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Luke2

World English Bible · Public Domain

1Now in those days, a decree went out from Caesar Augustus that all the world should be enrolled.

2This was the first enrollment made when Quirinius was governor of Syria.

3All went to enroll themselves, everyone to his own city.

4Joseph also went up from Galilee, out of the city of Nazareth, into Judea, to David’s city, which is called Bethlehem, because he was of the house and family of David,

5to enroll himself with Mary, who was pledged to be married to him as wife, being pregnant.

6While they were there, the day had come for her to give birth.

7She gave birth to her firstborn son. She wrapped him in bands of cloth and laid him in a feeding trough, because there was no room for them in the inn.

8There were shepherds in the same country staying in the field, and keeping watch by night over their flock.

9Behold, an angel of the Lord stood by them, and the glory of the Lord shone around them, and they were terrified.

10The angel said to them, “Don’t be afraid, for behold, I bring you good news of great joy which will be to all the people.

11For there is born to you today, in David’s city, a Savior, who is Christ the Lord.

12This is the sign to you: you will find a baby wrapped in strips of cloth, lying in a feeding trough.”

13Suddenly, there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly army praising God and saying,

14“Glory to God in the highest, on earth peace, good will toward men.”

15When the angels went away from them into the sky, the shepherds said to one another, “Let’s go to Bethlehem, now, and see this thing that has happened, which the Lord has made known to us.”

16They came with haste and found both Mary and Joseph, and the baby was lying in the feeding trough.

17When they saw it, they publicized widely the saying which was spoken to them about this child.

18All who heard it wondered at the things which were spoken to them by the shepherds.

19But Mary kept all these sayings, pondering them in her heart.

20The shepherds returned, glorifying and praising God for all the things that they had heard and seen, just as it was told them.

21When eight days were fulfilled for the circumcision of the child, his name was called Jesus, which was given by the angel before he was conceived in the womb.

22When the days of their purification according to the law of Moses were fulfilled, they brought him up to Jerusalem to present him to the Lord

23(as it is written in the law of the Lord, “Every male who opens the womb shall be called holy to the Lord”),

24and to offer a sacrifice according to that which is said in the law of the Lord, “A pair of turtledoves, or two young pigeons.”

25Behold, there was a man in Jerusalem whose name was Simeon. This man was righteous and devout, looking for the consolation of Israel, and the Holy Spirit was on him.

26It had been revealed to him by the Holy Spirit that he should not see death before he had seen the Lord’s Christ.

27He came in the Spirit into the temple. When the parents brought in the child, Jesus, that they might do concerning him according to the custom of the law,

28then he received him into his arms and blessed God, and said,

29“Now you are releasing your servant, Master, according to your word, in peace;

30for my eyes have seen your salvation,

31which you have prepared before the face of all peoples;

32a light for revelation to the nations, and the glory of your people Israel.”

33Joseph and his mother were marveling at the things which were spoken concerning him.

34Simeon blessed them, and said to Mary, his mother, “Behold, this child is appointed for the falling and the rising of many in Israel, and for a sign which is spoken against.

35Yes, a sword will pierce through your own soul, that the thoughts of many hearts may be revealed.”

36There was one Anna, a prophetess, the daughter of Phanuel, of the tribe of Asher (she was of a great age, having lived with a husband seven years from her virginity,

37and she had been a widow for about eighty-four years), who didn’t depart from the temple, worshiping with fastings and petitions night and day.

38Coming up at that very hour, she gave thanks to the Lord, and spoke of him to all those who were looking for redemption in Jerusalem.

39When they had accomplished all things that were according to the law of the Lord, they returned into Galilee, to their own city, Nazareth.

40The child was growing, and was becoming strong in spirit, being filled with wisdom, and the grace of God was upon him.

41His parents went every year to Jerusalem at the feast of the Passover.

42When he was twelve years old, they went up to Jerusalem according to the custom of the feast;

43and when they had fulfilled the days, as they were returning, the boy Jesus stayed behind in Jerusalem. Joseph and his mother didn’t know it,

44but supposing him to be in the company, they went a day’s journey; and they looked for him among their relatives and acquaintances.

45When they didn’t find him, they returned to Jerusalem, looking for him.

46After three days they found him in the temple, sitting in the middle of the teachers, both listening to them and asking them questions.

47All who heard him were amazed at his understanding and his answers.

48When they saw him, they were astonished; and his mother said to him, “Son, why have you treated us this way? Behold, your father and I were anxiously looking for you.”

49He said to them, “Why were you looking for me? Didn’t you know that I must be in my Father’s house?”

50They didn’t understand the saying which he spoke to them.

