Genesis 37WEB
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Genesis37

World English Bible · Public Domain

1Jacob lived in the land of his father’s travels, in the land of Canaan.

2This is the history of the generations of Jacob. Joseph, being seventeen years old, was feeding the flock with his brothers. He was a boy with the sons of Bilhah and Zilpah, his father’s wives. Joseph brought an evil report of them to their father.

3Now Israel loved Joseph more than all his children, because he was the son of his old age, and he made him a tunic of many colors.

4His brothers saw that their father loved him more than all his brothers, and they hated him, and couldn’t speak peaceably to him.

5Joseph dreamed a dream, and he told it to his brothers, and they hated him all the more.

6He said to them, “Please hear this dream which I have dreamed:

7for behold, we were binding sheaves in the field, and behold, my sheaf arose and also stood upright; and behold, your sheaves came around, and bowed down to my sheaf.”

8His brothers asked him, “Will you indeed reign over us? Will you indeed have dominion over us?” They hated him all the more for his dreams and for his words.

9He dreamed yet another dream, and told it to his brothers, and said, “Behold, I have dreamed yet another dream: and behold, the sun and the moon and eleven stars bowed down to me.”

10He told it to his father and to his brothers. His father rebuked him, and said to him, “What is this dream that you have dreamed? Will I and your mother and your brothers indeed come to bow ourselves down to the earth before you?”

11His brothers envied him, but his father kept this saying in mind.

12His brothers went to feed their father’s flock in Shechem.

13Israel said to Joseph, “Aren’t your brothers feeding the flock in Shechem? Come, and I will send you to them.” He said to him, “Here I am.”

14He said to him, “Go now, see whether it is well with your brothers, and well with the flock; and bring me word again.” So he sent him out of the valley of Hebron, and he came to Shechem.

15A certain man found him, and behold, he was wandering in the field. The man asked him, “What are you looking for?”

16He said, “I am looking for my brothers. Tell me, please, where they are feeding the flock.”

17The man said, “They have left here, for I heard them say, ‘Let’s go to Dothan.’” Joseph went after his brothers, and found them in Dothan.

18They saw him afar off, and before he came near to them, they conspired against him to kill him.

19They said to one another, “Behold, this dreamer comes.

20Come now therefore, and let’s kill him, and cast him into one of the pits, and we will say, ‘An evil animal has devoured him.’ We will see what will become of his dreams.”

21Reuben heard it, and delivered him out of their hand, and said, “Let’s not take his life.”

22Reuben said to them, “Shed no blood. Throw him into this pit that is in the wilderness, but lay no hand on him”—that he might deliver him out of their hand, to restore him to his father.

23When Joseph came to his brothers, they stripped Joseph of his tunic, the tunic of many colors that was on him;

24and they took him, and threw him into the pit. The pit was empty. There was no water in it.

25They sat down to eat bread, and they lifted up their eyes and looked, and saw a caravan of Ishmaelites coming from Gilead, with their camels bearing spices and balm and myrrh, going to carry it down to Egypt.

26Judah said to his brothers, “What profit is it if we kill our brother and conceal his blood?

27Come, and let’s sell him to the Ishmaelites, and not let our hand be on him; for he is our brother, our flesh.” His brothers listened to him.

28Midianites who were merchants passed by, and they drew and lifted up Joseph out of the pit, and sold Joseph to the Ishmaelites for twenty pieces of silver. The merchants brought Joseph into Egypt.

29Reuben returned to the pit, and saw that Joseph wasn’t in the pit; and he tore his clothes.

30He returned to his brothers, and said, “The child is no more; and I, where will I go?”

31They took Joseph’s tunic, and killed a male goat, and dipped the tunic in the blood.

32They took the tunic of many colors, and they brought it to their father, and said, “We have found this. Examine it, now, and see if it is your son’s tunic or not.”

33He recognized it, and said, “It is my son’s tunic. An evil animal has devoured him. Joseph is without doubt torn in pieces.”

34Jacob tore his clothes, and put sackcloth on his waist, and mourned for his son many days.

35All his sons and all his daughters rose up to comfort him, but he refused to be comforted. He said, “For I will go down to Sheol to my son, mourning.” His father wept for him.

36The Midianites sold him into Egypt to Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh’s, the captain of the guard.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Genesis 37.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Joseph is loved of Jacob, but hated by his brethren. (1–4). Joseph's dreams. (5–11). Jacob sends Joseph to visit his brethren, They conspire his death. (12–22). Joseph's brethren sell him. (23–10). Jacob deceived, Joseph sold to Potiphar. (31–36).

vv1-4

In Joseph's history we see something of Christ, who was first humbled and then exalted. It also shows the lot of Christians, who must through many tribulations enter into the kingdom. It is a history that has none like it, for displaying the various workings of the human mind, both good and bad, and the singular providence of God in making use of them for fulfilling his purposes. Though Joseph was his father's darling, yet he was not bred up in idleness. Those do not truly love their children, who do not use them to business, and labour, and hardships. The fondling of children is with good reason called the spoiling of them. Those who are trained up to do nothing, are likely to be good for nothing. But Jacob made known his love, by dressing Joseph finer than the rest of his children. It is wrong for parents to make a difference between one child and another, unless there is great cause for it, by the children's dutifulness, or undutifulness. When parents make a difference, children soon notice it, and it leads to quarrels in families. Jacob's sons did that, when they were from under his eye, which they durst not have done at home with him; but Joseph gave his father an account of their ill conduct, that he might restrain them. Not as a tale-bearer, to sow discord, but as a faithful brother.

