2 Kings24
New Living Translation
1During Jehoiakim’s reign, King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon invaded the land of Judah. Jehoiakim surrendered and paid him tribute for three years but then rebelled.
2Then the Lord sent bands of Babylonian, Aramean, Moabite, and Ammonite raiders against Judah to destroy it, just as the Lord had promised through his prophets.
3These disasters happened to Judah because of the Lord’s command. He had decided to banish Judah from his presence because of the many sins of Manasseh,
4who had filled Jerusalem with innocent blood. The Lord would not forgive this.
5The rest of the events in Jehoiakim’s reign and all his deeds are recorded in The Book of the History of the Kings of Judah.
6When Jehoiakim died, his son Jehoiachin became the next king.
7The king of Egypt did not venture out of his country after that, for the king of Babylon captured the entire area formerly claimed by Egypt—from the Brook of Egypt to the Euphrates River.
8Jehoiachin was eighteen years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem three months. His mother was Nehushta, the daughter of Elnathan from Jerusalem.
9Jehoiachin did what was evil in the Lord’s sight, just as his father had done.
10During Jehoiachin’s reign, the officers of King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon came up against Jerusalem and besieged it.
11Nebuchadnezzar himself arrived at the city during the siege.
12Then King Jehoiachin, along with the queen mother, his advisers, his commanders, and his officials, surrendered to the Babylonians. In the eighth year of Nebuchadnezzar’s reign, he took Jehoiachin prisoner.
13As the Lord had said beforehand, Nebuchadnezzar carried away all the treasures from the Lord’s Temple and the royal palace. He stripped away all the gold objects that King Solomon of Israel had placed in the Temple.
14King Nebuchadnezzar took all of Jerusalem captive, including all the commanders and the best of the soldiers, craftsmen, and artisans—10,000 in all. Only the poorest people were left in the land.
15Nebuchadnezzar led King Jehoiachin away as a captive to Babylon, along with the queen mother, his wives and officials, and all Jerusalem’s elite.
16He also exiled 7,000 of the best troops and 1,000 craftsmen and artisans, all of whom were strong and fit for war.
17Then the king of Babylon installed Mattaniah, Jehoiachin’s uncle, as the next king, and he changed Mattaniah’s name to Zedekiah.
18Zedekiah was twenty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. His mother was Hamutal, the daughter of Jeremiah from Libnah.
19But Zedekiah did what was evil in the Lord’s sight, just as Jehoiakim had done.
20These things happened because of the Lord’s anger against the people of Jerusalem and Judah, until he finally banished them from his presence and sent them into exile. Zedekiah rebelled against the king of Babylon.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Kings 24.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Jehoiakim subdued by Nebuchadnezzar. (1–7). Jehoiachim captive in Babylon. (8–20).
vv1-7
If Jehoiakim had served the Lord, he had not been servant to Nebuchadnezzar. If he had been content with his servitude, and true to his word, his condition had been no worse; but, rebelling against Babylon, he plunged himself into more trouble. See what need nations have to lament the sins of their fathers, lest they smart for them. Threatenings will be fulfilled as certainly as promises, if the sinner's repentance prevent not. (2Ki 24:8-20)
vv8-20
Jehoiachin reigned but three months, yet long enough to show that he justly smarted for his fathers' sins, for he trod in their steps. His uncle was intrusted with the government. This Zedekiah was the last of the kings of Judah. Though the judgments of God upon the three kings before him might have warned him, he did that which was evil, like them. When those intrusted with the counsels of a nation act unwisely, and against their true interest, we ought to notice the displeasure of God in it. It is for the sins of a people that God hides from them the things that belong to the public peace. And in fulfilling the secret purposes of his justice, the Lord needs only leave men to the blindness of their own minds, or to the lusts of their own hearts. The gradual approach of Divine judgments affords sinners space for repentance, and believers leisure to prepare for meeting the calamity, while it shows the obstinacy of those who will not forsake their sins.
Key Words
יוֹם: a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb)
נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר: Nebukadnetstsar (or -retstsar, or -retstsor), king of Babylon
מֶלֶךְ: a king
בָּבֶל: Babel (i.e. Babylon), including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire
עָלָה: to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
יְהוֹיָקִים: Jehojakim, a Jewish king
עֶבֶד: a servant
שָׁלוֹשׁ: three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice
שָׁנֶה: a year (as a revolution of time)
שׁוּב: to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally to retreat; often adverbial, again
Cross References
2 Kings 24Prophetic fulfillment of Jehoiakim's dishonorable end, contrast with "slept with his fathers."
Supported by JFB
Jehoiachin's identity as Coniah/Jeconiah and his judgment from the Lord.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel account addressing the chronological difficulty of Jehoiachin's age at his accession.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Synchronizes Jehoiakim's fourth year with the first year of Nebuchadnezzar's reign.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Context of Nebuchadnezzar's victory over Egypt, forcing Jehoiakim into submission.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Confirms the primary cause of Judah's downfall was Manasseh's unpardoned sin.
Supported by JFB
Fulfillment of Isaiah's prophecy to Hezekiah that all royal treasures would go to Babylon.
Supported by JFB
Details Manasseh's filling Jerusalem with innocent blood, which God would not pardon.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Fulfills prediction that Jehoiakim would have none to sit on David's throne.
Supported by JFB
Ezekiel's figurative portrayal of Jehoiachin's short, evil, and ravenous reign.
Supported by JFB
Genealogical confirmation that Mattaniah (Zedekiah) was the son of Josiah.
Supported by JFB
Prophetic description of the covenant and oath Nebuchadnezzar forced upon Zedekiah.
Supported by JFB
Daniel's parallel timeline of Nebuchadnezzar's initial siege of Jerusalem.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Fulfills Jeremiah's prophecy that Coniah and his mother would be cast into exile.
Supported by JFB
Genealogical confirmation linking Jehoiakim with his successor Jeconiah.
Supported by Matthew Poole