Proverbs28
New International Version
1The wicked flee though no one pursues, but the righteous are as bold as a lion.
2When a country is rebellious, it has many rulers, but a ruler with discernment and knowledge maintains order.
3A ruler who oppresses the poor is like a driving rain that leaves no crops.
4Those who forsake instruction praise the wicked, but those who heed it resist them.
5Evildoers do not understand what is right, but those who seek the Lord understand it fully.
6Better the poor whose walk is blameless than the rich whose ways are perverse.
7A discerning son heeds instruction, but a companion of gluttons disgraces his father.
8Whoever increases wealth by taking interest or profit from the poor amasses it for another, who will be kind to the poor.
9If anyone turns a deaf ear to my instruction, even their prayers are detestable.
10Whoever leads the upright along an evil path will fall into their own trap, but the blameless will receive a good inheritance.
11The rich are wise in their own eyes; one who is poor and discerning sees how deluded they are.
12When the righteous triumph, there is great elation; but when the wicked rise to power, people go into hiding.
13Whoever conceals their sins does not prosper, but the one who confesses and renounces them finds mercy.
14Blessed is the one who always trembles before God, but whoever hardens their heart falls into trouble.
15Like a roaring lion or a charging bear is a wicked ruler over a helpless people.
16A tyrannical ruler practices extortion, but one who hates ill-gotten gain will enjoy a long reign.
17Anyone tormented by the guilt of murder will seek refuge in the grave; let no one hold them back.
18The one whose walk is blameless is kept safe, but the one whose ways are perverse will fall into the pit.
19Those who work their land will have abundant food, but those who chase fantasies will have their fill of poverty.
20A faithful person will be richly blessed, but one eager to get rich will not go unpunished.
21To show partiality is not good— yet a person will do wrong for a piece of bread.
22The stingy are eager to get rich and are unaware that poverty awaits them.
23Whoever rebukes a person will in the end gain favor rather than one who has a flattering tongue.
24Whoever robs their father or mother and says, “It’s not wrong,” is partner to one who destroys.
25The greedy stir up conflict, but those who trust in the Lord will prosper.
26Those who trust in themselves are fools, but those who walk in wisdom are kept safe.
27Those who give to the poor will lack nothing, but those who close their eyes to them receive many curses.
28When the wicked rise to power, people go into hiding; but when the wicked perish, the righteous thrive.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Proverbs 28.
v1
Sin makes men cowards. Whatever difficulties the righteous meet in the way of duty, they are not daunted.
v2
National sins disturb the public repose.
v3
If needy persons get opportunities of oppressing, their extortion will be more severe than that of the more wealthy.
Key Words
רָשָׁע: morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person
נוּס: to flit, i.e. vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver)
אַיִן: a non-entity; generally used as a negative particle
רָדַף: to run after (usually with hostile intent; figuratively (of time) gone by)
צַדִּיק: just
בָּטַח: figuratively, to trust, be confident or sure
כְּפִיר: a village (as covered in by walls); also a young lion (perhaps as covered with a mane)
אֶרֶץ: the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
פֶּשַׁע: a revolt (national, moral or religious)
רַב: abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
Cross References
Proverbs 28Explicitly describes the wicked fleeing when no one pursues, driven by terror of a shaken leaf.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel proverb contrasting walking surely in integrity with the sudden fall of the perverse.
Supported by JFB
Jesus condemns those who rob parents of due honor/support using religious pretexts.
Supported by JFB
Willingness to do God's will is the key to understanding spiritual truth.
Supported by JFB
Identifies riotous men as gluttons and drunkards who bring shame.
Supported by JFB
Direct parallel: turning a deaf ear to the poor results in unanswered prayers.
Supported by Matthew Henry
David's personal testimony of the misery of covering sin versus finding mercy in confession.
Supported by JFB
Identical Hebrew warning against showing respect of persons in judgment.
Supported by JFB
Law forbidding usury and unjust increase when lending to the poor.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The foundational covenant decree regarding the blood of a murderer fleeing to destruction.
Supported by JFB
Parallel proverb contrasting diligent land tillage with following vain, idle persons.
Supported by JFB
Warnings on how those who make haste to be rich fall into snares.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Jesus uses the idiom of the 'evil eye' to denote envy and covetousness.
Supported by JFB
Internal verbal parallel regarding men hiding when wicked rulers rise to power.
Supported by JFB
Contrasts trusting in one's own heart with trusting in the Lord wholeheartedly.
Supported by JFB