John8
New International Version
1but Jesus went to the Mount of Olives.
2At dawn he appeared again in the temple courts, where all the people gathered around him, and he sat down to teach them.
3The teachers of the law and the Pharisees brought in a woman caught in adultery. They made her stand before the group
4and said to Jesus, “Teacher, this woman was caught in the act of adultery.
5In the Law Moses commanded us to stone such women. Now what do you say?”
6They were using this question as a trap, in order to have a basis for accusing him. But Jesus bent down and started to write on the ground with his finger.
7When they kept on questioning him, he straightened up and said to them, “Let any one of you who is without sin be the first to throw a stone at her.”
8Again he stooped down and wrote on the ground.
9At this, those who heard began to go away one at a time, the older ones first, until only Jesus was left, with the woman still standing there.
10Jesus straightened up and asked her, “Woman, where are they? Has no one condemned you?”
11“No one, sir,” she said. “Then neither do I condemn you,” Jesus declared. “Go now and leave your life of sin.”
12When Jesus spoke again to the people, he said, “I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me will never walk in darkness, but will have the light of life.”
13The Pharisees challenged him, “Here you are, appearing as your own witness; your testimony is not valid.”
14Jesus answered, “Even if I testify on my own behalf, my testimony is valid, for I know where I came from and where I am going. But you have no idea where I come from or where I am going.
15You judge by human standards; I pass judgment on no one.
16But if I do judge, my decisions are true, because I am not alone. I stand with the Father, who sent me.
17In your own Law it is written that the testimony of two witnesses is true.
18I am one who testifies for myself; my other witness is the Father, who sent me.”
19Then they asked him, “Where is your father?” “You do not know me or my Father,” Jesus replied. “If you knew me, you would know my Father also.”
20He spoke these words while teaching in the temple courts near the place where the offerings were put. Yet no one seized him, because his hour had not yet come.
21Once more Jesus said to them, “I am going away, and you will look for me, and you will die in your sin. Where I go, you cannot come.”
22This made the Jews ask, “Will he kill himself? Is that why he says, ‘Where I go, you cannot come’?”
23But he continued, “You are from below; I am from above. You are of this world; I am not of this world.
24I told you that you would die in your sins; if you do not believe that I am he, you will indeed die in your sins.”
25“Who are you?” they asked. “Just what I have been telling you from the beginning,” Jesus replied.
26“I have much to say in judgment of you. But he who sent me is trustworthy, and what I have heard from him I tell the world.”
27They did not understand that he was telling them about his Father.
28So Jesus said, “When you have lifted up the Son of Man, then you will know that I am he and that I do nothing on my own but speak just what the Father has taught me.
29The one who sent me is with me; he has not left me alone, for I always do what pleases him.”
30Even as he spoke, many believed in him.
31To the Jews who had believed him, Jesus said, “If you hold to my teaching, you are really my disciples.
32Then you will know the truth, and the truth will set you free.”
33They answered him, “We are Abraham’s descendants and have never been slaves of anyone. How can you say that we shall be set free?”
34Jesus replied, “Very truly I tell you, everyone who sins is a slave to sin.
35Now a slave has no permanent place in the family, but a son belongs to it forever.
36So if the Son sets you free, you will be free indeed.
37I know that you are Abraham’s descendants. Yet you are looking for a way to kill me, because you have no room for my word.
38I am telling you what I have seen in the Father’s presence, and you are doing what you have heard from your father.”
39“Abraham is our father,” they answered. “If you were Abraham’s children,” said Jesus, “then you would do what Abraham did.
40As it is, you are looking for a way to kill me, a man who has told you the truth that I heard from God. Abraham did not do such things.
41You are doing the works of your own father.” “We are not illegitimate children,” they protested. “The only Father we have is God himself.”
42Jesus said to them, “If God were your Father, you would love me, for I have come here from God. I have not come on my own; God sent me.
43Why is my language not clear to you? Because you are unable to hear what I say.
44You belong to your father, the devil, and you want to carry out your father’s desires. He was a murderer from the beginning, not holding to the truth, for there is no truth in him. When he lies, he speaks his native language, for he is a liar and the father of lies.
45Yet because I tell the truth, you do not believe me!
46Can any of you prove me guilty of sin? If I am telling the truth, why don’t you believe me?
47Whoever belongs to God hears what God says. The reason you do not hear is that you do not belong to God.”
48The Jews answered him, “Aren’t we right in saying that you are a Samaritan and demon-possessed?”
49“I am not possessed by a demon,” said Jesus, “but I honor my Father and you dishonor me.
50I am not seeking glory for myself; but there is one who seeks it, and he is the judge.
51Very truly I tell you, whoever obeys my word will never see death.”
52At this they exclaimed, “Now we know that you are demon-possessed! Abraham died and so did the prophets, yet you say that whoever obeys your word will never taste death.
53Are you greater than our father Abraham? He died, and so did the prophets. Who do you think you are?”
54Jesus replied, “If I glorify myself, my glory means nothing. My Father, whom you claim as your God, is the one who glorifies me.
55Though you do not know him, I know him. If I said I did not, I would be a liar like you, but I do know him and obey his word.
56Your father Abraham rejoiced at the thought of seeing my day; he saw it and was glad.”
57“You are not yet fifty years old,” they said to him, “and you have seen Abraham!”
58“Very truly I tell you,” Jesus answered, “before Abraham was born, I am!”
