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Acts4

New Living Translation

1While Peter and John were speaking to the people, they were confronted by the priests, the captain of the Temple guard, and some of the Sadducees.

2These leaders were very disturbed that Peter and John were teaching the people that through Jesus there is a resurrection of the dead.

3They arrested them and, since it was already evening, put them in jail until morning.

4But many of the people who heard their message believed it, so the number of men who believed now totaled about 5,000.

5The next day the council of all the rulers and elders and teachers of religious law met in Jerusalem.

6Annas the high priest was there, along with Caiaphas, John, Alexander, and other relatives of the high priest.

7They brought in the two disciples and demanded, “By what power, or in whose name, have you done this?”

8Then Peter, filled with the Holy Spirit, said to them, “Rulers and elders of our people,

9are we being questioned today because we’ve done a good deed for a crippled man? Do you want to know how he was healed?

10Let me clearly state to all of you and to all the people of Israel that he was healed by the powerful name of Jesus Christ the Nazarene, the man you crucified but whom God raised from the dead.

11For Jesus is the one referred to in the Scriptures, where it says, ‘The stone that you builders rejected has now become the cornerstone.’

12There is salvation in no one else! God has given no other name under heaven by which we must be saved.”

13The members of the council were amazed when they saw the boldness of Peter and John, for they could see that they were ordinary men with no special training in the Scriptures. They also recognized them as men who had been with Jesus.

14But since they could see the man who had been healed standing right there among them, there was nothing the council could say.

15So they ordered Peter and John out of the council chamber and conferred among themselves.

16“What should we do with these men?” they asked each other. “We can’t deny that they have performed a miraculous sign, and everybody in Jerusalem knows about it.

17But to keep them from spreading their propaganda any further, we must warn them not to speak to anyone in Jesus’ name again.”

18So they called the apostles back in and commanded them never again to speak or teach in the name of Jesus.

19But Peter and John replied, “Do you think God wants us to obey you rather than him?

20We cannot stop telling about everything we have seen and heard.”

21The council then threatened them further, but they finally let them go because they didn’t know how to punish them without starting a riot. For everyone was praising God

22for this miraculous sign—the healing of a man who had been lame for more than forty years.

23As soon as they were freed, Peter and John returned to the other believers and told them what the leading priests and elders had said.

24When they heard the report, all the believers lifted their voices together in prayer to God: “O Sovereign Lord, Creator of heaven and earth, the sea, and everything in them—

25you spoke long ago by the Holy Spirit through our ancestor David, your servant, saying, ‘Why were the nations so angry? Why did they waste their time with futile plans?

26The kings of the earth prepared for battle; the rulers gathered together against the Lord and against his Messiah.’

27“In fact, this has happened here in this very city! For Herod Antipas, Pontius Pilate the governor, the Gentiles, and the people of Israel were all united against Jesus, your holy servant, whom you anointed.

28But everything they did was determined beforehand according to your will.

29And now, O Lord, hear their threats, and give us, your servants, great boldness in preaching your word.

30Stretch out your hand with healing power; may miraculous signs and wonders be done through the name of your holy servant Jesus.”

31After this prayer, the meeting place shook, and they were all filled with the Holy Spirit. Then they preached the word of God with boldness.

32All the believers were united in heart and mind. And they felt that what they owned was not their own, so they shared everything they had.

33The apostles testified powerfully to the resurrection of the Lord Jesus, and God’s great blessing was upon them all.

34There were no needy people among them, because those who owned land or houses would sell them

35and bring the money to the apostles to give to those in need.

36For instance, there was Joseph, the one the apostles nicknamed Barnabas (which means “Son of Encouragement”). He was from the tribe of Levi and came from the island of Cyprus.

37He sold a field he owned and brought the money to the apostles.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Acts 4.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Peter and John imprisoned. (1–4). The apostles boldly testify to Christ. (5–14). Peter and John refuse to be silenced. (15–22). The believers unite in prayer and praise. (23–31). The holy charity of the Christians. (32–37).

vv1-4

The apostles preached through Jesus the resurrection from the dead. It includes all the happiness of the future state; this they preached through Jesus Christ, to be had through him only. Miserable is their case, to whom the glory of Christ's kingdom is a grief; for since the glory of that kingdom is everlasting, their grief will be everlasting also. The harmless and useful servants of Christ, like the apostles, have often been troubled for their work of faith and labour of love, when wicked men have escaped. And to this day instances are not wanting, in which reading the Scriptures, social prayer, and religious conversation meet with frowns and checks. But if we obey the precepts of Christ, he will support us.

