Genesis 37NKJV
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Genesis37

New King James Version

1Now Jacob dwelt in the land where his father was a stranger, in the land of Canaan.

2This is the history of Jacob. Joseph, being seventeen years old, was feeding the flock with his brothers. And the lad was with the sons of Bilhah and the sons of Zilpah, his father’s wives; and Joseph brought a bad report of them to his father.

3Now Israel loved Joseph more than all his children, because he was the son of his old age. Also he made him a tunic of many colors.

4But when his brothers saw that their father loved him more than all his brothers, they hated him and could not speak peaceably to him.

5Now Joseph had a dream, and he told it to his brothers; and they hated him even more.

6So he said to them, “Please hear this dream which I have dreamed:

7There we were, binding sheaves in the field. Then behold, my sheaf arose and also stood upright; and indeed your sheaves stood all around and bowed down to my sheaf.”

8And his brothers said to him, “Shall you indeed reign over us? Or shall you indeed have dominion over us?” So they hated him even more for his dreams and for his words.

9Then he dreamed still another dream and told it to his brothers, and said, “Look, I have dreamed another dream. And this time, the sun, the moon, and the eleven stars bowed down to me.”

10So he told it to his father and his brothers; and his father rebuked him and said to him, “What is this dream that you have dreamed? Shall your mother and I and your brothers indeed come to bow down to the earth before you?”

11And his brothers envied him, but his father kept the matter in mind.

12Then his brothers went to feed their father’s flock in Shechem.

13And Israel said to Joseph, “Are not your brothers feeding the flock in Shechem? Come, I will send you to them.” So he said to him, “Here I am.”

14Then he said to him, “Please go and see if it is well with your brothers and well with the flocks, and bring back word to me.” So he sent him out of the Valley of Hebron, and he went to Shechem.

15Now a certain man found him, and there he was, wandering in the field. And the man asked him, saying, “What are you seeking?”

16So he said, “I am seeking my brothers. Please tell me where they are feeding their flocks.”

17And the man said, “They have departed from here, for I heard them say, ‘Let us go to Dothan.’ ” So Joseph went after his brothers and found them in Dothan.

18Now when they saw him afar off, even before he came near them, they conspired against him to kill him.

19Then they said to one another, “Look, this dreamer is coming!

20Come therefore, let us now kill him and cast him into some pit; and we shall say, ‘Some wild beast has devoured him.’ We shall see what will become of his dreams!”

21But Reuben heard it, and he delivered him out of their hands, and said, “Let us not kill him.”

22And Reuben said to them, “Shed no blood, but cast him into this pit which is in the wilderness, and do not lay a hand on him”—that he might deliver him out of their hands, and bring him back to his father.

23So it came to pass, when Joseph had come to his brothers, that they stripped Joseph of his tunic, the tunic of many colors that was on him.

24Then they took him and cast him into a pit. And the pit was empty; there was no water in it.

25And they sat down to eat a meal. Then they lifted their eyes and looked, and there was a company of Ishmaelites, coming from Gilead with their camels, bearing spices, balm, and myrrh, on their way to carry them down to Egypt.

26So Judah said to his brothers, “What profit is there if we kill our brother and conceal his blood?

27Come and let us sell him to the Ishmaelites, and let not our hand be upon him, for he is our brother and our flesh.” And his brothers listened.

28Then Midianite traders passed by; so the brothers pulled Joseph up and lifted him out of the pit, and sold him to the Ishmaelites for twenty shekels of silver. And they took Joseph to Egypt.

29Then Reuben returned to the pit, and indeed Joseph was not in the pit; and he tore his clothes.

30And he returned to his brothers and said, “The lad is no more; and I, where shall I go?”

31So they took Joseph’s tunic, killed a kid of the goats, and dipped the tunic in the blood.

32Then they sent the tunic of many colors, and they brought it to their father and said, “We have found this. Do you know whether it is your son’s tunic or not?”

33And he recognized it and said, “It is my son’s tunic. A wild beast has devoured him. Without doubt Joseph is torn to pieces.”

34Then Jacob tore his clothes, put sackcloth on his waist, and mourned for his son many days.

35And all his sons and all his daughters arose to comfort him; but he refused to be comforted, and he said, “For I shall go down into the grave to my son in mourning.” Thus his father wept for him.

36Now the Midianites had sold him in Egypt to Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh and captain of the guard.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Genesis 37.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Joseph is loved of Jacob, but hated by his brethren. (1–4). Joseph's dreams. (5–11). Jacob sends Joseph to visit his brethren, They conspire his death. (12–22). Joseph's brethren sell him. (23–10). Jacob deceived, Joseph sold to Potiphar. (31–36).

vv1-4

In Joseph's history we see something of Christ, who was first humbled and then exalted. It also shows the lot of Christians, who must through many tribulations enter into the kingdom. It is a history that has none like it, for displaying the various workings of the human mind, both good and bad, and the singular providence of God in making use of them for fulfilling his purposes. Though Joseph was his father's darling, yet he was not bred up in idleness. Those do not truly love their children, who do not use them to business, and labour, and hardships. The fondling of children is with good reason called the spoiling of them. Those who are trained up to do nothing, are likely to be good for nothing. But Jacob made known his love, by dressing Joseph finer than the rest of his children. It is wrong for parents to make a difference between one child and another, unless there is great cause for it, by the children's dutifulness, or undutifulness. When parents make a difference, children soon notice it, and it leads to quarrels in families. Jacob's sons did that, when they were from under his eye, which they durst not have done at home with him; but Joseph gave his father an account of their ill conduct, that he might restrain them. Not as a tale-bearer, to sow discord, but as a faithful brother.

