Acts19
New International Version
1While Apollos was at Corinth, Paul took the road through the interior and arrived at Ephesus. There he found some disciples
2and asked them, “Did you receive the Holy Spirit when you believed?” They answered, “No, we have not even heard that there is a Holy Spirit.”
3So Paul asked, “Then what baptism did you receive?” “John’s baptism,” they replied.
4Paul said, “John’s baptism was a baptism of repentance. He told the people to believe in the one coming after him, that is, in Jesus.”
5On hearing this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus.
6When Paul placed his hands on them, the Holy Spirit came on them, and they spoke in tongues and prophesied.
7There were about twelve men in all.
8Paul entered the synagogue and spoke boldly there for three months, arguing persuasively about the kingdom of God.
9But some of them became obstinate; they refused to believe and publicly maligned the Way. So Paul left them. He took the disciples with him and had discussions daily in the lecture hall of Tyrannus.
10This went on for two years, so that all the Jews and Greeks who lived in the province of Asia heard the word of the Lord.
11God did extraordinary miracles through Paul,
12so that even handkerchiefs and aprons that had touched him were taken to the sick, and their illnesses were cured and the evil spirits left them.
13Some Jews who went around driving out evil spirits tried to invoke the name of the Lord Jesus over those who were demon-possessed. They would say, “In the name of the Jesus whom Paul preaches, I command you to come out.”
14Seven sons of Sceva, a Jewish chief priest, were doing this.
15One day the evil spirit answered them, “Jesus I know, and Paul I know about, but who are you?”
16Then the man who had the evil spirit jumped on them and overpowered them all. He gave them such a beating that they ran out of the house naked and bleeding.
17When this became known to the Jews and Greeks living in Ephesus, they were all seized with fear, and the name of the Lord Jesus was held in high honor.
18Many of those who believed now came and openly confessed what they had done.
19A number who had practiced sorcery brought their scrolls together and burned them publicly. When they calculated the value of the scrolls, the total came to fifty thousand drachmas.
20In this way the word of the Lord spread widely and grew in power.
21After all this had happened, Paul decided to go to Jerusalem, passing through Macedonia and Achaia. “After I have been there,” he said, “I must visit Rome also.”
22He sent two of his helpers, Timothy and Erastus, to Macedonia, while he stayed in the province of Asia a little longer.
23About that time there arose a great disturbance about the Way.
24A silversmith named Demetrius, who made silver shrines of Artemis, brought in a lot of business for the craftsmen there.
25He called them together, along with the workers in related trades, and said: “You know, my friends, that we receive a good income from this business.
26And you see and hear how this fellow Paul has convinced and led astray large numbers of people here in Ephesus and in practically the whole province of Asia. He says that gods made by human hands are no gods at all.
27There is danger not only that our trade will lose its good name, but also that the temple of the great goddess Artemis will be discredited; and the goddess herself, who is worshiped throughout the province of Asia and the world, will be robbed of her divine majesty.”
28When they heard this, they were furious and began shouting: “Great is Artemis of the Ephesians!”
29Soon the whole city was in an uproar. The people seized Gaius and Aristarchus, Paul’s traveling companions from Macedonia, and all of them rushed into the theater together.
30Paul wanted to appear before the crowd, but the disciples would not let him.
31Even some of the officials of the province, friends of Paul, sent him a message begging him not to venture into the theater.
32The assembly was in confusion: Some were shouting one thing, some another. Most of the people did not even know why they were there.
33The Jews in the crowd pushed Alexander to the front, and they shouted instructions to him. He motioned for silence in order to make a defense before the people.
34But when they realized he was a Jew, they all shouted in unison for about two hours: “Great is Artemis of the Ephesians!”
35The city clerk quieted the crowd and said: “Fellow Ephesians, doesn’t all the world know that the city of Ephesus is the guardian of the temple of the great Artemis and of her image, which fell from heaven?
36Therefore, since these facts are undeniable, you ought to calm down and not do anything rash.
37You have brought these men here, though they have neither robbed temples nor blasphemed our goddess.
38If, then, Demetrius and his fellow craftsmen have a grievance against anybody, the courts are open and there are proconsuls. They can press charges.
39If there is anything further you want to bring up, it must be settled in a legal assembly.
40As it is, we are in danger of being charged with rioting because of what happened today. In that case we would not be able to account for this commotion, since there is no reason for it.”
