2 Samuel 18NLT
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2 Samuel18

New Living Translation

1David now mustered the men who were with him and appointed generals and captains to lead them.

2He sent the troops out in three groups, placing one group under Joab, one under Joab’s brother Abishai son of Zeruiah, and one under Ittai, the man from Gath. The king told his troops, “I am going out with you.”

3But his men objected strongly. “You must not go,” they urged. “If we have to turn and run—and even if half of us die—it will make no difference to Absalom’s troops; they will be looking only for you. You are worth 10,000 of us, and it is better that you stay here in the town and send help if we need it.”

4“If you think that’s the best plan, I’ll do it,” the king answered. So he stood alongside the gate of the town as all the troops marched out in groups of hundreds and of thousands.

5And the king gave this command to Joab, Abishai, and Ittai: “For my sake, deal gently with young Absalom.” And all the troops heard the king give this order to his commanders.

6So the battle began in the forest of Ephraim,

7and the Israelite troops were beaten back by David’s men. There was a great slaughter that day, and 20,000 men laid down their lives.

8The battle raged all across the countryside, and more men died because of the forest than were killed by the sword.

9During the battle, Absalom happened to come upon some of David’s men. He tried to escape on his mule, but as he rode beneath the thick branches of a great tree, his hair got caught in the tree. His mule kept going and left him dangling in the air.

10One of David’s men saw what had happened and told Joab, “I saw Absalom dangling from a great tree.”

11“What?” Joab demanded. “You saw him there and didn’t kill him? I would have rewarded you with ten pieces of silver and a hero’s belt!”

12“I would not kill the king’s son for even a thousand pieces of silver,” the man replied to Joab. “We all heard the king say to you and Abishai and Ittai, ‘For my sake, please spare young Absalom.’

13And if I had betrayed the king by killing his son—and the king would certainly find out who did it—you yourself would be the first to abandon me.”

14“Enough of this nonsense,” Joab said. Then he took three daggers and plunged them into Absalom’s heart as he dangled, still alive, in the great tree.

15Ten of Joab’s young armor bearers then surrounded Absalom and killed him.

16Then Joab blew the ram’s horn, and his men returned from chasing the army of Israel.

17They threw Absalom’s body into a deep pit in the forest and piled a great heap of stones over it. And all Israel fled to their homes.

18During his lifetime, Absalom had built a monument to himself in the King’s Valley, for he said, “I have no son to carry on my name.” He named the monument after himself, and it is known as Absalom’s Monument to this day.

19Then Zadok’s son Ahimaaz said, “Let me run to the king with the good news that the Lord has rescued him from his enemies.”

20“No,” Joab told him, “it wouldn’t be good news to the king that his son is dead. You can be my messenger another time, but not today.”

21Then Joab said to a man from Ethiopia, “Go tell the king what you have seen.” The man bowed and ran off.

22But Ahimaaz continued to plead with Joab, “Whatever happens, please let me go, too.” “Why should you go, my son?” Joab replied. “There will be no reward for your news.”

23“Yes, but let me go anyway,” he begged. Joab finally said, “All right, go ahead.” So Ahimaaz took the less demanding route by way of the plain and ran to Mahanaim ahead of the Ethiopian.

24While David was sitting between the inner and outer gates of the town, the watchman climbed to the roof of the gateway by the wall. As he looked, he saw a lone man running toward them.

25He shouted the news down to David, and the king replied, “If he is alone, he has news.” As the messenger came closer,

26the watchman saw another man running toward them. He shouted down, “Here comes another one!” The king replied, “He also will have news.”

27“The first man runs like Ahimaaz son of Zadok,” the watchman said. “He is a good man and comes with good news,” the king replied.

28Then Ahimaaz cried out to the king, “Everything is all right!” He bowed before the king with his face to the ground and said, “Praise to the Lord your God, who has handed over the rebels who dared to stand against my lord the king.”

