-tribe of Manasseh west of the Jordan, 18,000 men were designated by name to help David become king.

32From the tribe of Issachar, there were 200 leaders of the tribe with their relatives. All these men understood the signs of the times and knew the best course for Israel to take.

33From the tribe of Zebulun, there were 50,000 skilled warriors. They were fully armed and prepared for battle and completely loyal to David.

34From the tribe of Naphtali, there were 1,000 officers and 37,000 warriors armed with shields and spears.

35From the tribe of Dan, there were 28,600 warriors, all prepared for battle.

36From the tribe of Asher, there were 40,000 trained warriors, all prepared for battle.

37From the east side of the Jordan River—where the tribes of Reuben and Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh lived—there were 120,000 troops armed with every kind of weapon.

38All these men came in battle array to Hebron with the single purpose of making David the king over all Israel. In fact, everyone in Israel agreed that David should be their king.

39They feasted and drank with David for three days, for preparations had been made by their relatives for their arrival.

40And people from as far away as Issachar, Zebulun, and Naphtali brought food on donkeys, camels, mules, and oxen. Vast supplies of flour, fig cakes, clusters of raisins, wine, olive oil, cattle, sheep, and goats were brought to the celebration. There was great joy throughout the land of Israel.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 1 Chronicles 12.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Those who came to David at Ziklag. (1–22). Those who came to Hebron. (23–40).

vv1-22

Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these attempts, will find abundant recompence. From the words of Amasai we may learn how to testify our affection and allegiance to the Lord Jesus; his we must be throughly; on his side we must be forward to appear and act. If we are under the influence of the Spirit, we shall desire to have our lot among them, and to declare ourselves on their side; if in faith and love we embrace the cause of Christ, he will receive, employ, and advance us.

vv23-40

When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose earnest endeavours to do good are directed by the wisdom that God giveth, through acquaintance with his word, experience, and observation. If any man lack this wisdom, let him ask it of God, who giveth to all men liberally, and upbraideth not, and it shall be given him.

Cross References

1 Chronicles 12
v191 Samuel 29:2-4thematic

Explains the context of David coming with the Philistines and being sent back upon advisement.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v2Judges 20:16thematic

Parallels the ambidextrous military skills, hurling stones, and archery characteristic of the tribe of Benjamin.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v15Joshua 3:15thematic

Establishes that Jordan historically overflowed all its banks during the first month, highlighting their crossing feat.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v11 Samuel 27:6thematic

Identifies Ziklag as the Philistine town given to David where these mighty men joined him.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v82 Samuel 1:23thematic

Parallels the poetic description of warriors being as swift as roes and strong as lions.

Supported by JFB

v82 Samuel 2:18thematic

Parallels the proverbial expression of military swiftness ('swift as a wild roe').

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v211 Samuel 30:1-17thematic

Identifies the 'band of rovers' as the Amalekites who despoiled Ziklag, whom these Manassites helped defeat.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v201 Samuel 29:11thematic

Clarifies the timeline of the Manassites joining David as he returned from the Philistine camp to Ziklag.

Supported by JFB

v282 Samuel 8:17thematic

Identifies Zadok as the prominent young priest who would eventually serve alongside Abiathar under David.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v292 Samuel 2:8thematic

Explains why Benjamin held back; they had kept the ward of Saul's house under Abner.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v32Esther 1:13thematic

Parallels the phrase of wise counselors 'that knew the times' to determine what action to take.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v18Judges 6:34thematic

Parallels the Hebrew idiom of the Spirit 'clothing' or coming upon a leader for action.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Parallels another instance where provisions (figs, raisins, sheep) were brought abundantly to sustain David's camp.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v4Joshua 9:3thematic

Identifies Gibeon, the home of Ismaiah, establishing the background of Gibeonites in Israel.

Supported by JFB