41After he had said this, he dismissed the assembly.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Acts 19.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Paul instructs the disciples of John at Ephesus. (1–7). He teaches there. (8–12). The Jewish exorcists disgraced. Some Ephesians burn their evil books. (13–20). The tumult at Ephesus. (21–31). The tumult appeased. (32–41).
vv1-7
Paul, at Ephesus, found some religious persons, who looked to Jesus as the Messiah. They had not been led to expect the miraculous powers of the Holy Ghost, nor were they informed that the gospel was especially the ministration of the Spirit. But they spake as ready to welcome the notice of it. Paul shows them that John never design that those he baptized should rest there, but told them that they should believe on Him who should come after him, that is, on Christ Jesus. They thankfully accepted the discovery, and were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. The Holy Ghost came upon them in a surprising, overpowering manner; they spake with tongues, and prophesied, as the apostles and the first Gentile coverts did. Though we do not now expect miraculous powers, yet all who profess to be disciples of Christ, should be called on to examine whether they have received the seal of the Holy Ghost, in his sanctifying influences, to the sincerity of their faith. Many seem not to have heard that there is a Holy Ghost, and many deem all that is spoken concerning his graces and comforts, to be delusion. Of such it may properly be inquired, “Unto what, then, were ye baptized?” for they evidently know not the meaning of that outward sign on which they place great dependence.
vv8-12
When arguments and persuasions only harden men in unbelief and blasphemy, we must separate ourselves and others from such unholy company. God was pleased to confirm the teaching of these holy men of old, that if their hearers believed them not, they might believe the works.
vv13-20
It was common, especially among the Jews, for persons to profess or to try to cast out evil spirits. If we resist the devil by faith in Christ, he will flee from us; but if we think to resist him by the using of Christ's name, or his works, as a spell or charm, Satan will prevail against us. Where there is true sorrow for sin, there will be free confession of sin to God in every prayer and to man whom we have offended, when the case requires it. Surely if the word of God prevailed among us, many lewd, infidel, and wicked books would be burned by their possessors. Will not these Ephesian converts rise up in judgement against professors, who traffic in such works for the sake of gain, or allow themselves to possess them? If we desire to be in earnest in the great work of salvation, every pursuit and enjoyment must be given up which hinders the effect of the gospel upon the mind, or loosens its hold upon the heart.
Key Words
δέ (dé): but, and, etc.
γίνομαι (gínomai): to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e. (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)
ἐν (en): "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
Ἀπολλῶς (Apollōs): Apollos, an Israelite
εἶναι (eînai): to exist
Κόρινθος (Kórinthos): Corinthus, a city of Greece
Παῦλος (Paûlos): (little; but remotely from a derivative of G3973 (παύω), meaning the same); Paulus, the name of a Roman and of an apostle
διέρχομαι (diérchomai): to traverse (literally)
ἀνωτερικός (anōterikós): superior, i.e. (locally) more remote
μέρος (méros): a division or share (literally or figuratively, in a wide application)
Cross References
Acts 19Clarifies that 'receiving the Spirit' refers to the extraordinary Pentecostal effusion, not basic regeneration.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Connects Apollos' ministry at Ephesus with the incomplete state of the disciples Paul finds.
Supported by John Calvin, JFB
Parallels baptism 'in the name of the Lord Jesus' followed by apostolic laying on of hands.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Documents Paul's actual execution of this purposed journey through Macedonia, Achaia, and to Jerusalem.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Corroborates Apollos' presence and powerful factional influence in Corinth while Paul was at Ephesus.
Supported by JFB
Paul's preaching elsewhere defining John's baptism as pointing forward to Jesus Christ.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Paul's own description of his massive success and intense opposition ('many adversaries') at Ephesus.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Paul's retrospective confirmation to the Ephesian elders of his three-year ministry in their city.
Supported by JFB
Parallels the extraordinary, contact-free miracles of Peter's shadow with Paul's handkerchiefs.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Paul's doctrinal defense asking if they received the Spirit by works or hearing of faith.
Supported by John Calvin
Parallels Paul departing from the hardening synagogue opposition to establish a separate gathering.
Supported by JFB
The Mosaic law strictly forbidding the 'curious arts' and magic practices burned by Ephesian converts.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Paul's metaphorical or literal reflection on 'fighting with beasts at Ephesus' during this uproar.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Likely identifies Alexander, the Jewish spokesman, with the Ephesian heretic Paul later delivered to Satan.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Parallels the Philippian riot, where opposition to the Gospel is driven entirely by lost profit.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallels the hours-long, repetitive pagan cries of Diana's worshippers with the prophets of Baal.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Echoes Gallio's refusal to judge religious disputes, aligning with the town clerk's legal advice.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The classic Old Testament polemic against man-made, senseless idols, echoed in Demetrius' complaint.
Supported by Matthew Henry