2 Samuel 20NLT
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2 Samuel20

New Living Translation

1There happened to be a troublemaker there named Sheba son of Bicri, a man from the tribe of Benjamin. Sheba blew a ram’s horn and began to chant: “Down with the dynasty of David! We have no interest in the son of Jesse. Come on, you men of Israel, back to your homes!”

2So all the men of Israel deserted David and followed Sheba son of Bicri. But the men of Judah stayed with their king and escorted him from the Jordan River to Jerusalem.

3When David came to his palace in Jerusalem, he took the ten concubines he had left to look after the palace and placed them in seclusion. Their needs were provided for, but he no longer slept with them. So each of them lived like a widow until she died.

4Then the king told Amasa, “Mobilize the army of Judah within three days, and report back at that time.”

5So Amasa went out to notify Judah, but it took him longer than the time he had been given.

6Then David said to Abishai, “Sheba son of Bicri is going to hurt us more than Absalom did. Quick, take my troops and chase after him before he gets into a fortified town where we can’t reach him.”

7So Abishai and Joab, together with the king’s bodyguard and all the mighty warriors, set out from Jerusalem to go after Sheba.

8As they arrived at the great stone in Gibeon, Amasa met them. Joab was wearing his military tunic with a dagger strapped to his belt. As he stepped forward to greet Amasa, he slipped the dagger from its sheath.

9“How are you, my cousin?” Joab said and took him by the beard with his right hand as though to kiss him.

10Amasa didn’t notice the dagger in his left hand, and Joab stabbed him in the stomach with it so that his insides gushed out onto the ground. Joab did not need to strike again, and Amasa soon died. Joab and his brother Abishai left him lying there and continued after Sheba.

11One of Joab’s young men shouted to Amasa’s troops, “If you are for Joab and David, come and follow Joab.”

12But Amasa lay in his blood in the middle of the road, and Joab’s man saw that everyone was stopping to stare at him. So he pulled him off the road into a field and threw a cloak over him.

13With Amasa’s body out of the way, everyone went on with Joab to capture Sheba son of Bicri.

14Meanwhile, Sheba traveled through all the tribes of Israel and eventually came to the town of Abel-beth-maacah. All the members of his own clan, the Bicrites, assembled for battle and followed him into the town.

15When Joab’s forces arrived, they attacked Abel-beth-maacah. They built a siege ramp against the town’s fortifications and began battering down the wall.

16But a wise woman in the town called out to Joab, “Listen to me, Joab. Come over here so I can talk to you.”

17As he approached, the woman asked, “Are you Joab?” “I am,” he replied. So she said, “Listen carefully to your servant.” “I’m listening,” he said.

18Then she continued, “There used to be a saying, ‘If you want to settle an argument, ask advice at the town of Abel.’

19I am one who is peace loving and faithful in Israel. But you are destroying an important town in Israel. Why do you want to devour what belongs to the Lord?”

20And Joab replied, “Believe me, I don’t want to devour or destroy your town!

21That’s not my purpose. All I want is a man named Sheba son of Bicri from the hill country of Ephraim, who has revolted against King David. If you hand over this one man to me, I will leave the town in peace.” “All right,” the woman replied, “we will throw his head over the wall to you.”

22Then the woman went to all the people with her wise advice, and they cut off Sheba’s head and threw it out to Joab. So he blew the ram’s horn and called his troops back from the attack. They all returned to their homes, and Joab returned to the king at Jerusalem.

23Now Joab was the commander of the army of Israel. Benaiah son of Jehoiada was captain of the king’s bodyguard.

24Adoniram was in charge of forced labor. Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the royal historian.

25Sheva was the court secretary. Zadok and Abiathar were the priests.

26And Ira, a descendant of Jair, was David’s personal priest.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Samuel 20.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Sheba's rebellion. (1–3). Amasa slain by Joab. (4–13). Sheba takes refuge in Abel. (14–22). David's officers. (23–26).

vv1-3

One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own way, or wholly refuse their assistance. The favour of the many is not to be depended upon; and what have others to expect, when Hosanna to the Son of David was soon changed to Crucify him, crucify him?

vv4-13

Joab barbarously murdered Amasa. The more plot there is in a sin, the worse it is. Joab contentedly sacrificed the interest both of the king and the kingdom to his personal revenge. But one would wonder with what face a murderer could pursue a traitor; and how, under such a load of guilt, he had courage to enter upon danger: his conscience was seared.

vv14-22

Justly is that place attacked, which dares to harbour a traitor; nor will the heart fare better which indulges rebellious lusts, that will not have Christ to reign over them. A discreet woman, by her prudent management, satisfied Joab, and yet saved the city. Wisdom is not confined to rank or sex; it consists not in deep knowledge; but in understanding how to act as matters arise, that troubles may be turned away and benefits secured. A great deal of mischief would be prevented, if contending parties would understand one another. Let both sides be undeceived. The single condition of peace is, the surrender of the traitor. It is so in God's dealing with the soul, when besieged by conviction and distress; sin is the traitor; the beloved lust is the rebel: part with that, cast away the transgression, and all shall be well. There is no peace on any other terms.

Cross References

2 Samuel 20
v11 Kings 12:16thematic

Verbatim echo of Sheba's secession formula: 'We have no part in David, neither inheritance in Jesse.'

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v42 Samuel 19:13thematic

David's promise to make Amasa general, explaining why David orders him to assemble Judah.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v102 Samuel 3:27thematic

Joab's previous treacherous murder of Abner under the guise of a peaceful greeting.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v101 Kings 2:5thematic

David charges Solomon to execute Joab for murdering Abner and Amasa in time of peace.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v101 Kings 2:31-34thematic

The execution of Joab for his treacherous assassinations of Abner and Amasa.

Supported by Matthew Poole

The law of warfare requiring offering peace before besieging, which the wise woman cites.

Supported by Matthew Poole

The bitter contention between Israel and Judah that immediately provoked Sheba's rebellion.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

The biblical definition of 'men of Belial' as lawless individuals who withdraw from authority.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v32 Samuel 16:21thematic

Absalom's defilement of David's concubines, necessitating their lifelong confinement.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Wisdom warning against deceitful, flattering lips that mask deep, deadly malice.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v9Psalms 55:21thematic

Words smoother than butter while war is in the heart; fits Joab's friendly kiss.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v162 Samuel 14:2thematic

Another instance of Joab employing or interacting with a wise woman from the region.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v232 Samuel 8:16thematic

The list of David's officers before his troubles, showing the restoration of his cabinet.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v102 Samuel 4:6thematic

Verbal parallel of striking a victim in the 'fifth rib' for a fatal blow.

Supported by Matthew Poole