2 Chronicles33
New International Version
1Manasseh was twelve years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem fifty-five years.
2He did evil in the eyes of the Lord, following the detestable practices of the nations the Lord had driven out before the Israelites.
3He rebuilt the high places his father Hezekiah had demolished; he also erected altars to the Baals and made Asherah poles. He bowed down to all the starry hosts and worshiped them.
4He built altars in the temple of the Lord, of which the Lord had said, “My Name will remain in Jerusalem forever.”
5In both courts of the temple of the Lord, he built altars to all the starry hosts.
6He sacrificed his children in the fire in the Valley of Ben Hinnom, practiced divination and witchcraft, sought omens, and consulted mediums and spiritists. He did much evil in the eyes of the Lord, arousing his anger.
7He took the image he had made and put it in God’s temple, of which God had said to David and to his son Solomon, “In this temple and in Jerusalem, which I have chosen out of all the tribes of Israel, I will put my Name forever.
8I will not again make the feet of the Israelites leave the land I assigned to your ancestors, if only they will be careful to do everything I commanded them concerning all the laws, decrees and regulations given through Moses.”
9But Manasseh led Judah and the people of Jerusalem astray, so that they did more evil than the nations the Lord had destroyed before the Israelites.
10The Lord spoke to Manasseh and his people, but they paid no attention.
11So the Lord brought against them the army commanders of the king of Assyria, who took Manasseh prisoner, put a hook in his nose, bound him with bronze shackles and took him to Babylon.
12In his distress he sought the favor of the Lord his God and humbled himself greatly before the God of his ancestors.
13And when he prayed to him, the Lord was moved by his entreaty and listened to his plea; so he brought him back to Jerusalem and to his kingdom. Then Manasseh knew that the Lord is God.
14Afterward he rebuilt the outer wall of the City of David, west of the Gihon spring in the valley, as far as the entrance of the Fish Gate and encircling the hill of Ophel; he also made it much higher. He stationed military commanders in all the fortified cities in Judah.
15He got rid of the foreign gods and removed the image from the temple of the Lord, as well as all the altars he had built on the temple hill and in Jerusalem; and he threw them out of the city.
16Then he restored the altar of the Lord and sacrificed fellowship offerings and thank offerings on it, and told Judah to serve the Lord, the God of Israel.
17The people, however, continued to sacrifice at the high places, but only to the Lord their God.
18The other events of Manasseh’s reign, including his prayer to his God and the words the seers spoke to him in the name of the Lord, the God of Israel, are written in the annals of the kings of Israel.
19His prayer and how God was moved by his entreaty, as well as all his sins and unfaithfulness, and the sites where he built high places and set up Asherah poles and idols before he humbled himself—all these are written in the records of the seers.
20Manasseh rested with his ancestors and was buried in his palace. And Amon his son succeeded him as king.
21Amon was twenty-two years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem two years.
22He did evil in the eyes of the Lord, as his father Manasseh had done. Amon worshiped and offered sacrifices to all the idols Manasseh had made.
23But unlike his father Manasseh, he did not humble himself before the Lord; Amon increased his guilt.
24Amon’s officials conspired against him and assassinated him in his palace.
25Then the people of the land killed all who had plotted against King Amon, and they made Josiah his son king in his place.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Chronicles 33.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Manasseh's and repentance. (1–20). Amon's wicked reign in Judah. (21–25).
vv1-20
We have seen Manasseh's wickedness; here we have his repentance, and a memorable instance it is of the riches of God's pardoning mercy, and the power of his renewing grace. Deprived of his liberty, separated from his evil counsellors and companions, without any prospect but of ending his days in a wretched prison, Manasseh thought upon what had passed; he began to cry for mercy and deliverance. He confessed his sins, condemned himself, was humbled before God, loathing himself as a monster of impiety and wickedness. Yet he hoped to be pardoned through the abundant mercy of the Lord. Then Manasseh knew that Jehovah was God, able to deliver. He knew him as a God of salvation; he learned to fear, trust in, love, and obey him. From this time he bore a new character, and walked in newness of life. Who can tell what tortures of conscience, what pangs of grief, what fears of wrath, what agonizing remorse he endured, when he looked back on his many years of apostacy and rebellion against God; on his having led thousands into sin and perdition; and on his blood-guiltiness in the persecution of a number of God's children? And who can complain that the way of heaven is blocked up, when he sees such a sinner enter? Say the worst against thyself, here is one as bad who finds the way to repentance. Deny not to thyself that which God hath not denied to thee; it is not thy sin, but thy impenitence, that bars heaven against thee. (2Ch 33:21-25)
vv21-25
Amon's father did ill, but he did worse. Whatever warnings or convictions he had, he never humbled himself. He was soon cut off in his sins, and made a warning for all men not to abuse the example of God's patience and mercy to Manasseh, as an encouragement to continue in sin. May God help us to be honest to ourselves, and to think aright respecting our own character, before death fixes us in an unchangeable state.
Key Words
מְנַשֶּׁה: Menashsheh, a grandson of Jacob, also the tribe descended from him, and its territory
שָׁנֶה: a year (as a revolution of time)
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
מָלַךְ: to reign; inceptively, to ascend the throne; causatively, to induct into royalty; hence (by implication) to take counsel
יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם: Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine
עָשָׂה: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
רַע: bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
עַיִן: an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
תּוֹעֵבַה: properly, something disgusting (morally), i.e. (as noun) an abhorrence; especially idolatry or (concretely) an idol
גּוֹי: a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
Cross References
2 Chronicles 33The primary parallel history for Manasseh's reign and abominations.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The parallel account detailing the wicked reign and assassination of Manasseh's son, Amon.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Manasseh repaired and built upon the outer wall of Jerusalem previously fortified by Hezekiah.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Connects the wall built on the west side of Gihon with Hezekiah's waterworks.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Hezekiah's faithful destruction of high places which his son Manasseh impiously rebuilt.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Illustrates hiding among thorns/thickets as a common Hebrew refuge from enemies.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Previous references to Ophel, which Manasseh compassed and raised to a great height.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Law forbidding the passing of children through fire, which Manasseh flagrantly violated.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Jeremiah notes the lingering exile-inducing guilt of Judah because of Manasseh's sins.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Fulfillment of the Mosaic promise of restoration when humbled in the land of captivity.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallel indictment of setting abominations in the house which is called by God's name.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Solomon's dedication prayer concerning God's promise to place His name in Jerusalem forever.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Manasseh systematic dismantling of the precise idols and altars he erected earlier.
Supported by JFB
Thematic parallel of a king of Judah assassinated in his own house by servants.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The law condemning witchcraft, witchcraft, dealing with spirits, and wizardry.
Supported by Matthew Poole