Genesis48
New International Version
1Some time later Joseph was told, “Your father is ill.” So he took his two sons Manasseh and Ephraim along with him.
2When Jacob was told, “Your son Joseph has come to you,” Israel rallied his strength and sat up on the bed.
3Jacob said to Joseph, “God Almighty appeared to me at Luz in the land of Canaan, and there he blessed me
4and said to me, ‘I am going to make you fruitful and increase your numbers. I will make you a community of peoples, and I will give this land as an everlasting possession to your descendants after you.’
5“Now then, your two sons born to you in Egypt before I came to you here will be reckoned as mine; Ephraim and Manasseh will be mine, just as Reuben and Simeon are mine.
6Any children born to you after them will be yours; in the territory they inherit they will be reckoned under the names of their brothers.
7As I was returning from Paddan, to my sorrow Rachel died in the land of Canaan while we were still on the way, a little distance from Ephrath. So I buried her there beside the road to Ephrath” (that is, Bethlehem).
8When Israel saw the sons of Joseph, he asked, “Who are these?”
9“They are the sons God has given me here,” Joseph said to his father. Then Israel said, “Bring them to me so I may bless them.”
10Now Israel’s eyes were failing because of old age, and he could hardly see. So Joseph brought his sons close to him, and his father kissed them and embraced them.
11Israel said to Joseph, “I never expected to see your face again, and now God has allowed me to see your children too.”
12Then Joseph removed them from Israel’s knees and bowed down with his face to the ground.
13And Joseph took both of them, Ephraim on his right toward Israel’s left hand and Manasseh on his left toward Israel’s right hand, and brought them close to him.
14But Israel reached out his right hand and put it on Ephraim’s head, though he was the younger, and crossing his arms, he put his left hand on Manasseh’s head, even though Manasseh was the firstborn.
15Then he blessed Joseph and said, “May the God before whom my fathers Abraham and Isaac walked faithfully, the God who has been my shepherd all my life to this day,
16the Angel who has delivered me from all harm —may he bless these boys. May they be called by my name and the names of my fathers Abraham and Isaac, and may they increase greatly on the earth.”
17When Joseph saw his father placing his right hand on Ephraim’s head he was displeased; so he took hold of his father’s hand to move it from Ephraim’s head to Manasseh’s head.
18Joseph said to him, “No, my father, this one is the firstborn; put your right hand on his head.”
19But his father refused and said, “I know, my son, I know. He too will become a people, and he too will become great. Nevertheless, his younger brother will be greater than he, and his descendants will become a group of nations.”
20He blessed them that day and said, “In your name will Israel pronounce this blessing: ‘May God make you like Ephraim and Manasseh.’” So he put Ephraim ahead of Manasseh.
21Then Israel said to Joseph, “I am about to die, but God will be with you and take you back to the land of your fathers.
22And to you I give one more ridge of land than to your brothers, the ridge I took from the Amorites with my sword and my bow.”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Genesis 48.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Joseph visits his dying father. (1–7). Jacob blesses Joseph's sons. (8–22).
vv1-7
The death-beds of believers, with the prayers and counsels of dying persons, are suited to make serious impressions upon the young, the gay, and the prosperous: we shall do well to take children on such occasions, when it can be done properly. If the Lord please, it is very desirable to bear our dying testimony to his truth, to his faithfulness, and the pleasantness of his ways. And one would wish so to live, as to give energy and weight to our dying exhortations. All true believers are blessed at their death, but all do not depart equally full of spiritual consolations. Jacob adopted Joseph's two sons. Let them not succeed their father, in his power and grandeur in Egypt; but let them succeed in the inheritance of the promise made to Abraham. Thus the aged dying patriarch teaches these young persons to take their lot with the people of God. He appoints each of them to be the head of a tribe. Those are worthy of double honour, who, through God's grace, break through the temptations of worldly wealth and preferment, to embrace religion in disgrace and poverty. Jacob will have Ephraim and Manasseh to know, that it is better to be low, and in the church, than high, and out of it.
