2 Chronicles 36KJV
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2 Chronicles36

King James Version · Public Domain

1Then the people of the land took Jehoahaz the son of Josiah, and made him king in his father's stead in Jerusalem.

2Jehoahaz was twenty and three years old when he began to reign, and he reigned three months in Jerusalem.

3And the king of Egypt put him down at Jerusalem, and condemned the land in an hundred talents of silver and a talent of gold.

4And the king of Egypt made Eliakim his brother king over Judah and Jerusalem, and turned his name to Jehoiakim. And Neco took Jehoahaz his brother, and carried him to Egypt.

5Jehoiakim was twenty and five years old when he began to reign, and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem: and he did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord his God.

6Against him came up Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and bound him in fetters, to carry him to Babylon.

7Nebuchadnezzar also carried of the vessels of the house of the Lord to Babylon, and put them in his temple at Babylon.

8Now the rest of the acts of Jehoiakim, and his abominations which he did, and that which was found in him, behold, they are written in the book of the kings of Israel and Judah: and Jehoiachin his son reigned in his stead.

9Jehoiachin was eight years old when he began to reign, and he reigned three months and ten days in Jerusalem: and he did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord.

10And when the year was expired, king Nebuchadnezzar sent, and brought him to Babylon, with the goodly vessels of the house of the Lord, and made Zedekiah his brother king over Judah and Jerusalem.

11Zedekiah was one and twenty years old when he began to reign, and reigned eleven years in Jerusalem.

12And he did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord his God, and humbled not himself before Jeremiah the prophet speaking from the mouth of the Lord.

13And he also rebelled against king Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God: but he stiffened his neck, and hardened his heart from turning unto the Lord God of Israel.

14Moreover all the chief of the priests, and the people, transgressed very much after all the abominations of the heathen; and polluted the house of the Lord which he had hallowed in Jerusalem.

15And the Lord God of their fathers sent to them by his messengers, rising up betimes, and sending; because he had compassion on his people, and on his dwelling place:

16But they mocked the messengers of God, and despised his words, and misused his prophets, until the wrath of the Lord arose against his people, till there was no remedy.

17Therefore he brought upon them the king of the Chaldeans, who slew their young men with the sword in the house of their sanctuary, and had no compassion upon young man or maiden, old man, or him that stooped for age: he gave them all into his hand.

18And all the vessels of the house of God, great and small, and the treasures of the house of the Lord, and the treasures of the king, and of his princes; all these he brought to Babylon.

19And they burnt the house of God, and brake down the wall of Jerusalem, and burnt all the palaces thereof with fire, and destroyed all the goodly vessels thereof.

20And them that had escaped from the sword carried he away to Babylon; where they were servants to him and his sons until the reign of the kingdom of Persia:

21To fulfil the word of the Lord by the mouth of Jeremiah, until the land had enjoyed her sabbaths: for as long as she lay desolate she kept sabbath, to fulfil threescore and ten years.

22Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the Lord spoken by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, the Lord stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and put it also in writing, saying,

23Thus saith Cyrus king of Persia, All the kingdoms of the earth hath the Lord God of heaven given me; and he hath charged me to build him an house in Jerusalem, which is in Judah. Who is there among you of all his people? The Lord his God be with him, and let him go up.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Chronicles 36.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The destruction of Jerusalem. (1–21). The proclamation of Cyrus. (22, 23).

vv1-21

The ruin of Judah and Jerusalem came on by degrees. The methods God takes to call back sinners by his word, by ministers, by conscience, by providences, are all instances of his compassion toward them, and his unwillingness that any should perish. See here what woful havoc sin makes, and, as we value the comfort and continuance of our earthly blessings, let us keep that worm from the root of them. They had many times ploughed and sowed their land in the seventh year, when it should have rested, and now it lay unploughed and unsown for ten times seven years. God will be no loser in his glory at last, by the disobedience of men. If they refused to let the land rest, God would make it rest. What place, O God, shall thy justice spare, if Jerusalem has perished? If that delight of thine were cut off for wickedness, let us not be high-minded, but fear.

vv22-23

God had promised the restoring of the captives, and the rebuilding of Jerusalem, at the end of seventy years; and that time to favour Zion, that set time, came at last. Though God's church be cast down, it is not cast off; though his people be corrected, they are not abandoned; though thrown into the furnace, they are not lost there, nor left there any longer than till the dross be separated. Though God contend long, he will not contend always. Before we close the books of the Chronicles, which contain a faithful register of events, think what desolation sin introduced into the world, nay, even into the church of God. Let us tremble at what is here recorded, while in the character of some few gracious souls, we discover that the Lord left not himself without witness. And when we have looked at this faithful portrait of man by nature, let us contrast with it that same nature, when recovered by Almighty grace, through the justifying and soul-adorning righteousness of Christ our Saviour.

Cross References

2 Chronicles 36
v22Ezra 1:1-11fulfillment

Direct textual continuity; Ezra 1 verbatim repeats the closing proclamation of Cyrus ending the exile.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v13Ezekiel 17:11-20thematic

Ezekiel's detailed prophetic indictment of Zedekiah's rebellion and oath-breaking perjury against Nebuchadnezzar.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v21Jeremiah 25:12fulfillment

Explicit fulfillment of Jeremiah's prophecy of seventy years of Babylonian servitude and desolation.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v21Leviticus 26:34fulfillment

Fulfillment of Moses' warning that the land would rest and enjoy its sabbaths during exile.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Parallel historical account of the reigns of Jehoahaz and Jehoiakim following Josiah's death.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Prophetic lamentation for Shallum (Jehoahaz), foretelling he would die in exile and never return.

Supported by JFB

Jeremiah's scathing character portrait and denunciation of Jehoiakim's oppressive, wicked reign.

Supported by JFB

v7Daniel 1:2thematic

Confirms Nebuchadnezzar carried the temple vessels to the house of his god in Babylon.

Supported by JFB

v112 Kings 24:18-20thematic

Parallel historical account of Zedekiah's wicked reign and his rebellion against Babylon.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v62 Kings 24:1thematic

Details Nebuchadnezzar's first invasion of Judah and Jehoiakim's three-year vassalage.

Supported by JFB

v12Jeremiah 38:19thematic

Shows Zedekiah's pride and fear of men, preventing his submission to Jeremiah's counsel.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Jeremiah's prophecy regarding the remaining temple vessels being carried to Babylon until Cyrus's visitation.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v192 Kings 25:9thematic

Parallel historical account of the burning of the temple and destruction of Jerusalem's walls.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v22Isaiah 44:28fulfillment

Isaiah's predictive prophecy naming Cyrus as God's shepherd who would rebuild Jerusalem.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Genealogical record identifying Shallum as the son of Josiah, equivalent to Jehoahaz.

Supported by JFB