Proverbs28
New King James Version
1 The wicked flee when no one pursues, But the righteous are bold as a lion.
2 Because of the transgression of a land, many are its princes; But by a man of understanding and knowledge Right will be prolonged.
3 A poor man who oppresses the poor Is like a driving rain which leaves no food.
4 Those who forsake the law praise the wicked, But such as keep the law contend with them.
5 Evil men do not understand justice, But those who seek the Lord understand all.
6 Better is the poor who walks in his integrity Than one perverse in his ways, though he be rich.
7 Whoever keeps the law is a discerning son, But a companion of gluttons shames his father.
8 One who increases his possessions by usury and extortion Gathers it for him who will pity the poor.
9 One who turns away his ear from hearing the law, Even his prayer is an abomination.
10 Whoever causes the upright to go astray in an evil way, He himself will fall into his own pit; But the blameless will inherit good.
11 The rich man is wise in his own eyes, But the poor who has understanding searches him out.
12 When the righteous rejoice, there is great glory; But when the wicked arise, men hide themselves.
13 He who covers his sins will not prosper, But whoever confesses and forsakes them will have mercy.
14 Happy is the man who is always reverent, But he who hardens his heart will fall into calamity.
15 Like a roaring lion and a charging bear Is a wicked ruler over poor people.
16 A ruler who lacks understanding is a great oppressor, But he who hates covetousness will prolong his days.
17 A man burdened with bloodshed will flee into a pit; Let no one help him.
18 Whoever walks blamelessly will be saved, But he who is perverse in his ways will suddenly fall.
19 He who tills his land will have plenty of bread, But he who follows frivolity will have poverty enough!
20 A faithful man will abound with blessings, But he who hastens to be rich will not go unpunished.
21 To show partiality is not good, Because for a piece of bread a man will transgress.
22 A man with an evil eye hastens after riches, And does not consider that poverty will come upon him.
23 He who rebukes a man will find more favor afterward Than he who flatters with the tongue.
24 Whoever robs his father or his mother, And says, “It is no transgression,” The same is companion to a destroyer.
25 He who is of a proud heart stirs up strife, But he who trusts in the Lord will be prospered.
26 He who trusts in his own heart is a fool, But whoever walks wisely will be delivered.
27 He who gives to the poor will not lack, But he who hides his eyes will have many curses.
28 When the wicked arise, men hide themselves; But when they perish, the righteous increase.
Study
Proverbs 28Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Proverbs 28. The full AI study guide (summary, themes, context) has its own page.
v1
Sin makes men cowards. Whatever difficulties the righteous meet in the way of duty, they are not daunted.
v2
National sins disturb the public repose.
v3
If needy persons get opportunities of oppressing, their extortion will be more severe than that of the more wealthy.
Key Words
רָשָׁע: morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person
נוּס: to flit, i.e. vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver)
אַיִן: a non-entity; generally used as a negative particle
רָדַף: to run after (usually with hostile intent; figuratively (of time) gone by)
צַדִּיק: just
בָּטַח: figuratively, to trust, be confident or sure
כְּפִיר: a village (as covered in by walls); also a young lion (perhaps as covered with a mane)
אֶרֶץ: the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
פֶּשַׁע: a revolt (national, moral or religious)
רַב: abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
Cross References
Proverbs 28Explicitly describes the wicked fleeing when no one pursues, driven by terror of a shaken leaf.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel proverb contrasting walking surely in integrity with the sudden fall of the perverse.
Supported by JFB
Jesus condemns those who rob parents of due honor/support using religious pretexts.
Supported by JFB
Willingness to do God's will is the key to understanding spiritual truth.
Supported by JFB
Identifies riotous men as gluttons and drunkards who bring shame.
Supported by JFB
Direct parallel: turning a deaf ear to the poor results in unanswered prayers.
Supported by Matthew Henry
David's personal testimony of the misery of covering sin versus finding mercy in confession.
Supported by JFB
Identical Hebrew warning against showing respect of persons in judgment.
Supported by JFB
Law forbidding usury and unjust increase when lending to the poor.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The foundational covenant decree regarding the blood of a murderer fleeing to destruction.
Supported by JFB
Parallel proverb contrasting diligent land tillage with following vain, idle persons.
Supported by JFB
Warnings on how those who make haste to be rich fall into snares.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Jesus uses the idiom of the 'evil eye' to denote envy and covetousness.
Supported by JFB
Internal verbal parallel regarding men hiding when wicked rulers rise to power.
Supported by JFB
Contrasts trusting in one's own heart with trusting in the Lord wholeheartedly.
Supported by JFB