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Job 20

Job20

New American Standard

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1 Then Zophar the Naamathite responded,

2 “Therefore my disquieting thoughts make me respond, Even because of my inward agitation.

3 I listened to the reprimand which insults me, And the spirit of my understanding makes me answer.

4 Do you know this from ancient times, From the establishment of mankind on earth,

5 That the rejoicing of the wicked is short, And the joy of the godless momentary?

6 Though his arrogance reaches the heavens, And his head touches the clouds,

7 He perishes forever like his refuse; Those who have seen him will say, ‘Where is he?’

8 He flies away like a dream, and they cannot find him; Like a vision of the night he is chased away.

9 The eye which saw him sees him no longer, And his place no longer beholds him.

10 His sons favor the poor, And his hands give back his wealth.

11 His bones are full of his youthful strength, But it lies down with him in the dust.

12 “Though evil tastes sweet in his mouth And he hides it under his tongue,

13 Though he desires it and will not let it go, But holds it in his mouth,

14 Yet his food in his stomach is changed To the venom of cobras within him.

15 He swallows riches, But will vomit them up; God will expel them from his belly.

16 He sucks the poison of cobras; The viper’s tongue kills him.

17 He does not look at the streams, The rivers flowing with honey and curds.

18 He returns the product of his labor And cannot swallow it; As to the riches of his trading, He cannot even enjoy them.

19 For he has oppressed and neglected the poor; He has seized a house which he has not built.

20 “Because he knew no quiet within him, He does not retain anything he desires.

21 Nothing remains for him to devour, Therefore his prosperity does not endure.

22 In the fullness of his excess he will be cramped; The hand of everyone who suffers will come against him.

23 When he fills his belly, God will send His fierce anger on him And rain it on him while he is eating.

24 He may flee from the iron weapon, But the bronze bow will pierce him.

25 It is drawn and comes out of his back, Even the flashing point from his gallbladder; Terrors come upon him,

26 Complete darkness is held in reserve for his treasures, And unfanned fire will devour him; It will consume the survivor in his tent.

27 The heavens will reveal his guilt, And the earth will rise up against him.

28 The increase of his house will disappear; His possessions will flow away on the day of His anger.

29 This is a wicked person’s portion from God, The inheritance decreed to him by God.”

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Job 20

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Job 20. The full AI study guide (summary, themes, context) has its own page.

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Zophar speaks of the short joy of the wicked. (1–9). The ruin of the wicked. (10–22). The portion of the wicked. (23–29).

vv1-9

Zophar's discourse is upon the certain misery of the wicked. The triumph of the wicked and the joy of the hypocrite are fleeting. The pleasures and gains of sin bring disease and pain; they end in remorse, anguish, and ruin. Dissembled piety is double iniquity, and the ruin that attends it will be accordingly.

vv10-22

The miserable condition of the wicked man in this world is fully set forth. The lusts of the flesh are here called the sins of his youth. His hiding it and keeping it under his tongue, denotes concealment of his beloved lust, and delight therein. But He who knows what is in the heart, knows what is under the tongue, and will discover it. The love of the world, and of the wealth of it, also is wickedness, and man sets his heart upon these. Also violence and injustice, these sins bring God's judgments upon nations and families. Observe the punishment of the wicked man for these things. Sin is turned into gall, than which nothing is more bitter; it will prove to him poison; so will all unlawful gains be. In his fulness he shall be in straits, through the anxieties of his own mind. To be led by the sanctifying grace of God to restore what was unjustly gotten, as Zaccheus was, is a great mercy. But to be forced to restore by the horrors of a despairing conscience, as Judas was, has no benefit and comfort attending it.

vv23-29

Zophar, having described the vexations which attend wicked practices, shows their ruin from God's wrath. There is no fence against this, but in Christ, who is the only Covert from the storm and tempest, Isa 32:2. Zophar concludes, “This is the portion of a wicked man from God;” it is allotted him. Never was any doctrine better explained, or worse applied, than this by Zophar, who intended to prove Job a hypocrite. Let us receive the good explanation, and make a better application, for warning to ourselves, to stand in awe and sin not. One view of Jesus, directed by the Holy Spirit, and by him suitably impressed upon our souls, will quell a thousand carnal reasonings about the suffering of the faithful.

Cross References

Job 20
v8Psalms 73:20thematic

The comparison of the fleeting, unsubstantial life of the wicked to a dream that vanishes.

Supported by JFB

v71 Kings 14:10thematic

Uses the exact vulgar imagery of dung to describe the total, shameful sweeping away of a wicked house.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v72 Kings 9:37thematic

The carcass of Jezebel compared to dung on the ground, emphasizing extreme degradation.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v12Proverbs 20:17thematic

Parallels the concept of sweet-tasting sin that ultimately turns into gravel or poison in the bowels.

Supported by JFB

v17Job 29:6thematic

Contrast's Job's former prosperity (washing steps with butter) with the wicked's deprivation of rivers of honey.

Supported by JFB

v6Isaiah 14:13thematic

Parallels the proud mounting up to heaven, echoing the self-exaltation of the king of Babylon.

Supported by JFB

v6Obadiah 1:4thematic

Exaltation among the clouds and stars brought low by God's severe judgment.

Supported by JFB

v7Psalms 83:10thematic

Parallels the wicked becoming as dung upon the earth under God's swift judgment.

Supported by JFB

v9Job 7:10thematic

Echoes the precise phrasing that a person's place shall know or behold him no more.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v11Psalms 25:7thematic

Direct conceptual link to the 'sins of my youth' which carry heavy consequences.

Supported by JFB

v19Micah 2:2thematic

Oppressing the poor and violently taking away their houses to build one's own.

Supported by JFB

Underlies the description of God's whetted, glittering sword executing judgment.

Supported by JFB

v18Proverbs 6:31thematic

Illustrates the severe requirement of restitution for stolen goods and unjust gain.

Supported by JFB

v19Isaiah 5:8thematic

Condemnation of those who covet and violently seize houses, leaving others without shelter.

Supported by JFB

v23Psalms 11:6thematic

Parallels the imagery of God raining down fury and fire as the portion of the wicked.

Supported by JFB