Esther 8NKJV
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Esther8

New King James Version

1On that day King Ahasuerus gave Queen Esther the house of Haman, the enemy of the Jews. And Mordecai came before the king, for Esther had told how he was related to her.

2So the king took off his signet ring, which he had taken from Haman, and gave it to Mordecai; and Esther appointed Mordecai over the house of Haman.

3Now Esther spoke again to the king, fell down at his feet, and implored him with tears to counteract the evil of Haman the Agagite, and the scheme which he had devised against the Jews.

4And the king held out the golden scepter toward Esther. So Esther arose and stood before the king,

5and said, “If it pleases the king, and if I have found favor in his sight and the thing seems right to the king and I am pleasing in his eyes, let it be written to revoke the letters devised by Haman, the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, which he wrote to annihilate the Jews who are in all the king’s provinces.

6For how can I endure to see the evil that will come to my people? Or how can I endure to see the destruction of my countrymen?”

7Then King Ahasuerus said to Queen Esther and Mordecai the Jew, “Indeed, I have given Esther the house of Haman, and they have hanged him on the gallows because he tried to lay his hand on the Jews.

8You yourselves write a decree concerning the Jews, as you please, in the king’s name, and seal it with the king’s signet ring; for whatever is written in the king’s name and sealed with the king’s signet ring no one can revoke.”

9So the king’s scribes were called at that time, in the third month, which is the month of Sivan, on the twenty-third day; and it was written, according to all that Mordecai commanded, to the Jews, the satraps, the governors, and the princes of the provinces from India to Ethiopia, one hundred and twenty-seven provinces in all, to every province in its own script, to every people in their own language, and to the Jews in their own script and language.

10And he wrote in the name of King Ahasuerus, sealed it with the king’s signet ring, and sent letters by couriers on horseback, riding on royal horses bred from swift steeds.

11By these letters the king permitted the Jews who were in every city to gather together and protect their lives—to destroy, kill, and annihilate all the forces of any people or province that would assault them, both little children and women, and to plunder their possessions,

12on one day in all the provinces of King Ahasuerus, on the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar.

13A copy of the document was to be issued as a decree in every province and published for all people, so that the Jews would be ready on that day to avenge themselves on their enemies.

14The couriers who rode on royal horses went out, hastened and pressed on by the king’s command. And the decree was issued in Shushan the citadel.

15So Mordecai went out from the presence of the king in royal apparel of blue and white, with a great crown of gold and a garment of fine linen and purple; and the city of Shushan rejoiced and was glad.

16The Jews had light and gladness, joy and honor.

17And in every province and city, wherever the king’s command and decree came, the Jews had joy and gladness, a feast and a holiday. Then many of the people of the land became Jews, because fear of the Jews fell upon them.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Esther 8.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Mordecai is advanced. (1, 2). Esther makes suit for the Jews. (3–14). Mordecai honoured, The joy of the Jews. (15–17).

vv1-2

What Haman would have done mischief with, Esther will do good with. All the trust the king had reposed in Haman, he now placed in Mordecai: a happy change. See the vanity of laying up treasure upon earth; he that heapeth up riches, knoweth not who shall gather them. With what little pleasure, nay, with what constant vexation, would Haman have looked upon his estate, if he could have foreseen that Mordecai, the man he hated above all men in the world, should have rule over all that wherein he had laboured! It is our interest to make sure of those riches which will not be left behind, but which will go with us to another world.

vv3-14

It was time to be earnest, when the church of God was at stake. Esther, though safe herself, fell down and begged for the deliverance of her people. We read of no tears when she begged for her own life, but although she was sure of that, she wept for her people. Tears of pity and tenderness are the most Christ-like. According to the constitution of the Persian government, no law or decree could be repealed or recalled. This is so far from speaking to the wisdom and honour of the Medes and Persians, that it clearly shows their pride and folly. This savours of that old presumption which ruined all, We will be as gods! It is God's prerogative not to repent, or to say what can never be altered or unsaid. Yet a way was found, by another decree, to authorize the Jews to stand upon their defence. The decree was published in the languages of all the provinces. Shall all the subjects of an earthly prince have his decrees in languages they understand, and shall God's oracles and laws be locked up from any of his servants in an unknown tongue?

vv15-17

Mordecai's robes now were rich. These things are not worth notice, but as marks of the king's favour, and the fruit of God's favour to his church. It is well with a land, when ensigns of dignity are made the ornaments of serious piety. When the church prospers, many will join it, who will be shy of it when in trouble. When believers have rest, and walk in the fear of the Lord, and the comfort of the Holy Ghost, they will be multiplied. And the attempts of Satan to destroy the church, always tend to increase the number of true Christians.

Cross References

Esther 8
v2Esther 3:10contrast

The king transfers the very signet ring previously given to Haman directly to Mordecai.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v2Genesis 41:42thematic

Parallel elevation of a Hebrew captive with a royal signet ring, matching Joseph's honor.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v8Daniel 6:8thematic

The absolute, unalterable nature of the laws of the Medes and Persians.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v1Proverbs 13:22thematic

The wealth of the sinner (Haman) is laid up for the righteous (Esther and Mordecai).

Supported by Matthew Henry

v4Esther 4:11thematic

Contrast with Esther's previous terror of death upon approaching the king's golden sceptre.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v9Esther 3:12contrast

The second drafting of letters by scribes contrasts with Haman's first destructive decree.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v15Proverbs 11:10thematic

When the wicked perish, there is shouting; the city of Shushan rejoices at Mordecai's honor.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v15Esther 3:15contrast

Contrasts the city's joy now with the perplexity felt when Haman's decree went forth.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v6Genesis 44:34thematic

Esther echoes Judah's deep grief and inability to witness the destruction of her kindred.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v16Psalms 97:11thematic

Light is sown for the righteous, fulfilled physically and spiritually in the Jews' joy.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v17Exodus 15:16thematic

Dread of God's people falls upon the inhabitants, reminiscent of the Exodus.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v17Zechariah 8:23thematic

Gentiles joining the Jews because they perceive that God is visibly with them.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v7Esther 7:10thematic

Ahasuerus references Haman's hanging as proof of his favor and justice to Esther.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v9Esther 1:1thematic

The vast administrative scale of the empire, spanning from India to Ethiopia.

Supported by Matthew Poole