Genesis 41WEB
Books
All books

Genesis41

World English Bible · Public Domain

1At the end of two full years, Pharaoh dreamed, and behold, he stood by the river.

2Behold, seven cattle came up out of the river. They were sleek and fat, and they fed in the marsh grass.

3Behold, seven other cattle came up after them out of the river, ugly and thin, and stood by the other cattle on the brink of the river.

4The ugly and thin cattle ate up the seven sleek and fat cattle. So Pharaoh awoke.

5He slept and dreamed a second time; and behold, seven heads of grain came up on one stalk, healthy and good.

6Behold, seven heads of grain, thin and blasted with the east wind, sprung up after them.

7The thin heads of grain swallowed up the seven healthy and full ears. Pharaoh awoke, and behold, it was a dream.

8In the morning, his spirit was troubled, and he sent and called for all of Egypt’s magicians and wise men. Pharaoh told them his dreams, but there was no one who could interpret them to Pharaoh.

9Then the chief cup bearer spoke to Pharaoh, saying, “I remember my faults today.

10Pharaoh was angry with his servants, and put me in custody in the house of the captain of the guard, with the chief baker.

11We dreamed a dream in one night, he and I. Each man dreamed according to the interpretation of his dream.

12There was with us there a young man, a Hebrew, servant to the captain of the guard, and we told him, and he interpreted to us our dreams. He interpreted to each man according to his dream.

13As he interpreted to us, so it was. He restored me to my office, and he hanged him.”

14Then Pharaoh sent and called Joseph, and they brought him hastily out of the dungeon. He shaved himself, changed his clothing, and came in to Pharaoh.

15Pharaoh said to Joseph, “I have dreamed a dream, and there is no one who can interpret it. I have heard it said of you, that when you hear a dream you can interpret it.”

16Joseph answered Pharaoh, saying, “It isn’t in me. God will give Pharaoh an answer of peace.”

17Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, “In my dream, behold, I stood on the brink of the river;

18and behold, seven fat and sleek cattle came up out of the river. They fed in the marsh grass;

19and behold, seven other cattle came up after them, poor and very ugly and thin, such as I never saw in all the land of Egypt for ugliness.

20The thin and ugly cattle ate up the first seven fat cattle;

21and when they had eaten them up, it couldn’t be known that they had eaten them, but they were still ugly, as at the beginning. So I awoke.

22I saw in my dream, and behold, seven heads of grain came up on one stalk, full and good;

23and behold, seven heads of grain, withered, thin, and blasted with the east wind, sprung up after them.

24The thin heads of grain swallowed up the seven good heads of grain. I told it to the magicians, but there was no one who could explain it to me.”

25Joseph said to Pharaoh, “The dream of Pharaoh is one. What God is about to do he has declared to Pharaoh.

26The seven good cattle are seven years; and the seven good heads of grain are seven years. The dream is one.

27The seven thin and ugly cattle that came up after them are seven years, and also the seven empty heads of grain blasted with the east wind; they will be seven years of famine.

28That is the thing which I have spoken to Pharaoh. God has shown Pharaoh what he is about to do.

29Behold, seven years of great plenty throughout all the land of Egypt are coming.

30Seven years of famine will arise after them, and all the plenty will be forgotten in the land of Egypt. The famine will consume the land,

31and the plenty will not be known in the land by reason of that famine which follows; for it will be very grievous.

32The dream was doubled to Pharaoh, because the thing is established by God, and God will shortly bring it to pass.

33“Now therefore let Pharaoh look for a discreet and wise man, and set him over the land of Egypt.

34Let Pharaoh do this, and let him appoint overseers over the land, and take up the fifth part of the land of Egypt’s produce in the seven plenteous years.

35Let them gather all the food of these good years that come, and store grain under the hand of Pharaoh for food in the cities, and let them keep it.

36The food will be to supply the land against the seven years of famine, which will be in the land of Egypt; so that the land will not perish through the famine.”

37The thing was good in the eyes of Pharaoh, and in the eyes of all his servants.

38Pharaoh said to his servants, “Can we find such a one as this, a man in whom is the Spirit of God?”

39Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Because God has shown you all of this, there is no one so discreet and wise as you.

40You shall be over my house. All my people will be ruled according to your word. Only in the throne I will be greater than you.”

41Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Behold, I have set you over all the land of Egypt.”

42Pharaoh took off his signet ring from his hand, and put it on Joseph’s hand, and arrayed him in robes of fine linen, and put a gold chain about his neck.

