Judges 4NLT
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Judges4

New Living Translation

1After Ehud’s death, the Israelites again did evil in the Lord’s sight.

2So the Lord turned them over to King Jabin of Hazor, a Canaanite king. The commander of his army was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth-haggoyim.

3Sisera, who had 900 iron chariots, ruthlessly oppressed the Israelites for twenty years. Then the people of Israel cried out to the Lord for help.

4Deborah, the wife of Lappidoth, was a prophet who was judging Israel at that time.

5She would sit under the Palm of Deborah, between Ramah and Bethel in the hill country of Ephraim, and the Israelites would go to her for judgment.

6One day she sent for Barak son of Abinoam, who lived in Kedesh in the land of Naphtali. She said to him, “This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, commands you: Call out 10,000 warriors from the tribes of Naphtali and Zebulun at Mount Tabor.

7And I will call out Sisera, commander of Jabin’s army, along with his chariots and warriors, to the Kishon River. There I will give you victory over him.”

8Barak told her, “I will go, but only if you go with me.”

9“Very well,” she replied, “I will go with you. But you will receive no honor in this venture, for the Lord’s victory over Sisera will be at the hands of a woman.” So Deborah went with Barak to Kedesh.

10At Kedesh, Barak called together the tribes of Zebulun and Naphtali, and 10,000 warriors went up with him. Deborah also went with him.

11Now Heber the Kenite, a descendant of Moses’ brother-in-law Hobab, had moved away from the other members of his tribe and pitched his tent by the oak of Zaanannim near Kedesh.

12When Sisera was told that Barak son of Abinoam had gone up to Mount Tabor,

13he called for all 900 of his iron chariots and all of his warriors, and they marched from Harosheth-haggoyim to the Kishon River.

14Then Deborah said to Barak, “Get ready! This is the day the Lord will give you victory over Sisera, for the Lord is marching ahead of you.” So Barak led his 10,000 warriors down the slopes of Mount Tabor into battle.

15When Barak attacked, the Lord threw Sisera and all his chariots and warriors into a panic. Sisera leaped down from his chariot and escaped on foot.

16Then Barak chased the chariots and the enemy army all the way to Harosheth-haggoyim, killing all of Sisera’s warriors. Not a single one was left alive.

17Meanwhile, Sisera ran to the tent of Jael, the wife of Heber the Kenite, because Heber’s family was on friendly terms with King Jabin of Hazor.

18Jael went out to meet Sisera and said to him, “Come into my tent, sir. Come in. Don’t be afraid.” So he went into her tent, and she covered him with a blanket.

19“Please give me some water,” he said. “I’m thirsty.” So she gave him some milk from a leather bag and covered him again.

20“Stand at the door of the tent,” he told her. “If anybody comes and asks you if there is anyone here, say no.”

21But when Sisera fell asleep from exhaustion, Jael quietly crept up to him with a hammer and tent peg in her hand. Then she drove the tent peg through his temple and into the ground, and so he died.

22When Barak came looking for Sisera, Jael went out to meet him. She said, “Come, and I will show you the man you are looking for.” So he followed her into the tent and found Sisera lying there dead, with the tent peg through his temple.

23So on that day Israel saw God defeat Jabin, the Canaanite king.

24And from that time on Israel became stronger and stronger against King Jabin until they finally destroyed him.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Judges 4.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Israel again revolts, and is oppressed by Jabin. (1–3). Deborah concerts their deliverance with Barak. (4–9). Sisera defeated. (10–16). Sisera put to death by Jael. (17–24).

vv1-3

The land had rest for eighty years, which should have confirmed them in their religion; but it made them secure, and indulge their lusts. Thus the prosperity of fools destroys them. Jabin and his general Sisera, mightily oppressed Israel. This enemy was nearer than any of the former. Israel cried unto the Lord, when distress drove them to him, and they saw no other way of relief. Those who slight God in prosperity, will find themselves under a necessity of seeking him in trouble.

vv4-9

Deborah was a prophetess; one instructed in Divine knowledge by the inspiration of the Spirit of God. She judged Israel as God's mouth to them; correcting abuses, and redressing grievances. By God's direction, she ordered Barak to raise an army, and engage Jabin's forces. Barak insisted much upon her presence. Deborah promised to go with him. She would not send him where she would not go herself. Those who in God's name call others to their duty, should be ready to assist them in it. Barak values the satisfaction of his mind, and the good success of his enterprise, more than mere honour.

vv10-16

Siser's confidence was chiefly in his chariots. But if we have ground to hope that God goes before us, we may go on with courage and cheerfulness. Be not dismayed at the difficulties thou meetest with in resisting Satan, in serving God, or suffering for him; for is not the Lord gone before thee? Follow him then fully. Barak went down, though upon the plain the iron chariots would have advantage against him: he quitted the mountain in dependence on the Divine power; for in the Lord alone is the salvation of his people, Jer 3:23. He was not deceived in his confidence. When God goes before us in our spiritual conflicts, we must bestir ourselves; and when, by his grace, he gives us some success against the enemies of our souls, we must improve it by watchfulness and resolution.

Cross References

Judges 4
v9Judges 5:24-27thematic

The poetic celebration of Sisera's death by the hand of Jael, fulfilling Deborah's prophecy.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v2Joshua 11:1thematic

An earlier Jabin king of Hazor was defeated by Joshua, who then burned Hazor.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v6Hebrews 11:32allusion

Barak is listed in the New Testament Hall of Faith for his victory over Jabin's army.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v2Psalms 83:9thematic

The psalmist prays for God to do to enemies as He did to Sisera and Jabin.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v7Judges 5:21thematic

Deborah's song celebrates the river Kishon sweeping away the defeated hosts of Sisera.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v11Judges 1:16thematic

Establishes the background of the Kenites, descendants of Moses' father-in-law.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v15Judges 5:20allusion

Deborah's song reveals a supernatural panic as 'the stars in their courses fought against Sisera.'

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v19Judges 5:25thematic

Deborah's song describes Sisera asking for water and Jael giving him milk in a lordly dish.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v21 Samuel 12:9thematic

Samuel's sermon recalls how God sold Israel into the hand of Sisera for forgetting Him.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v42 Kings 22:14thematic

Huldah the prophetess, like Deborah, was a female leader consulted for divine judgment in Israel.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v4Exodus 15:20thematic

Miriam the prophetess provides an earlier precedent for women designated with prophetic leadership roles.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v142 Samuel 5:24thematic

Parallels the concept of the Lord 'going out before' His army to guarantee victory.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v9Judges 9:54thematic

Parallels the ancient view that dying at the hand of a woman was a dishonor.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v11Numbers 10:29thematic

Identifies Hobab, the relative of Moses, as the ancestor of Heber the Kenite.

Supported by Matthew Poole

God uses the weak things of the world (a woman with a tent nail) to confound the mighty.

Supported by Matthew Henry