vv8-22
The two good men own God in their comforts. Joseph says, They are my sons whom God has given me. Jacob says, God hath showed me thy seed. Comforts are doubly sweet to us when we see them coming from God's hand. He not only prevents our fears, but exceeds our hopes. Jacob mentions the care the Divine providence had taken of him all his days. A great deal of hardship he had known in his time, but God kept him from the evil of his troubles. Now he was dying, he looked upon himself as redeemed from all sin and sorrow for ever. Christ, the Angel of the covenant, redeems from all evil. Deliverances from misery and dangers, by the Divine power, coming through the ransom of the blood of Christ, in Scripture are often called redemption. In blessing Joseph's sons, Jacob crossed hands. Joseph was willing to support his first-born, and would have removed his father's hands. But Jacob acted neither by mistake, nor from a partial affection to one more than the other; but from a spirit of prophecy, and by the Divine counsel. God, in bestowing blessings upon his people, gives more to some than to others, more gifts, graces, and comforts, and more of the good things of this life. He often gives most to those that are least likely. He chooses the weak things of the world; he raises the poor out of the dust. Grace observes not the order of nature, nor does God prefer those whom we think fittest to be preferred, but as it pleases him. How poor are they who have no riches but those of this world! How miserable is a death-bed to those who have no well-grounded hope of good, but dreadful apprehensions of evil, and nothing but evil for ever!
Key Words
אַחַר: properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
דָּבָר: a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
יוֹסֵף: Joseph, the name of seven Israelites
אָמַר: to say (used with great latitude)
הִנֵּה: lo!
אָב: father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
חָלָה: properly, to be rubbed or worn; hence (figuratively) to be weak, sick, afflicted; or (causatively) to grieve, make sick; also to stroke (in flattering), entreat
לָקַח: to take (in the widest variety of applications)
שְׁנַיִם: two; also (as ordinal) twofold
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
Cross References
Genesis 48Explains that Reuben's birthright was given to the sons of Joseph, establishing the double inheritance.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
New Testament commentary highlights Jacob's blessing of Joseph's sons as a prime example of enduring faith.
Supported by JFB
Joseph echoes Jacob's dying words: 'I die: and God will surely visit you, and bring you out'
John explicitly mentions the parcel of ground that Jacob gave to his son Joseph near Sychar
Supported by JFB
Refers to God's appearance to Jacob at Luz (Bethel) to bless him with the covenant.
Supported by JFB
The covenant promise repeated here by Jacob regarding the multiplication of his seed and the land.
Supported by JFB
Joseph's bones are buried in the very parcel of ground Jacob gave him at Shechem
Explains how the birthright was given to Joseph, explaining the double portion Jacob bestows here
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The birth of Manasseh and Ephraim in Egypt before Jacob's arrival, whom Jacob now adopts.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
The historical account of Rachel's death and burial on the way to Ephrath (Bethlehem).
Supported by Matthew Poole
Moses' blessing echoes Jacob's prophecy, noting the relative greatness of Ephraim's ten thousands.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Moses carries out Joseph's bones, fulfilling the promise of returning to the ancestral land
Records Jacob's original purchase of the parcel of ground at Shechem from Hamor's sons
Supported by JFB
Parallel where Isaac's eyes were dim with age, similarly affecting a paternal covenant blessing.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The command to walk before God, echoing Jacob's mention of his fathers' walk.
Supported by John Calvin
Hosea recounts Jacob's encounter with the Angel at Bethel, illuminating the identity of the redeeming Angel.
Supported by John Calvin
God's promise at Bethel to be with Jacob and keep him, fulfilling the redemption from evil.
Supported by JFB
The Angel of His presence saved them, parallel to the redeeming Angel invoked by Jacob.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Jacob remembers God's Bethel promise to be with him and bring him back to Canaan
Supported by JFB
The law of the double portion (two shares) given to the firstborn, clarifying Joseph's portion
Joseph's descendants demand more territory, referencing the mountain country and the Amorites
The census in the wilderness demonstrates Ephraim's tribe outnumbering Manasseh's, fulfilling Jacob's prophecy.
Supported by Matthew Poole
New Testament commentary on Jacob blessing both the sons of Joseph by faith
Supported by JFB
Shows the preceding event of Jacob's illness and his preparation on his bed.
Supported by Matthew Poole