vv5-11

God gave Joseph betimes the prospect of his advancement, to support and comfort him under his long and grievous troubles. Observe, Joseph dreamed of his preferment, but he did not dream of his imprisonment. Thus many young people, when setting out in the world, think of nothing but prosperity and pleasure, and never dream of trouble. His brethren rightly interpreted the dream, though they abhorred the interpretation of it. While they committed crimes in order to defeat it, they were themselves the instruments of accomplishing it. Thus the Jews understood what Christ said of his kingdom. Determined that he should not reign over them, they consulted to put him to death; and by his crucifixion, made way for the exaltation they designed to prevent.

vv12-22

How readily does Joseph wait his father's orders! Those children who are best beloved by their parents, should be the most ready to obey them. See how deliberate Joseph's brethren were against him. They thought to slay him from malice aforethought, and in cold blood. Whosoever hateth his brother is a murderer, 1Jo 3:15. The sons of Jacob hated their brother because their father loved him. New occasions, as his dreams and the like, drew them on further; but this laid rankling in their hearts, till they resolved on his death. God has all hearts in his hands. Reuben had most reason to be jealous of Joseph, for he was the first-born; yet he proves his best friend. God overruled all to serve his own purpose, of making Joseph an instrument to save much people alive. Joseph was a type of Christ; for though he was the beloved Son of his Father, and hated by a wicked world, yet the Father sent him out of his bosom to visit us in great humility and love. He came from heaven to earth to seek and save us; yet then malicious plots were laid against him. His own not only received him not, but crucified him. This he submitted to, as a part of his design to redeem and save us.

Cross References

Genesis 37
v4Acts 7:9allusion

Stephen's speech explicitly summarizes the envy of Joseph's brethren and his selling into Egypt.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v7Genesis 42:6fulfillment

Direct historical fulfillment of Joseph's dream when his brothers bow before him in Egypt.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v21Genesis 42:22thematic

Reuben later reminds his brothers of his plea not to sin against the child.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v1Hebrews 11:9-16thematic

Explains Jacob dwelling as a stranger/sojourner in Canaan, living by faith like Isaac and Abraham.

Supported by JFB

v9Genesis 41:32thematic

The doubling of dreams (sheaves and stars) establishes that the matter is determined by God.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v18Matthew 21:38typology

Typological parallel to Christ: 'This is the heir; come, let us kill him.'

Supported by Matthew Henry

v25Amos 6:6thematic

The brothers eat bread while Joseph is in the pit, demonstrating apathy toward his affliction.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v28Acts 7:9thematic

Stephen recounts that the patriarchs, moved with envy, sold Joseph into Egypt.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v28Psalms 105:17thematic

God's sovereignty in sending Joseph ahead as a slave to preserve his family.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v32 Samuel 13:18thematic

Illustrates the 'coat of many colors' as a garment of royal distinction worn by virgin princesses.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v7Genesis 49:8thematic

Jacob's prophecy that Judah's brothers would bow down to him, contrasting or supplementing Joseph's dream.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v18Psalms 76:10thematic

God overrules their murderous plot, showing how the wrath of man shall praise Him.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v23Genesis 42:21thematic

The brothers later recall Joseph's anguish of soul when he pleaded with them.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v26Psalms 76:10thematic

God overrules the wrath of Joseph's brothers to accomplish His ultimate purposes.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v28Matthew 26:15typology

Joseph sold by Judah/Judas for pieces of silver, typifying Christ's betrayal.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v33Genesis 44:28thematic

Jacob later restates his belief that Joseph was torn to pieces.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v35Genesis 42:38thematic

Jacob's deep grief and refusal to be comforted, fearing he will go down to Sheol.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v2Genesis 6:9thematic

Illustrates the use of 'generations' (toledot) to mean the history/occurrences of a family.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v11Luke 2:51thematic

Like Mary, Jacob 'kept' or 'observed' these sayings in his heart, recognizing divine revelation.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Parallel where David is sent by his father to visit his brothers, facing their anger.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v13Luke 20:13typology

Parallel to the Parable of the Vineyard: 'I will send my beloved son.'

Supported by Matthew Henry

v20Genesis 37:33fulfillment

The lie told to Jacob in verse 20 is fully realized and believed in verse 33.

Supported by John Calvin

v25Genesis 43:11thematic

The very spices the Ishmaelites carried are later sent by Jacob to Egypt.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v28Genesis 40:15thematic

Joseph's own testimony that he was stolen away from the land of the Hebrews.

v30Jeremiah 31:15thematic

'The child is not' echoed in Rachel's weeping for her children because they are not.

v32Genesis 38:25contrast

Judah is later confronted with 'discern whose are these' just as they mocked Jacob.

Supported by John Calvin

v11Proverbs 27:4thematic

Perfect proverb matching the brothers' reaction: 'who is able to stand before envy?'

Supported by Matthew Henry

v25Esther 3:15thematic

Sitting down to eat after a cruel conspiracy matches Haman and the king's indifference.

v27Genesis 29:14thematic

Judah uses the phrase 'our brother and our flesh' denoting covenant family bonds.