51And he went down with them and came to Nazareth. He was subject to them, and his mother kept all these sayings in her heart.

52And Jesus increased in wisdom and stature, and in favor with God and men.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Luke 2.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The birth of Christ. (1–7). It is made known to the shepherds. (8–20). Christ presented in the temple. (21–24). Simeon prophesies concerning Jesus. (25–35). Anna prophesies concerning him. (36–40). Christ with the learned men in the temple. (41–52).

vv1-7

The fulness of time was now come, when God would send forth his Son, made of a woman, and made under the law. The circumstances of his birth were very mean. Christ was born at an inn; he came into the world to sojourn here for awhile, as at an inn, and to teach us to do likewise. We are become by sin like an outcast infant, helpless and forlorn; and such a one was Christ. He well knew how unwilling we are to be meanly lodged, clothed, or fed; how we desire to have our children decorated and indulged; how apt the poor are to envy the rich, and how prone the rich to disdain the poor. But when we by faith view the Son of God being made man and lying in a manger, our vanity, ambition, and envy are checked. We cannot, with this object rightly before us, seek great things for ourselves or our children.

vv8-20

Angels were heralds of the new-born Saviour, but they were only sent to some poor, humble, pious, industrious shepherds, who were in the business of their calling, keeping watch over their flock. We are not out of the way of Divine visits, when we are employed in an honest calling, and abide with God in it. Let God have the honour of this work; Glory to God in the highest. God's good-will to men, manifested in sending the Messiah, redounds to his praise. Other works of God are for his glory, but the redemption of the world is for his glory in the highest. God's goodwill in sending the Messiah, brought peace into this lower world. Peace is here put for all that good which flows to us from Christ's taking our nature upon him. This is a faithful saying, attested by an innumerable company of angels, and well worthy of all acceptation, That the good-will of God toward men, is glory to God in the highest, and peace on the earth. The shepherds lost no time, but came with haste to the place. They were satisfied, and made known abroad concerning this child, that he was the Saviour, even Christ the Lord. Mary carefully observed and thought upon all these things, which were so suited to enliven her holy affections. We should be more delivered from errors in judgment and practice, did we more fully ponder these things in our hearts. It is still proclaimed in our ears that to us is born a Saviour, Christ the Lord. These should be glad tidings to all.

vv21-24

Our Lord Jesus was not born in sin, and did not need that mortification of a corrupt nature, or that renewal unto holiness, which were signified by circumcision. This ordinance was, in his case, a pledge of his future perfect obedience to the whole law, in the midst of sufferings and temptations, even unto death for us. At the end of forty days, Mary went up to the temple to offer the appointed sacrifices for her purification. Joseph also presented the holy child Jesus, because, as a first-born son, he was to be presented to the Lord, and redeemed according to the law. Let us present our children to the Lord who gave them to us, beseeching him to redeem them from sin and death, and make them holy to himself.

Cross References

Luke 2
v4Micah 5:2fulfillment

Prophetic prediction of Messiah's birth in Bethlehem, fulfilled via Augustus's decree.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v22Leviticus 12:2-6thematic

The Mosaic law prescribing the period and requirements for a mother's purification after childbirth.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v23Exodus 13:2quotation

The original law requiring every firstborn male to be consecrated to the Lord.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v24Leviticus 12:8quotation

The provision for poor families to offer turtledoves/pigeons instead of a lamb.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v32Isaiah 42:6fulfillment

Simeon's direct allusion to the Servant of the Lord being a light to the Gentiles.

Supported by John Calvin, JFB

v32Isaiah 49:6allusion

Simeon echoes the language of the Messiah bringing salvation and light to the Gentiles.

Supported by John Calvin, JFB

v2Acts 5:37thematic

Historical reference to the later census/taxing under Cyrenius that led to insurrection.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v41 Samuel 16:1thematic

Identifies Bethlehem as the city of David, where David was anointed king.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v5Matthew 1:18thematic

Parallel account of Mary being espoused to Joseph before they came together.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Theological significance of Christ's voluntary poverty at His incarnation.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v19Genesis 37:11thematic

Verbal parallel to Jacob keeping Joseph's dreams in mind/heart, as Mary did here.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v35John 19:25fulfillment

The fulfillment of Simeon's prophecy of a sword piercing Mary's soul at the cross.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v521 Samuel 2:26typology

Textual prototype of the child Samuel growing in favor with the Lord and men.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v371 Timothy 5:9thematic

Socio-religious parallel to the NT standard of honorable, dedicated widows serving the church.

Supported by John Calvin

v41Exodus 23:17thematic

The law requiring all Jewish males to appear before the Lord three times a year.

Supported by Matthew Poole