Lamentations 2NIV
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Lamentations2

New International Version

1How the Lord has covered Daughter Zion with the cloud of his anger! He has hurled down the splendor of Israel from heaven to earth; he has not remembered his footstool in the day of his anger.

2Without pity the Lord has swallowed up all the dwellings of Jacob; in his wrath he has torn down the strongholds of Daughter Judah. He has brought her kingdom and its princes down to the ground in dishonor.

3In fierce anger he has cut off every horn of Israel. He has withdrawn his right hand at the approach of the enemy. He has burned in Jacob like a flaming fire that consumes everything around it.

4Like an enemy he has strung his bow; his right hand is ready. Like a foe he has slain all who were pleasing to the eye; he has poured out his wrath like fire on the tent of Daughter Zion.

5The Lord is like an enemy; he has swallowed up Israel. He has swallowed up all her palaces and destroyed her strongholds. He has multiplied mourning and lamentation for Daughter Judah.

6He has laid waste his dwelling like a garden; he has destroyed his place of meeting. The Lord has made Zion forget her appointed festivals and her Sabbaths; in his fierce anger he has spurned both king and priest.

7The Lord has rejected his altar and abandoned his sanctuary. He has given the walls of her palaces into the hands of the enemy; they have raised a shout in the house of the Lord as on the day of an appointed festival.

8The Lord determined to tear down the wall around Daughter Zion. He stretched out a measuring line and did not withhold his hand from destroying. He made ramparts and walls lament; together they wasted away.

9Her gates have sunk into the ground; their bars he has broken and destroyed. Her king and her princes are exiled among the nations, the law is no more, and her prophets no longer find visions from the Lord.

10The elders of Daughter Zion sit on the ground in silence; they have sprinkled dust on their heads and put on sackcloth. The young women of Jerusalem have bowed their heads to the ground.

11My eyes fail from weeping, I am in torment within; my heart is poured out on the ground because my people are destroyed, because children and infants faint in the streets of the city.

12They say to their mothers, “Where is bread and wine?” as they faint like the wounded in the streets of the city, as their lives ebb away in their mothers’ arms.

13What can I say for you? With what can I compare you, Daughter Jerusalem? To what can I liken you, that I may comfort you, Virgin Daughter Zion? Your wound is as deep as the sea. Who can heal you?

14The visions of your prophets were false and worthless; they did not expose your sin to ward off your captivity. The prophecies they gave you were false and misleading.

15All who pass your way clap their hands at you; they scoff and shake their heads at Daughter Jerusalem: “Is this the city that was called the perfection of beauty, the joy of the whole earth?”

16All your enemies open their mouths wide against you; they scoff and gnash their teeth and say, “We have swallowed her up. This is the day we have waited for; we have lived to see it.”

17The Lord has done what he planned; he has fulfilled his word, which he decreed long ago. He has overthrown you without pity, he has let the enemy gloat over you, he has exalted the horn of your foes.

18The hearts of the people cry out to the Lord. You walls of Daughter Zion, let your tears flow like a river day and night; give yourself no relief, your eyes no rest.

19Arise, cry out in the night, as the watches of the night begin; pour out your heart like water in the presence of the Lord. Lift up your hands to him for the lives of your children, who faint from hunger at every street corner.

20“Look, Lord, and consider: Whom have you ever treated like this? Should women eat their offspring, the children they have cared for? Should priest and prophet be killed in the sanctuary of the Lord?

21“Young and old lie together in the dust of the streets; my young men and young women have fallen by the sword. You have slain them in the day of your anger; you have slaughtered them without pity.

22“As you summon to a feast day, so you summoned against me terrors on every side. In the day of the Lord’s anger no one escaped or survived; those I cared for and reared my enemy has destroyed.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Lamentations 2.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Lamentation for the misery of Jerusalem. (1-22).

vv1-9

A sad representation is here made of the state of God's church, of Jacob and Israel; but the notice seems mostly to refer to the hand of the Lord in their calamities. Yet God is not an enemy to his people, when he is angry with them and corrects them. And gates and bars stand in no stead when God withdraws his protection. It is just with God to cast down those by judgments, who debase themselves by sin; and to deprive those of the benefit and comfort of sabbaths and ordinances, who have not duly valued nor observed them. What should they do with Bibles, who make no improvement of them? Those who misuse God's prophets, justly lose them. It becomes necessary, though painful, to turn the thoughts of the afflicted to the hand of God lifted up against them, and to their sins as the source of their miseries.

vv10-22

Causes for lamentation are described. Multitudes perished by famine. Even little children were slain by their mother's hands, and eaten, according to the threatening, Deut. 28:53. Multitudes fell by the sword. Their false prophets deceived them. And their neighbours laughed at them. It is a great sin to jest at others' miseries, and adds much affliction to the afflicted. Their enemies triumphed over them. The enemies of the church are apt to take its shocks for its ruins; but they will find themselves deceived. Calls to lamentation are given; and comforts for the cure of these lamentations are sought. Prayer is a salve for every sore, even the sorest; a remedy for every malady, even the most grievous. Our business in prayer is to refer our case to the Lord, and leave it with him. His will be done. Let us fear God, and walk humbly before him, and take heed lest we fall.

Cross References

Lamentations 2

Poole, Calvin, and JFB identify God's 'footstool' as the Temple or Ark, citing this key passage.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v20Deuteronomy 28:53-57fulfillment

Fulfills the horrific curse of mothers eating their children due to extreme famine in the siege.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v1Psalms 99:5thematic

Establishes the temple/ark as the earthly footstool of God where Israel was commanded to worship.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v4Isaiah 63:10thematic

Direct parallel of the Lord actively turning to fight against His own people as their enemy.

Supported by JFB

v6Psalms 80:12allusion

Vivid verbal echo of God breaking down his vineyard hedge or tabernacle like a temporary garden booth.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v82 Kings 21:13allusion

The 'measuring line' used not for construction, but as a metaphor for methodical, complete destruction.

Supported by JFB

v1Psalms 132:7thematic

Further defines the theological concept of worshipping at God's footstool under the Old Covenant.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v1Jeremiah 52:13fulfillment

The historical execution of Poole's reference: the Chaldeans burning the literal house of the Lord.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v2Psalms 89:39thematic

Parallels the profaning of the kingly crown and casting down of Judah's strongholds.

Supported by JFB

v9Deuteronomy 28:36fulfillment

Fulfillment of the warning that Israel's king would be carried away captive among the Gentiles.

Supported by JFB

v13Daniel 9:12thematic

Daniel's confirmation that Jerusalem's unique, vast judgment has no equal under the whole heaven.

Supported by JFB

v6Isaiah 1:8allusion

Sion left desolate like a temporary cottage or booth in a garden.

Supported by John Calvin, JFB

v9Jeremiah 51:30thematic

Highlights the literal breaking of the bars of the city gates during its destruction.

Supported by JFB

v10Job 2:12thematic

Parallels the silent grief of the elders sitting on the ground with dust on their heads.

Supported by JFB

Connects the cessation of the law under theocracy to times of national apostasy and exile.

Supported by JFB