vv5-11

God gave Joseph betimes the prospect of his advancement, to support and comfort him under his long and grievous troubles. Observe, Joseph dreamed of his preferment, but he did not dream of his imprisonment. Thus many young people, when setting out in the world, think of nothing but prosperity and pleasure, and never dream of trouble. His brethren rightly interpreted the dream, though they abhorred the interpretation of it. While they committed crimes in order to defeat it, they were themselves the instruments of accomplishing it. Thus the Jews understood what Christ said of his kingdom. Determined that he should not reign over them, they consulted to put him to death; and by his crucifixion, made way for the exaltation they designed to prevent.

vv12-22

How readily does Joseph wait his father's orders! Those children who are best beloved by their parents, should be the most ready to obey them. See how deliberate Joseph's brethren were against him. They thought to slay him from malice aforethought, and in cold blood. Whosoever hateth his brother is a murderer, 1Jo 3:15. The sons of Jacob hated their brother because their father loved him. New occasions, as his dreams and the like, drew them on further; but this laid rankling in their hearts, till they resolved on his death. God has all hearts in his hands. Reuben had most reason to be jealous of Joseph, for he was the first-born; yet he proves his best friend. God overruled all to serve his own purpose, of making Joseph an instrument to save much people alive. Joseph was a type of Christ; for though he was the beloved Son of his Father, and hated by a wicked world, yet the Father sent him out of his bosom to visit us in great humility and love. He came from heaven to earth to seek and save us; yet then malicious plots were laid against him. His own not only received him not, but crucified him. This he submitted to, as a part of his design to redeem and save us.

Cross References

Genesis 37
v4Acts 7:9allusion

Stephen's speech explicitly summarizes the envy of Joseph's brethren and his selling into Egypt.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v7Genesis 42:6fulfillment

Direct historical fulfillment of Joseph's dream when his brothers bow before him in Egypt.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v21Genesis 42:22thematic

Reuben later reminds his brothers of his plea not to sin against the child.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v1Hebrews 11:9-16thematic

Explains Jacob dwelling as a stranger/sojourner in Canaan, living by faith like Isaac and Abraham.

Supported by JFB

v9Genesis 41:32thematic

The doubling of dreams (sheaves and stars) establishes that the matter is determined by God.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v18Matthew 21:38typology

Typological parallel to Christ: 'This is the heir; come, let us kill him.'

Supported by Matthew Henry

v25Amos 6:6thematic

The brothers eat bread while Joseph is in the pit, demonstrating apathy toward his affliction.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v28Acts 7:9thematic

Stephen recounts that the patriarchs, moved with envy, sold Joseph into Egypt.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v28Psalms 105:17thematic

God's sovereignty in sending Joseph ahead as a slave to preserve his family.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v32 Samuel 13:18thematic

Illustrates the 'coat of many colors' as a garment of royal distinction worn by virgin princesses.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v7Genesis 49:8thematic

Jacob's prophecy that Judah's brothers would bow down to him, contrasting or supplementing Joseph's dream.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v18Psalms 76:10thematic

God overrules their murderous plot, showing how the wrath of man shall praise Him.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v23Genesis 42:21thematic

The brothers later recall Joseph's anguish of soul when he pleaded with them.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v26Psalms 76:10thematic

God overrules the wrath of Joseph's brothers to accomplish His ultimate purposes.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v28Matthew 26:15typology

Joseph sold by Judah/Judas for pieces of silver, typifying Christ's betrayal.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v33Genesis 44:28thematic

Jacob later restates his belief that Joseph was torn to pieces.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v35Genesis 42:38thematic

Jacob's deep grief and refusal to be comforted, fearing he will go down to Sheol.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v2Genesis 6:9thematic

Illustrates the use of 'generations' (toledot) to mean the history/occurrences of a family.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v11Luke 2:51thematic

Like Mary, Jacob 'kept' or 'observed' these sayings in his heart, recognizing divine revelation.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Parallel where David is sent by his father to visit his brothers, facing their anger.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v13Luke 20:13typology

Parallel to the Parable of the Vineyard: 'I will send my beloved son.'

Supported by Matthew Henry

v20Genesis 37:33fulfillment

The lie told to Jacob in verse 20 is fully realized and believed in verse 33.

Supported by John Calvin

v25Genesis 43:11thematic

The very spices the Ishmaelites carried are later sent by Jacob to Egypt.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v28Genesis 40:15thematic

Joseph's own testimony that he was stolen away from the land of the Hebrews.

v30Jeremiah 31:15thematic

'The child is not' echoed in Rachel's weeping for her children because they are not.

v32Genesis 38:25contrast

Judah is later confronted with 'discern whose are these' just as they mocked Jacob.

Supported by John Calvin

v11Proverbs 27:4thematic

Perfect proverb matching the brothers' reaction: 'who is able to stand before envy?'

Supported by Matthew Henry

v25Esther 3:15thematic

Sitting down to eat after a cruel conspiracy matches Haman and the king's indifference.

v27Genesis 29:14thematic

Judah uses the phrase 'our brother and our flesh' denoting covenant family bonds.