vv5-14

Peter being filled with the Holy Ghost, would have all to understand, that the miracle had been wrought by the name, or power, of Jesus of Nazareth, the Messiah, whom they had crucified; and this confirmed their testimony to his resurrection from the dead, which proved him to be the Messiah. These rulers must either be saved by that Jesus whom they had crucified, or they must perish for ever. The name of Jesus is given to men of every age and nation, as that whereby alone believers are saved from the wrath to come. But when covetousness, pride, or any corrupt passion, rules within, men shut their eyes, and close their hearts, in enmity against the light; considering all as ignorant and unlearned, who desire to know nothing in comparison with Christ crucified. And the followers of Christ should act so that all who converse with them, may take knowledge that they have been with Jesus. That makes them holy, heavenly, spiritual, and cheerful, and raises them above this world.

vv15-22

All the care of the rulers is, that the doctrine of Christ spread not among the people, yet they cannot say it is false or dangerous, or of any ill tendency; and they are ashamed to own the true reason; that it testifies against their hypocrisy, wickedness, and tyranny. Those who know how to put a just value upon Christ's promises, know how to put just contempt upon the world's threatenings. The apostles look with concern on perishing souls, and know they cannot escape eternal ruin but by Jesus Christ, therefore they are faithful in warning, and showing the right way. None will enjoy peace of mind, nor act uprightly, till they have learned to guide their conduct by the fixed standard of truth, and not by the shifting opinions and fancies of men. Especially beware of a vain attempt to serve two masters, God and the world; the end will be, you can serve neither fully.

Key Words

AndG1161Greek

δέ (dé): but, and, etc.

theyG846Greek

αὐτός (autós): the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

speakingG2980Greek

λαλέω (laléō): to talk, i.e. utter words

toG4314Greek

πρός (prós): a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e. toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e. pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of, i.e. near to; usually with the accusative case, the place, time, occasion, or respect, which is the destination of the relation, i.e. whither or for which it is predicated)

peopleG2992Greek

λαός (laós): a people (in general; thus differing from G1218 (δῆμος), which denotes one's own populace)

priestsG2409Greek

ἱερεύς (hiereús): a priest (literally or figuratively)

andG2532Greek

καί (kaí): and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

captainG4755Greek

στρατηγός (stratēgós): a general, i.e. (by implication or analogy) a (military) governor (prætor), the chief (præfect) of the (Levitical) temple-wardens

templeG2411Greek

ἱερόν (hierón): a sacred place, i.e. the entire precincts (whereas G3485 (ναός) denotes the central sanctuary itself) of the Temple (at Jerusalem or elsewhere)

SadduceesG4523Greek

Σαδδουκαῖος (Saddoukaîos): a Sadducæan (i.e. Tsadokian), or follower of a certain heretical Israelite

Cross References

Acts 4
v11Psalms 118:22quotation

Explicitly quoted by Peter to show Christ as the rejected stone made the head of the corner.

Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin, JFB

v25Psalms 2:1-4quotation

Directly quoted by the early church in prayer to interpret the conspiracy against Jesus.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v6Luke 3:2thematic

Identifies Annas and Caiaphas, confirming historical continuity and their roles in trying Jesus and apostles.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v42 Timothy 2:9thematic

Illustrates that though the ministers of God are imprisoned, the Word of God is not bound.

Supported by John Calvin

v8Luke 21:15fulfillment

Direct fulfillment of Jesus' promise that the Spirit would give them irresistible speech before rulers.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v10Acts 2:23thematic

Repeats the core apostolic kerygma: you crucified Jesus, but God raised Him from the dead.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v10Acts 5:29-32thematic

Parallel defense before the Sanhedrim, reaffirming obedience to God over men and Christ's resurrection.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v32Acts 2:44-46thematic

Parallels the description of radical unity and shared property in the early Jerusalem community.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v6John 18:13thematic

Traces Annas' role in the condemnation of Christ, mirroring his involvement in prosecuting the apostles.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v10Acts 3:6thematic

Peter specifies the 'name of Jesus Christ' as the exact source of the lame man's healing.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v12John 14:6thematic

Undergirds Peter's exclusive claim that there is salvation in no other name but Jesus.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v28Acts 3:18thematic

Verifies that the sufferings of Christ fulfilled what God's hand and counsel predetermined.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Parallels the Sanhedrim's shock that God used 'unlearned and ignorant' men to confound the wise.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v19Daniel 3:18thematic

Classic historical precedent of refusing to obey civil authorities when they command disobedience to God.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v36Acts 11:22-25thematic

Provides historical background on Barnabas, who is introduced here by name and character.

Supported by Matthew Henry