43He made him ride in the second chariot which he had. They cried before him, “Bow the knee!” He set him over all the land of Egypt.

44Pharaoh said to Joseph, “I am Pharaoh. Without you, no man shall lift up his hand or his foot in all the land of Egypt.”

45Pharaoh called Joseph’s name Zaphenath-Paneah. He gave him Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera priest of On as a wife. Joseph went out over the land of Egypt.

46Joseph was thirty years old when he stood before Pharaoh king of Egypt. Joseph went out from the presence of Pharaoh, and went throughout all the land of Egypt.

47In the seven plenteous years the earth produced abundantly.

48He gathered up all the food of the seven years which were in the land of Egypt, and laid up the food in the cities. He stored food in each city from the fields around that city.

49Joseph laid up grain as the sand of the sea, very much, until he stopped counting, for it was without number.

50To Joseph were born two sons before the year of famine came, whom Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera priest of On, bore to him.

51Joseph called the name of the firstborn Manasseh, “For”, he said, “God has made me forget all my toil, and all my father’s house.”

52The name of the second, he called Ephraim: “For God has made me fruitful in the land of my affliction.”

53The seven years of plenty, that were in the land of Egypt, came to an end.

54The seven years of famine began to come, just as Joseph had said. There was famine in all lands, but in all the land of Egypt there was bread.

55When all the land of Egypt was famished, the people cried to Pharaoh for bread, and Pharaoh said to all the Egyptians, “Go to Joseph. What he says to you, do.”

56The famine was over all the surface of the earth. Joseph opened all the store houses, and sold to the Egyptians. The famine was severe in the land of Egypt.

57All countries came into Egypt, to Joseph, to buy grain, because the famine was severe in all the earth.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Genesis 41.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Pharaoh's dreams. (1–8). Joseph interprets Pharaoh's dreams. (9–32). Joseph's counsel, He is highly advanced. (33–45). Joseph's children, The beginning of the famine. (46–57).

vv1-8

The means of Joseph's being freed from prison were Pharaoh's dreams, as here related. Now that God no longer speaks to us in that way, it is no matter how little we either heed dreams, or tell them. The telling of foolish dreams can make no better than foolish talk. But these dreams showed that they were sent of God; when he awoke, Pharaoh's spirit was troubled.

vv9-32

God's time for the enlargement of his people is the fittest time. If the chief butler had got Joseph to be released from prison, it is probable he would have gone back to the land of the Hebrews. Then he had neither been so blessed himself, nor such a blessing to his family, as afterwards he proved. Joseph, when introduced to Pharaoh, gives honour to God. Pharaoh had dreamed that he stood upon the bank of the river Nile, and saw the kine, both the fat ones, and the lean ones, come out of the river. Egypt has no rain, but the plenty of the year depends upon the overflowing of the river Nile. See how many ways Providence has of dispensing its gifts; yet our dependence is still the same upon the First Cause, who makes every creature what it is to us, be it rain or river. See to what changes the comforts of this life are subject. We cannot be sure that to-morrow shall be as this day, or next year as this. We must learn how to want, as well as how to abound. Mark the goodness of God in sending the seven years of plenty before those of famine, that provision might be made. The produce of the earth is sometimes more, and sometimes less; yet, take one with another, he that gathers much, has nothing over; and he that gathers little, has no lack, Ex 16:18. And see the perishing nature of our worldly enjoyments. The great harvests of the years of plenty were quite lost, and swallowed up in the years of famine; and that which seemed very much, yet did but just serve to keep the people alive. There is bread which lasts to eternal life, which it is worth while to labour for. They that make the things of this world their good things, will find little pleasure in remembering that they have received them.

vv33-45

Joseph gave good advice to Pharaoh. Fair warning should always be followed by good counsel. God has in his word told us of a day of trial before us, when we shall need all the grace we can have. Now, therefore, provide accordingly. Pharaoh gave Joseph an honourable testimony. He is a man in whom the spirit of God is; and such men ought to be valued. Pharaoh puts upon Joseph marks of honour. He gave him such a name as spoke the value he had for him, Zaphnath-paaneah, “a revealer of secrets.” This preferment of Joseph encourages all to trust in God. Some translate Joseph's new name, “the saviour of the world.” The brightest glories, even of the upper world, are put upon Christ, the highest trust lodged in his hand, and all power given him, both in heaven and earth.