29“What about young Absalom?” the king demanded. “Is he all right?” Ahimaaz replied, “When Joab told me to come, there was a lot of commotion. But I didn’t know what was happening.”

30“Wait here,” the king told him. So Ahimaaz stepped aside.

31Then the man from Ethiopia arrived and said, “I have good news for my lord the king. Today the Lord has rescued you from all those who rebelled against you.”

32“What about young Absalom?” the king demanded. “Is he all right?” And the Ethiopian replied, “May all of your enemies, my lord the king, both now and in the future, share the fate of that young man!”

33The king was overcome with emotion. He went up to the room over the gateway and burst into tears. And as he went, he cried, “O my son Absalom! My son, my son Absalom! If only I had died instead of you! O Absalom, my son, my son.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Samuel 18.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Absalom's army defeated. (1–8). He is slain. (9–18). David's over-sorrow. (19–33).

vv1-8

How does David render good for evil! Absalom would have only David smitten; David would have only Absalom spared. This seems to be a resemblance of man's wickedness towards God, and God's mercy to man, of which it is hard to say which is most amazing. Now the Israelites see what it is to take counsel against the Lord and his anointed.

vv9-18

Let young people look upon Absalom, hanging on a tree, accursed, forsaken of heaven and earth; there let them read the Lord's abhorrence of rebellion against parents. Nothing can preserve men from misery and contempt, but heavenly wisdom and the grace of God.

vv19-33

By directing David to give God thanks for his victory, Ahimaaz prepared him for the news of his son's death. The more our hearts are fixed and enlarged, in thanksgiving to God for our mercies, the better disposed we shall be to bear with patience the afflictions mixed with them. Some think David's wish arose from concern about Absalom's everlasting state; but he rather seems to have spoken without due thought. He is to be blamed for showing so great fondness for a graceless son. Also for quarrelling with Divine justice. And for opposing the justice of the nation, which, as king, he had to administer, and which ought to be preferred before natural affection. The best men are not always in a good frame; we are apt to over-grieve for what we over-loved. But while we learn from this example to watch and pray against sinful indulgence, or neglect of our children, may we not, in David, perceive a shadow of the Saviour's love, who wept over, prayed for, and even suffered death for mankind, though vile rebels and enemies.

Cross References

2 Samuel 18
v141 Kings 2:5thematic

David never forgot Joab's slaying of Absalom in direct violation of his command.

Supported by JFB

Under God's law, a stubborn and rebellious son like Absalom deserved the death penalty.

Supported by JFB

v32 Samuel 21:17thematic

The people refuse to let David enter battle, valuing him as worth ten thousand of them.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v92 Samuel 14:26thematic

Absalom's famous hair, previously his proud boast, likely contributed to his being caught in the oak.

Supported by JFB

v17Joshua 7:26thematic

Absalom is buried under a heap of stones, symbolizing a cursed criminal, like Achan.

Supported by JFB

David entrusts a third of his forces to Ittai the Gittite, who recently pledged lifelong loyalty.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v9Galatians 3:13typology

Absalom hanging on the tree, accursed of God, typifies the curse of sin borne by Christ.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v142 Samuel 12:10thematic

The sword falling on Absalom fulfills Nathan's prophecy that the sword would never depart from David's house.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v182 Samuel 14:27thematic

Absalom erected a pillar because his three sons had died, leaving him with no heir.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v5Luke 23:34contrast

David's plea to spare his rebellious son shadows Christ's superior love, praying for His executioners.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v6Judges 12:4-6thematic

The Wood of Ephraim east of Jordan likely gained its name from Jephthah's slaughter of Ephraimites.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v8Joshua 10:11thematic

God uses natural elements (the forest) to destroy more of Israel's rebellious army than the sword.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v9Proverbs 30:17thematic

The horrific death of Absalom illustrates the biblical warning of judgment upon children who mock parents.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v242 Kings 9:17-20thematic

The watchman on the roof overlooking the gate detects approaching messengers, matching ancient military watch routines.

Supported by Matthew Poole