Luke 23NASB
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Luke23

New American Standard

1Then the entire assembly of them set out and brought Him before Pilate.

2And they began to bring charges against Him, saying, “We found this Man misleading our nation and forbidding us to pay taxes to Caesar, and saying that He Himself is Christ, a King.”

3Now Pilate asked Him, saying, “So You are the King of the Jews?” And He answered him and said, “It is as you say.”

4But Pilate said to the chief priests and the crowds, “I find no grounds for charges in the case of this Man.”

5But they kept on insisting, saying, “He is stirring up the people, teaching all over Judea, starting from Galilee, as far as this place!”

6Now when Pilate heard this, he asked whether the Man was a Galilean.

7And when he learned that He belonged to Herod’s jurisdiction, he sent Him to Herod, since he also was in Jerusalem at this time.

8Now Herod was overjoyed when he saw Jesus; for he had wanted to see Him for a long time, because he had been hearing about Him and was hoping to see some sign performed by Him.

9And he questioned Him at some length; but He offered him no answer at all.

10Now the chief priests and the scribes stood there, vehemently charging Him.

11And Herod, together with his soldiers, treated Him with contempt and mocked Him, dressing Him in a brightly shining robe, and sent Him back to Pilate.

12And so Herod and Pilate became friends with one another that very day; for previously, they had been enemies toward each other.

13Now Pilate summoned to himself the chief priests, the rulers, and the people,

14and he said to them, “You brought this Man to me on the ground that He is inciting the people to revolt; and behold, after examining Him before you, I have found no basis at all in the case of this Man for the charges which you are bringing against Him.

15No, nor has Herod, for he sent Him back to us; and behold, nothing deserving death has been done by Him.

16Therefore I will punish Him and release Him.”

17[Now he was obligated to release to them at the feast one prisoner.]

18But they cried out all together, saying, “Away with this Man, and release to us Barabbas!”

19(He was one who had been thrown into prison for a revolt that took place in the city, and for murder.)

20But Pilate, wanting to release Jesus, addressed them again,

21but they kept on crying out, saying, “Crucify, crucify Him!”

22And he said to them a third time, “Why, what has this Man done wrong? I have found in His case no grounds for a sentence of death; therefore I will punish Him and release Him.”

23But they were insistent, with loud voices, demanding that He be crucified. And their voices began to prevail.

24And so Pilate decided to have their demand carried out.

25And he released the man for whom they were asking, who had been thrown into prison for a revolt and murder; but he handed Jesus over to their will.

26And when they led Him away, they seized a man, Simon of Cyrene, as he was coming in from the country, and placed on him the cross to carry behind Jesus.

27Now following Him was a large crowd of the people, and of women who were mourning and grieving for Him.

28But Jesus turned to them and said, “Daughters of Jerusalem, stop weeping for Me, but weep for yourselves and for your children.

29For behold, days are coming when they will say, ‘Blessed are those who cannot bear, and the wombs that have not given birth, and the breasts that have not nursed.’

30Then they will begin to say to the mountains, ‘Fall on us,’ and to the hills, ‘Cover us.’

31For if they do these things when the tree is green, what will happen when it is dry?”

32Now two others, who were criminals, were also being led away to be put to death with Him.

33And when they came to the place called The Skull, there they crucified Him and the criminals, one on the right and the other on the left.

34[But Jesus was saying, “Father, forgive them; for they do not know what they are doing.”] And they cast lots, dividing His garments among themselves.

35And the people stood by, watching. And even the rulers were sneering at Him, saying, “He saved others; let Him save Himself if this is the Christ of God, His Chosen One.”

36The soldiers also ridiculed Him, coming up to Him, offering Him sour wine,

37and saying, “If You are the King of the Jews, save Yourself!”

38Now there was also an inscription above Him, “THIS IS THE KING OF THE JEWS.”

39One of the criminals who were hanged there was hurling abuse at Him, saying, “Are You not the Christ? Save Yourself and us!”

40But the other responded, and rebuking him, said, “Do you not even fear God, since you are under the same sentence of condemnation?

41And we indeed are suffering justly, for we are receiving what we deserve for our crimes; but this Man has done nothing wrong.”

42And he was saying, “Jesus, remember me when You come into Your kingdom!”

43And He said to him, “Truly I say to you, today you will be with Me in Paradise.”

44It was now about the sixth hour, and darkness came over the entire land until the ninth hour,

45because the sun stopped shining; and the veil of the temple was torn in two.