Cross References

Genesis 41
v40Psalms 105:21fulfillment

Direct historical fulfillment of Joseph being made lord of Pharaoh's house and ruler of all his substance.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v55Psalms 105:20-22thematic

Pharaoh's command to go to Joseph matches the Psalmist's description of Joseph's ultimate authority over Egypt.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v8Daniel 2:1-3thematic

Nebuchadnezzar's troubled spirit and calling of magicians parallel Pharaoh's experience here.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v16Daniel 2:30thematic

Daniel, like Joseph, disclaims personal wisdom, attributing dream interpretation solely to God.

Supported by JFB

v16Genesis 40:8thematic

Establishes Joseph's consistent theological conviction that dream interpretations belong to God alone.

v25Daniel 2:28thematic

Parallels Joseph telling Pharaoh that God in heaven reveals what shall be in the latter days.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v42Esther 3:10thematic

The king taking off his signet ring to delegate supreme administrative authority to his chosen deputy.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v42Esther 8:2thematic

Another instance of transferring the royal signet ring to symbolize supreme authority over a kingdom.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v13Jeremiah 1:10thematic

Joseph is said to perform the actions because he prophetically declared them.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v13Genesis 40:20-22fulfillment

Confirms the precise historical fulfillment of Joseph's previous interpretations.

v14Psalms 105:20fulfillment

The king sent and loosed Joseph, marking his sudden release from prison.

Supported by JFB

v16Daniel 2:28thematic

Parallels Joseph's testimony that God in heaven is the revealer of secrets.

v25Amos 3:7thematic

Illustrates the principle that the Lord God does nothing without revealing His secret to His servants.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v30Psalms 105:16thematic

Scripture's commentary on this event, declaring God called for a famine and broke the staff of bread.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v37Acts 7:10thematic

Stephen's speech recalling God giving Joseph favor and wisdom in the sight of Pharaoh.

Supported by JFB

v43Esther 6:8-9thematic

Royal honor of riding in the king's chariot with heralds crying out before the exalted official.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v52Genesis 48:16-19thematic

Jacob blessing Joseph's sons, fulfilling the meaning of Ephraim being fruitful in affliction.

Supported by JFB

v54Psalms 105:16thematic

The divine calling of the famine upon the land that brought Jacob's sons to Joseph.

Supported by JFB

v6Ezekiel 17:10thematic

The destructive nature of the east wind, which dries up healthy vegetation.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v6Hosea 13:15thematic

An east wind from the wilderness drying up springs and spoiling fruitfulness.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v8Exodus 7:11thematic

The established class of Egyptian magicians whom Pharaoh summons in vain.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v142 Samuel 19:24contrast

Joseph shaving his beard to appear before Pharaoh contrasts Semitic customs.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v23Hosea 13:15thematic

Verbal echo of the east wind drying up springs and spoiling the fruit of the earth.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v32Acts 10:16thematic

Parallels the doubling of a vision (done thrice to Peter) to show a matter is established.

Supported by John Calvin

v32Genesis 37:9thematic

Refers back to Joseph's own doubled dreams, which similarly proved the certainty of God's purpose.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v38Daniel 5:11thematic

Similar heathen recognition of a Hebrew captive as having the Spirit of the holy gods.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v41Genesis 42:6thematic

Joseph's actual exercise of the authority given in 41:41 when his brothers come to buy corn.

Supported by JFB

v45Daniel 1:7thematic

A foreign king giving a Hebrew captive a new name signifying honor and change of status.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v46Luke 3:23typology

Joseph's age of thirty at his manifestation parallel's Jesus' age at the start of His ministry.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v49Genesis 22:17thematic

The proverbial 'sand of the sea' description for Joseph's massive grain gathering.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v25Genesis 40:12thematic

The dream hermeneutic of 'are' meaning 'represent' matches Joseph's previous interpretation.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v38Numbers 27:18thematic

Parallels the description of Joshua as 'a man in whom is the spirit' for leadership.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v39Daniel 2:48thematic

Parallels Daniel's promotion to ruler after interpreting the king's dream by divine wisdom.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v42Daniel 5:7thematic

The giving of a gold chain and special vestures as tokens of high royal office.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v52Hosea 13:15thematic

Wordplay on Ephraim being fruitful and the dry east wind that threatened the region.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v52Psalms 105:17thematic

Connects Joseph being sent ahead in affliction to being made fruitful and ruling Egypt.

Supported by JFB