2 Kings 13WEB
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2 Kings13

World English Bible · Public Domain

1In the twenty-third year of Joash the son of Ahaziah, king of Judah, Jehoahaz the son of Jehu began to reign over Israel in Samaria for seventeen years.

2He did that which was evil in Yahweh’s sight, and followed the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, with which he made Israel to sin. He didn’t depart from it.

3Yahweh’s anger burned against Israel, and he delivered them into the hand of Hazael king of Syria, and into the hand of Benhadad the son of Hazael, continually.

4Jehoahaz begged Yahweh, and Yahweh listened to him; for he saw the oppression of Israel, how the king of Syria oppressed them.

5(Yahweh gave Israel a savior, so that they went out from under the hand of the Syrians; and the children of Israel lived in their tents as before.

6Nevertheless they didn’t depart from the sins of the house of Jeroboam, with which he made Israel to sin, but walked in them; and the Asherah also remained in Samaria.)

7For he didn’t leave to Jehoahaz of the people any more than fifty horsemen, and ten chariots, and ten thousand footmen; for the king of Syria destroyed them and made them like the dust in threshing.

8Now the rest of the acts of Jehoahaz, and all that he did, and his might, aren’t they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?

9Jehoahaz slept with his fathers; and they buried him in Samaria; and Joash his son reigned in his place.

10In the thirty-seventh year of Joash king of Judah, Jehoash the son of Jehoahaz began to reign over Israel in Samaria for sixteen years.

11He did that which was evil in Yahweh’s sight. He didn’t depart from all the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, with which he made Israel to sin; but he walked in them.

12Now the rest of the acts of Joash, and all that he did, and his might with which he fought against Amaziah king of Judah, aren’t they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?

13Joash slept with his fathers; and Jeroboam sat on his throne. Joash was buried in Samaria with the kings of Israel.

14Now Elisha became sick with the illness of which he died; and Joash the king of Israel came down to him, and wept over him, and said, “My father, my father, the chariots of Israel and its horsemen!”

15Elisha said to him, “Take bow and arrows;” and he took bow and arrows for himself.

16He said to the king of Israel, “Put your hand on the bow;” and he put his hand on it. Elisha laid his hands on the king’s hands.

17He said, “Open the window eastward;” and he opened it. Then Elisha said, “Shoot!” and he shot. He said, “Yahweh’s arrow of victory, even the arrow of victory over Syria; for you will strike the Syrians in Aphek until you have consumed them.”

18He said, “Take the arrows;” and he took them. He said to the king of Israel, “Strike the ground;” and he struck three times, and stopped.

19The man of God was angry with him, and said, “You should have struck five or six times. Then you would have struck Syria until you had consumed it, but now you will strike Syria just three times.”

20Elisha died, and they buried him. Now the bands of the Moabites invaded the land at the coming in of the year.

21As they were burying a man, behold, they saw a band of raiders; and they threw the man into Elisha’s tomb. As soon as the man touched Elisha’s bones, he revived, and stood up on his feet.

22Hazael king of Syria oppressed Israel all the days of Jehoahaz.

23But Yahweh was gracious to them, and had compassion on them, and favored them because of his covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and would not destroy them and he didn’t cast them from his presence as yet.

24Hazael king of Syria died; and Benhadad his son reigned in his place.

25Jehoash the son of Jehoahaz took again out of the hand of Benhadad the son of Hazael the cities which he had taken out of the hand of Jehoahaz his father by war. Joash struck him three times, and recovered the cities of Israel.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Kings 13.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Reign of Jehoahaz. (1–9). Jehoash, king of Israel, Elisha dying. (10–19). Elisha's death, The victories of Jehoash. (20–25).

vv1-9

It was the ancient honour of Israel that they were a praying people. Jehoahaz, their king, in his distress, besought the Lord; applied himself for help, but not to the calves; what help could they give him? He sought the Lord. See how swift God is to show mercy; how ready to hear prayer; how willing to find a reason to be gracious; else he would not look so far back as the ancient covenant Israel had so often broken, and forfeited. Let this invite and engage us for ever to him; and encourage even those who have forsaken him, to return and repent; for there is forgiveness with him, that he may be feared. And if the Lord answer the mere cry of distress for temporal relief, much more will he regard the prayer of faith for spiritual blessings.

vv10-19

Jehoash, the king, came to Elisha, to receive his dying counsel and blessing. It may turn much to our spiritual advantage, to attend the sick-beds and death-beds of good men, that we may be encouraged in religion by the living comforts they have from it in a dying hour. Elisha assured the king of his success; yet he must look up to God for direction and strength; must reckon his own hands not enough, but go on, in dependence upon Divine aid. The trembling hands of the dying prophet, as they signified the power of God, gave this arrow more force than the hands of the king in his full strength. By contemning the sign, the king lost the thing signified, to the grief of the dying prophet. It is a trouble to good men, to see those to whom they wish well, forsake their own mercies, and to see them lose advantages against spiritual enemies.

vv20-25

God has many ways to chastise a provoking people. Trouble comes sometimes from that point whence we least feared it. The mention of this invasion on the death of Elisha, shows that the removal of God's faithful prophets is a presage of coming judgments. His dead body was a means of giving life to another dead body. This miracle was a confirmation of his prophecies. And it may have reference to Christ, by whose death and burial, the grave is made a safe and happy passage to life to all believers. Jehoash was successful against the Syrians, just as often as he had struck the ground with the arrows, then a stop was put to his victories. Many have repented, when too late, of distrusts and the straitness of their desires.

Cross References

2 Kings 13
v142 Kings 2:12allusion

King Joash laments Elisha's departure using the exact words Elisha spoke at Elijah's translation.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v52 Kings 14:25fulfillment

Identifies the 'saviour' given to Israel as Joash and Jeroboam II, who restored Israel's borders.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v7Amos 1:3thematic

Amos prophesies judgment on Damascus for this very act of threshing Gilead with iron instruments.

Supported by JFB

v23Genesis 17:7thematic

God spared Israel from total destruction due to His ancient, gracious covenant with Abraham.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v32 Kings 8:12fulfillment

Fulfills Elisha's weeping prophecy to Hazael regarding the brutal oppression he would inflict on Israel.

Supported by JFB

v61 Kings 16:33thematic

Identifies the grove remaining in Samaria as the Asherah pole originally set up by Ahab.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v122 Kings 14:15thematic

The summary of Joash's reign and his war against Amaziah of Judah is repeated here.

Supported by JFB

v252 Kings 13:25fulfillment

Records Joash beating Ben-hadad thrice and recovering the cities, fulfilling Elisha's deathbed arrow sign.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v7Isaiah 21:10thematic

Parallels the vivid, severe judgment metaphor of God's people being threshed like grain.

Supported by JFB

v182 Kings 4:3thematic

Incomplete obedience/faith limits blessing, just as the widow's oil stopped when jars ran out.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v212 Kings 4:35thematic

Resurrection power associated with Elisha, echoing his earlier restoration of the Shunammite's son.

Supported by Matthew Henry

God hears Israel's cry to prevent their enemies from blasphemously boasting in their triumph.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v6Deuteronomy 7:5thematic

Law demanding the complete destruction of pagan groves, which Israel dangerously disobeyed.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Details the specific 'sins of Jeroboam' (calf worship at Dan and Bethel) Jehoahaz followed.

Supported by JFB