46And Jesus, crying out with a loud voice, said, “Father, into Your hands I entrust My spirit.” And having said this, He died.

47Now when the centurion saw what had happened, he began praising God, saying, “This Man was in fact innocent.”

48And all the crowds who came together for this spectacle, after watching what had happened, began to return home, beating their chests.

49And all His acquaintances and the women who accompanied Him from Galilee were standing at a distance, seeing these things.

50And a man named Joseph, who was a member of the Council, a good and righteous man

51(he had not consented to their plan and action), a man from Arimathea, a city of the Jews, who was waiting for the kingdom of God—

52this man went to Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus.

53And he took it down and wrapped it in a linen cloth, and laid Him in a tomb cut into the rock, where no one had ever lain.

54It was a preparation day, and a Sabbath was about to begin.

55Now the women who had come with Him from Galilee followed, and they saw the tomb and how His body was laid.

56And then they returned and prepared spices and perfumes. And on the Sabbath they rested according to the commandment.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Luke 23.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Christ before Pilate. (1–5). Christ before Herod. (6–12). Barabbas preferred to Christ. (13–25). Christ speaks of the destruction of Jerusalem. (26–31). The crucifixion, The repentant malefactor. (32–43). The death of Christ. (44–49). The burial of Christ. (50–56).

vv1-5

Pilate well understood the difference between armed forces and our Lord's followers. But instead of being softened by Pilate's declaration of his innocence, and considering whether they were not bringing the guilt of innocent blood upon themselves, the Jews were the more angry. The Lord brings his designs to a glorious end, even by means of those who follow the devices of their own hearts. Thus all parties joined, so as to prove the innocence of Jesus, who was the atoning sacrifice for our sins.

vv6-12

Herod had heard many things of Jesus in Galilee, and out of curiosity longed to see him. The poorest beggar that asked a miracle for the relief of his necessity, was never denied; but this proud prince, who asked for a miracle only to gratify his curiosity, is refused. He might have seen Christ and his wondrous works in Galilee, and would not, therefore it is justly said, Now he would see them, and shall not. Herod sent Christ again to Pilate: the friendships of wicked men are often formed by union in wickedness. They agree in little, except in enmity to God, and contempt of Christ.

vv13-25

The fear of man brings many into this snare, that they will do an unjust thing, against their consciences, rather than get into trouble. Pilate declares Jesus innocent, and has a mind to release him; yet, to please the people, he would punish him as an evil-doer. If no fault be found in him, why chastise him? Pilate yielded at length; he had not courage to go against so strong a stream. He delivered Jesus to their will, to be crucified.

Cross References

Luke 23
v30Hosea 10:8quotation

Direct prophecy of the despairing cry to the mountains: 'Fall on us; and to the hills, Cover us'.

Supported by JFB

v46Psalms 31:5quotation

Jesus directly quotes these words: 'into thy hands I commend my spirit'.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v8Luke 13:32thematic

Herod's curiosity to see Jesus is contrasted with his earlier murderous/crafty designs.

Supported by JFB

v33Isaiah 53:12fulfillment

Fulfillment of being numbered/crucified with the transgressors (the two malefactors).

Supported by Matthew Henry

v9Isaiah 53:7fulfillment

Jesus stood before Herod and vehemently accused, but answered him nothing, like a silent lamb.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v12Acts 4:27fulfillment

Explicit apostolic commentary on the conspiratorial alliance of Herod and Pontius Pilate.

Supported by JFB

v30Revelation 6:16allusion

Eschatological echo of the desperate cry for rocks and mountains to hide from judgment.

Supported by JFB

v31Ezekiel 20:47allusion

Underlying proverb of fire devouring the green tree, showing the severity of God's judgment.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v35Psalms 22:7allusion

The rulers and people derided, laughed Him to scorn, and shook their heads as prophesied.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v36Psalms 69:21fulfillment

Fulfillment of the soldiers offering Him vinegar in mock pity during His thirst.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v44Matthew 27:45thematic

Harmonizes the supernatural darkness from the sixth to the ninth hour across the synoptic accounts.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v18Acts 3:14thematic

Peter's indictment of the crowd for denying the Holy One and desiring a murderer.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v411 Peter 2:22thematic

The thief testifies that Christ did 'nothing amiss'; Peter affirms He did no sin.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v43Revelation 2:7thematic

Connects the Lord's promise of 'paradise' to the repentant thief with the Tree of Life.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v53Isaiah 53:9fulfillment

Fulfillment of making His grave with the rich in His death via Joseph of Arimathea.

Supported by Matthew Henry