2 Kings24
World English Bible · Public Domain
1In his days Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came up, and Jehoiakim became his servant three years. Then he turned and rebelled against him.
2Yahweh sent against him bands of the Chaldeans, bands of the Syrians, bands of the Moabites, and bands of the children of Ammon, and sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to Yahweh’s word which he spoke by his servants the prophets.
3Surely at the commandment of Yahweh this came on Judah, to remove them out of his sight for the sins of Manasseh, according to all that he did,
4and also for the innocent blood that he shed; for he filled Jerusalem with innocent blood, and Yahweh would not pardon.
5Now the rest of the acts of Jehoiakim, and all that he did, aren’t they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah?
6So Jehoiakim slept with his fathers, and Jehoiachin his son reigned in his place.
7The king of Egypt didn’t come out of his land any more; for the king of Babylon had taken, from the brook of Egypt to the river Euphrates, all that belonged to the king of Egypt.
8Jehoiachin was eighteen years old when he began to reign, and he reigned in Jerusalem three months. His mother’s name was Nehushta the daughter of Elnathan of Jerusalem.
9He did that which was evil in Yahweh’s sight, according to all that his father had done.
10At that time the servants of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came up to Jerusalem, and the city was besieged.
11Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came to the city while his servants were besieging it,
12and Jehoiachin the king of Judah went out to the king of Babylon—he, his mother, his servants, his princes, and his officers; and the king of Babylon captured him in the eighth year of his reign.
13He carried out from there all the treasures of Yahweh’s house and the treasures of the king’s house, and cut in pieces all the vessels of gold which Solomon king of Israel had made in Yahweh’s temple, as Yahweh had said.
14He carried away all Jerusalem, and all the princes, and all the mighty men of valor, even ten thousand captives, and all the craftsmen and the smiths. No one remained except the poorest people of the land.
15He carried away Jehoiachin to Babylon, with the king’s mother, the king’s wives, his officers, and the chief men of the land. He carried them into captivity from Jerusalem to Babylon.
16All the men of might, even seven thousand, and the craftsmen and the smiths one thousand, all of them strong and fit for war, even them the king of Babylon brought captive to Babylon.
17The king of Babylon made Mattaniah, Jehoiachin’s father’s brother, king in his place, and changed his name to Zedekiah.
18Zedekiah was twenty-one years old when he began to reign, and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Hamutal the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah.
19He did that which was evil in Yahweh’s sight, according to all that Jehoiakim had done.
20For through the anger of Yahweh, this happened in Jerusalem and Judah, until he had cast them out from his presence. Then Zedekiah rebelled against the king of Babylon.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Kings 24.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Jehoiakim subdued by Nebuchadnezzar. (1–7). Jehoiachim captive in Babylon. (8–20).
vv1-7
If Jehoiakim had served the Lord, he had not been servant to Nebuchadnezzar. If he had been content with his servitude, and true to his word, his condition had been no worse; but, rebelling against Babylon, he plunged himself into more trouble. See what need nations have to lament the sins of their fathers, lest they smart for them. Threatenings will be fulfilled as certainly as promises, if the sinner's repentance prevent not. (2Ki 24:8-20)
vv8-20
Jehoiachin reigned but three months, yet long enough to show that he justly smarted for his fathers' sins, for he trod in their steps. His uncle was intrusted with the government. This Zedekiah was the last of the kings of Judah. Though the judgments of God upon the three kings before him might have warned him, he did that which was evil, like them. When those intrusted with the counsels of a nation act unwisely, and against their true interest, we ought to notice the displeasure of God in it. It is for the sins of a people that God hides from them the things that belong to the public peace. And in fulfilling the secret purposes of his justice, the Lord needs only leave men to the blindness of their own minds, or to the lusts of their own hearts. The gradual approach of Divine judgments affords sinners space for repentance, and believers leisure to prepare for meeting the calamity, while it shows the obstinacy of those who will not forsake their sins.
Key Words
יוֹם: a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb)
נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר: Nebukadnetstsar (or -retstsar, or -retstsor), king of Babylon
מֶלֶךְ: a king
בָּבֶל: Babel (i.e. Babylon), including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire
עָלָה: to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
יְהוֹיָקִים: Jehojakim, a Jewish king
עֶבֶד: a servant
שָׁלוֹשׁ: three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice
שָׁנֶה: a year (as a revolution of time)
שׁוּב: to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally to retreat; often adverbial, again
Cross References
2 Kings 24Prophetic fulfillment of Jehoiakim's dishonorable end, contrast with "slept with his fathers."
Supported by JFB
Jehoiachin's identity as Coniah/Jeconiah and his judgment from the Lord.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel account addressing the chronological difficulty of Jehoiachin's age at his accession.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Synchronizes Jehoiakim's fourth year with the first year of Nebuchadnezzar's reign.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Context of Nebuchadnezzar's victory over Egypt, forcing Jehoiakim into submission.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Confirms the primary cause of Judah's downfall was Manasseh's unpardoned sin.
Supported by JFB
Fulfillment of Isaiah's prophecy to Hezekiah that all royal treasures would go to Babylon.
Supported by JFB
Details Manasseh's filling Jerusalem with innocent blood, which God would not pardon.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Fulfills prediction that Jehoiakim would have none to sit on David's throne.
Supported by JFB
Ezekiel's figurative portrayal of Jehoiachin's short, evil, and ravenous reign.
Supported by JFB
Genealogical confirmation that Mattaniah (Zedekiah) was the son of Josiah.
Supported by JFB
Prophetic description of the covenant and oath Nebuchadnezzar forced upon Zedekiah.
Supported by JFB
Daniel's parallel timeline of Nebuchadnezzar's initial siege of Jerusalem.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Fulfills Jeremiah's prophecy that Coniah and his mother would be cast into exile.
Supported by JFB
Genealogical confirmation linking Jehoiakim with his successor Jeconiah.
Supported by Matthew Poole