59At this, they picked up stones to stone him, but Jesus hid himself, slipping away from the temple grounds.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for John 8.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The Pharisees and the adulteress. (1–11). Christ's discourse with the Pharisees. (12–59).
vv1-11
Christ neither found fault with the law, nor excused the prisoner's guilt; nor did he countenance the pretended zeal of the Pharisees. Those are self-condemned who judge others, and yet do the same thing. All who are any way called to blame the faults of others, are especially concerned to look to themselves, and keep themselves pure. In this matter Christ attended to the great work about which he came into the world, that was, to bring sinners to repentance; not to destroy, but to save. He aimed to bring, not only the accused to repentance, by showing her his mercy, but the prosecutors also, by showing them their sins; they thought to insnare him, he sought to convince and convert them. He declined to meddle with the magistrate's office. Many crimes merit far more severe punishment than they meet with; but we should not leave our own work, to take that upon ourselves to which we are not called. When Christ sent her away, it was with this caution, Go, and sin no more. Those who help to save the life of a criminal, should help to save the soul with the same caution. Those are truly happy, whom Christ does not condemn. Christ's favour to us in the forgiveness of past sins should prevail with us, Go then, and sin no more.
vv12-16
Christ is the Light of the world. God is light, and Christ is the image of the invisible God. One sun enlightens the whole world; so does one Christ, and there needs no more. What a dark dungeon would the world be without the sun! So would it be without Jesus, by whom light came into the world. Those who follow Christ shall not walk in darkness. They shall not be left without the truths which are necessary to keep them from destroying error, and the directions in the way of duty, necessary to keep them from condemning sin.
vv17-20
If we knew Christ better, we should know the Father better. Those become vain in their imaginations concerning God, who will not learn of Christ. Those who know not his glory and grace, know not the Father that sent him. The time of our departure out of the world, depends upon God. Our enemies cannot hasten it any sooner, nor can our friends delay it any longer, than the time appointed of the Father. Every true believer can look up and say with pleasure, My times are in thy hand, and better there than in my own. To all God's purposes there is a time.
Key Words
δέ (dé): but, and, etc.
Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs): Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites
πορεύομαι (poreúomai): to traverse, i.e. travel (literally or figuratively; especially to remove (figuratively, die), live, etc.);
εἰς (eis): to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
ὄρος (óros): perhaps akin to G142 (αἴρω); compare G3733 (ὄρνις)); a mountain (as lifting itself above the plain)
ἐλαία (elaía): an olive (the tree or the fruit)
ὄρθρος (órthros): dawn (as sun-rise, rising of light); by extension, morn
παραγίνομαι (paragínomai): to become near, i.e. approach (have arrived); by implication, to appear publicly
πάλιν (pálin): (adverbially) anew, i.e. (of place) back, (of time) once more, or (conjunctionally) furthermore or on the other hand
ἱερόν (hierón): a sacred place, i.e. the entire precincts (whereas G3485 (ναός) denotes the central sanctuary itself) of the Temple (at Jerusalem or elsewhere)
Cross References
John 8The Mosaic Law prescribing death for adultery, cited by the scribes to trap Jesus.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
The law requiring the hands of the witnesses to be first in executing the condemned.
Supported by John Calvin, JFB
Explicitly connects casting out the slave-woman's son with Jesus' warning that servants do not abide forever.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin, JFB
Directly identifies the 'father' of Jesus' opponents, whose desires they do, as the devil.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
Jesus claims the divine name 'I AM', expressing self-existence and eternity.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
Parallel describing Jesus lodging at the Mount of Olives and teaching early at the temple.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The Mosaic statute commanding that both the adulterer and adulteress be put to death.
Supported by JFB
Prophetic description of execution by stoning for those who commit spiritual or physical adultery.
Supported by JFB
Parallels Jesus' solemn warning that they will seek Him and be unable to come where He is.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Jesus uses the same specific terminology of being 'lifted up' to signify His crucifixion.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
Echoes Christ's precise teaching that yielding to sin makes one a slave to that sin.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
Abraham saw Christ's day and promises afar off by faith, rejoicing in them.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
Asserts Christ's absolute, pre-existent deity before time and creation began.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Jesus refuses to act as a civil judge or divider, preserving His spiritual mission.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Jesus' extensive discourse on the validity of His self-testimony and the Father's witness.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Jesus warns against judging according to appearance/flesh rather than righteous judgment.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The legal requirement that a matter must be established by two or three witnesses.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Contrast between Him who comes 'from above' and those who are 'of the earth'.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Affirms that where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is the freedom Christ promises.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The Old Testament type of Ishmael, the slave's son, being cast out of the house.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
Contrasts Moses as a servant in the house with Christ as the Son over His house.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Exhorts believers to stand fast in the liberty with which Christ has made us free.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Explicates the concept of doing 'the works of Abraham' by walking in his steps of faith.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
The foundational prophecy of enmity between the serpent's seed and the woman's seed.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
Affirms Christ's absolute sinlessness; He did no sin, nor was guile found.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Believers in Christ will never experience spiritual and eternal death.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Abraham received the promise of blessing for all nations in his Seed.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
The Mosaic law commanded stoning for blasphemy, which the Jews charged Him with.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
The Jews again take up stones because of His explicit claims to deity.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Condemns those who judge others while practicing the very same sins themselves.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Identical charge given to a healed man to sin no more lest worse happen.
Supported by JFB
Jesus reiterates His identity as the Light of the World during His earthly ministry.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Affirms that God did not send His Son to condemn the world but to save.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Discusses the crowd's confusion over the lifting up of the Son of man.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Jesus expands on 'abiding' (continuing) in His word as the key to true discipleship.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
John the Baptist similarly warns against relying on the physical claim 'We have Abraham as our father.'
Supported by John Calvin, JFB